@article{
author = "Matijević, Milica and Žakula, Jelena and Korićanac, Lela and Radoičić, Marija B. and Liang, Xinyue and Mi, Lan and Filipović Tričković, Jelena G. and Valenta-Šobot, Ana and Stanković, Maja N. and Nakarada, Đura and Mojović, Miloš and Petković, Marijana and Stepić, Milutin and Nešić, Maja D.",
year = "2021",
abstract = "In this study, C-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (C-TiO2) were prepared and tested as a photosensitizer for visible-light-driven photodynamic therapy against cervical cancer cells (HeLa). X-ray diffraction and Transmission Electron Microscopy confirmed the anatase form of nanoparticles, spherical shape, and size distribution from 5 to 15 nm. Ultraviolet–visible light spectroscopy showed that C doping of TiO2 enhances the optical absorption in the visible light range caused by a bandgap narrowing. The photo-cytotoxic activity of C-TiO2 was investigated in vitro against HeLa cells. The lack of dark cytotoxicity indicates good biocompatibility of C-TiO2. In contrast, a combination with blue light significantly reduced the survival of HeLa cells: illumination only decreased cell viability by 30% (15 min of illumination, 120 µW power), and 60% when HeLa cells were preincubated with C-TiO2. We have also confirmed blue light-induced C-TiO2-catalyzed generation of reactive oxygen species in vitro and intracellularly. Oxidative stress triggered by C-TiO2/blue light was the leading cause of HeLa cell death. Fluorescent labeling of treated HeLa cells showed distinct morphological changes after the C-TiO2/blue light treatment. Unlike blue light illumination, which caused the appearance of large necrotic cells with deformed nuclei, cytoplasm swelling, and membrane blebbing, a combination of C-TiO2/blue light leads to controlled cell death, thus providing a better outcome of local anticancer therapy.",
journal = "Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences",
title = "Controlled killing of human cervical cancer cells by combined action of blue light and C-doped TiO2 nanoparticles",
volume = "20",
number = "8",
pages = "1087-1098",
doi = "10.1007/s43630-021-00082-2"
}