TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
AU  - Kržanović, Nikola
AU  - Živanović, Miloš
AU  - Toroi, Paula
AU  - Bakrač, Luka
AU  - Božović, Predrag
AU  - Stanković Petrović, Jelena
PY  - 2024
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/13192
AB  - Quality control and assurance of mammography X-ray generators include usage of solid-state detectors and/or ionization chambers which are calibrated in standard reference radiation fields. IEC 61267:2005 standard defines reference mammography radiation fields for Mo/Mo anode/filtration, while various anode/filtration combinations are encountered in clinical mammography X-ray units. Not all Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratories have an X-ray generator with Mo/Mo radiation setup, thus traceability can be established only for the available anode/filter combinations which is commonly limited to W/Al. In this study, W/Al radiation fields were established under laboratory conditions by performing half-value layer measurements, and characterization of four solid-state detectors was performed. X-ray multimeter performance was evaluated in terms of energy response in the W/Al radiation fields. In the laboratory conditions the energy response of the dosimeters had larger deviation from unity for dosimeters without appropriate anode/filter combination selected in the software settings, even though most of the dosimeters had uniform relative response. Discrepancy in the response was further investigated by examining its variation induced by available detector software settings, and it was determined that the dosimeter response can vary up to 20 %. In clinical setup, half-value layer was determined, and detector performance was examined. Dosimeters were tested in clinical fields with Mo/Mo, Mo/Rh, W/Rh, W/Ag anode/filter combinations in the X-ray tube voltage range from 25 kV to 35 kV. For most clinical radiation fields, multi-element detectors had energy response deviation within ±5 %. The single-element detector had one software setting available and has exhibited strong energy dependence. Extensive testing of detector response such as presented in this paper allows for correction factor interpolation based on half-value layer.
T2  - Radiation Measurements
T1  - Influence of anode/filtration setup on X-ray multimeter energy response in mammography applications
IS  - InPress
SP  - 107135
DO  - 10.1016/j.radmeas.2024.107135
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Kojić, Andrea and Kržanović, Nikola and Živanović, Miloš and Toroi, Paula and Bakrač, Luka and Božović, Predrag and Stanković Petrović, Jelena",
year = "2024",
abstract = "Quality control and assurance of mammography X-ray generators include usage of solid-state detectors and/or ionization chambers which are calibrated in standard reference radiation fields. IEC 61267:2005 standard defines reference mammography radiation fields for Mo/Mo anode/filtration, while various anode/filtration combinations are encountered in clinical mammography X-ray units. Not all Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratories have an X-ray generator with Mo/Mo radiation setup, thus traceability can be established only for the available anode/filter combinations which is commonly limited to W/Al. In this study, W/Al radiation fields were established under laboratory conditions by performing half-value layer measurements, and characterization of four solid-state detectors was performed. X-ray multimeter performance was evaluated in terms of energy response in the W/Al radiation fields. In the laboratory conditions the energy response of the dosimeters had larger deviation from unity for dosimeters without appropriate anode/filter combination selected in the software settings, even though most of the dosimeters had uniform relative response. Discrepancy in the response was further investigated by examining its variation induced by available detector software settings, and it was determined that the dosimeter response can vary up to 20 %. In clinical setup, half-value layer was determined, and detector performance was examined. Dosimeters were tested in clinical fields with Mo/Mo, Mo/Rh, W/Rh, W/Ag anode/filter combinations in the X-ray tube voltage range from 25 kV to 35 kV. For most clinical radiation fields, multi-element detectors had energy response deviation within ±5 %. The single-element detector had one software setting available and has exhibited strong energy dependence. Extensive testing of detector response such as presented in this paper allows for correction factor interpolation based on half-value layer.",
journal = "Radiation Measurements",
title = "Influence of anode/filtration setup on X-ray multimeter energy response in mammography applications",
number = "InPress",
pages = "107135",
doi = "10.1016/j.radmeas.2024.107135"
}

Kojić, A., Kržanović, N., Živanović, M., Toroi, P., Bakrač, L., Božović, P.,& Stanković Petrović, J.. (2024). Influence of anode/filtration setup on X-ray multimeter energy response in mammography applications. in Radiation Measurements(InPress), 107135.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2024.107135

Kojić A, Kržanović N, Živanović M, Toroi P, Bakrač L, Božović P, Stanković Petrović J. Influence of anode/filtration setup on X-ray multimeter energy response in mammography applications. in Radiation Measurements. 2024;(InPress):107135.
doi:10.1016/j.radmeas.2024.107135 .

Kojić, Andrea, Kržanović, Nikola, Živanović, Miloš, Toroi, Paula, Bakrač, Luka, Božović, Predrag, Stanković Petrović, Jelena, "Influence of anode/filtration setup on X-ray multimeter energy response in mammography applications" in Radiation Measurements, no. InPress (2024):107135,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2024.107135 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kržanović, Nikola
AU  - Stanković Petrović, Jelena
AU  - Živanović, Miloš
AU  - Krajinović, Marko
AU  - Topalović, Dušan
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
AU  - Božović, Predrag
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11908
AB  - Accuracy of measurement in individual dosimetry monitoring service is achieved by performing calibration of dosemeters, ensuring that the measured values are traceable to the primary standard for the quantity of interest. Even though a dosemeter can exhibit remarkable performance in the reference calibration radiation field (e.g. 137Cs), its performance can greatly differ under certain conditions. Effects of different influence quantities need to be examined to ensure that the dosemeters are reliable for use in a specific ionizing radiation practice. The most significant radiation characteristic influence quantities are the radiation energy, angle of incidence and dose (rate). International standards issued by IEC and ISO define radiation conditions and procedures for dosemeter type testing under effects of different radiation, environmental and mechanical influence quantities. Dosemeter performance is expressed in terms of relative response and is evaluated by comparing with defined limits of variation, taking into account the measurement uncertainty, according to [IEC 62387:2020, IEC, 2020]. A passive dosimetry system based on LiF:Mg,Ti thermoluminescent dosemeters (TLD) was tested for the effects of photon energy and angle of incidence in two dosemeter orientations, horizontal (up/down) and vertical (left/right), for the measurement of personal dose equivalent (Hp(10) and Hp(0.07)). The dosemeters were read out on the Harshaw TLD™ Model 6600 Plus Automated Reader (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA), calibrated in 137Cs reference field. Low-energy X-ray reference field N-40, established according to ISO 4037-1:2019 [ISO 4037, ISO, 2019] and ±45°, ±60° angles of incidence were used to examine the passive dosimetry system performance. Limits of variation from -29 % to +67 %, defined in [IEC 62387:2020, IEC, 2020] for energy and angular relative response, were used for performance evaluation. The overresponses for Hp(10) for 45° and 60° were (51 – 62) % and (76 – 88) %, respectively. The results for Hp(0.07) for 45° and 60° were (66 – 69) % and (79 – 95) %, respectively. Thus, for both quantities it was observed that the criteria are met for the angle of ±45°, while for ±60° neither comply with the standard, for both dosemeter orientations, when uncertainties are taken into account. This shows that tested TLD system has high overresponse in low energy photon fields when larger angle of incidence values is encountered. The response could be improved if dosemeters are calibrated using appropriate reference calibration field or if different dosemeter holder is employed.
PB  - Niš : Sievert Association
C3  - RAP 2023 : International conference on radiation applications in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medical Sciences, Engineering and Environmental Sciences; Book of abstracts
T1  - LiF:Mg,Ti TLD angular dependence evaluation at low energy incident radiation
SP  - 60
EP  - 60
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11908
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kržanović, Nikola and Stanković Petrović, Jelena and Živanović, Miloš and Krajinović, Marko and Topalović, Dušan and Kojić, Andrea and Božović, Predrag",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Accuracy of measurement in individual dosimetry monitoring service is achieved by performing calibration of dosemeters, ensuring that the measured values are traceable to the primary standard for the quantity of interest. Even though a dosemeter can exhibit remarkable performance in the reference calibration radiation field (e.g. 137Cs), its performance can greatly differ under certain conditions. Effects of different influence quantities need to be examined to ensure that the dosemeters are reliable for use in a specific ionizing radiation practice. The most significant radiation characteristic influence quantities are the radiation energy, angle of incidence and dose (rate). International standards issued by IEC and ISO define radiation conditions and procedures for dosemeter type testing under effects of different radiation, environmental and mechanical influence quantities. Dosemeter performance is expressed in terms of relative response and is evaluated by comparing with defined limits of variation, taking into account the measurement uncertainty, according to [IEC 62387:2020, IEC, 2020]. A passive dosimetry system based on LiF:Mg,Ti thermoluminescent dosemeters (TLD) was tested for the effects of photon energy and angle of incidence in two dosemeter orientations, horizontal (up/down) and vertical (left/right), for the measurement of personal dose equivalent (Hp(10) and Hp(0.07)). The dosemeters were read out on the Harshaw TLD™ Model 6600 Plus Automated Reader (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA), calibrated in 137Cs reference field. Low-energy X-ray reference field N-40, established according to ISO 4037-1:2019 [ISO 4037, ISO, 2019] and ±45°, ±60° angles of incidence were used to examine the passive dosimetry system performance. Limits of variation from -29 % to +67 %, defined in [IEC 62387:2020, IEC, 2020] for energy and angular relative response, were used for performance evaluation. The overresponses for Hp(10) for 45° and 60° were (51 – 62) % and (76 – 88) %, respectively. The results for Hp(0.07) for 45° and 60° were (66 – 69) % and (79 – 95) %, respectively. Thus, for both quantities it was observed that the criteria are met for the angle of ±45°, while for ±60° neither comply with the standard, for both dosemeter orientations, when uncertainties are taken into account. This shows that tested TLD system has high overresponse in low energy photon fields when larger angle of incidence values is encountered. The response could be improved if dosemeters are calibrated using appropriate reference calibration field or if different dosemeter holder is employed.",
publisher = "Niš : Sievert Association",
journal = "RAP 2023 : International conference on radiation applications in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medical Sciences, Engineering and Environmental Sciences; Book of abstracts",
title = "LiF:Mg,Ti TLD angular dependence evaluation at low energy incident radiation",
pages = "60-60",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11908"
}

Kržanović, N., Stanković Petrović, J., Živanović, M., Krajinović, M., Topalović, D., Kojić, A.,& Božović, P.. (2023). LiF:Mg,Ti TLD angular dependence evaluation at low energy incident radiation. in RAP 2023 : International conference on radiation applications in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medical Sciences, Engineering and Environmental Sciences; Book of abstracts
Niš : Sievert Association., 60-60.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11908

Kržanović N, Stanković Petrović J, Živanović M, Krajinović M, Topalović D, Kojić A, Božović P. LiF:Mg,Ti TLD angular dependence evaluation at low energy incident radiation. in RAP 2023 : International conference on radiation applications in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medical Sciences, Engineering and Environmental Sciences; Book of abstracts. 2023;:60-60.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11908 .

Kržanović, Nikola, Stanković Petrović, Jelena, Živanović, Miloš, Krajinović, Marko, Topalović, Dušan, Kojić, Andrea, Božović, Predrag, "LiF:Mg,Ti TLD angular dependence evaluation at low energy incident radiation" in RAP 2023 : International conference on radiation applications in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medical Sciences, Engineering and Environmental Sciences; Book of abstracts (2023):60-60,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11908 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
AU  - Kržanović, Nikola
AU  - Živanović, Miloš
AU  - Božović, Predrag
AU  - Stanković Petrović, Jelena
AU  - Komatina, Ivana
AU  - Vlahović, Jelena
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11909
AB  - Ionization chambers and solid state detectors incorporated into multimeters are often used for quality control in different modalities of medical imaging and diagnostic radiology. The equipment to be used in the routine QC procedures needs to be calibrated under well-known radiation conditions (known as radiation qualities) defined by the international standards. International standards IEC 61267:2005 [IEC 62167, IEC 2005] and IAEA TRS 457:2007 [IAEA TRS 457, IAEA 2007] cover general radiography and fluoroscopy radiation qualities (abbreviated as RQR and RQA series, in the voltage range from 40 kV to 150 kV), and computerized tomography radiation qualities (abbreviated as RQT series, in the voltage range from 100 kV to 150 kV), among other. In the field of mammography reference radiation fields are defined for molybdenum anode/filtration combination (Mo/Mo, abbreviated as RQR-M series, in the voltage range from 25 kV to 35 kV). Since Mo/Mo mammography units are widespread and available at hospitals they have been included in the standard [IEC 62167, IEC 2005]. Even so, Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratories (SSDLs) that are performing calibrations of QC dosimeters for end-users, rarely have availability of such anode/filtration combination under reference laboratory conditions. SSDLs most often employ X-ray generators with W/Al combinations. Additionally, nowadays many different combinations of anode/filtration are present in mammography units of different manufacturers that are commonly used in the hospitals. Multimeters are often sensitive to spectral changes caused by different anode/filter combination, so it is doubtful that the traceability established for one anode/filter combination can be used to measure doses for another combination. Measurements with different solid state detectors were performed under laboratory conditions with W/Al radiation qualities established in the SSDL. In the future, research will be expanded to clinical conditions in radiation fields produced by mammography units which employ Mo/Mo, Mo/Rh, Rh/Rh, W/Rh and W/Ag. Dosimeter response will be evaluated based on the dependency of 1st HVL which is correlated to radiation output of the X-ray generator (the incident photon spectra).
PB  - Niš : Sievert Association
C3  - RAP 2023 : International conference on radiation applications in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medical Sciences, Engineering and Environmental Sciences; Book of abstracts
T1  - Solid state detector energy response in W/Al mammography radiation quality series
SP  - 30
EP  - 30
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11909
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kojić, Andrea and Kržanović, Nikola and Živanović, Miloš and Božović, Predrag and Stanković Petrović, Jelena and Komatina, Ivana and Vlahović, Jelena",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Ionization chambers and solid state detectors incorporated into multimeters are often used for quality control in different modalities of medical imaging and diagnostic radiology. The equipment to be used in the routine QC procedures needs to be calibrated under well-known radiation conditions (known as radiation qualities) defined by the international standards. International standards IEC 61267:2005 [IEC 62167, IEC 2005] and IAEA TRS 457:2007 [IAEA TRS 457, IAEA 2007] cover general radiography and fluoroscopy radiation qualities (abbreviated as RQR and RQA series, in the voltage range from 40 kV to 150 kV), and computerized tomography radiation qualities (abbreviated as RQT series, in the voltage range from 100 kV to 150 kV), among other. In the field of mammography reference radiation fields are defined for molybdenum anode/filtration combination (Mo/Mo, abbreviated as RQR-M series, in the voltage range from 25 kV to 35 kV). Since Mo/Mo mammography units are widespread and available at hospitals they have been included in the standard [IEC 62167, IEC 2005]. Even so, Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratories (SSDLs) that are performing calibrations of QC dosimeters for end-users, rarely have availability of such anode/filtration combination under reference laboratory conditions. SSDLs most often employ X-ray generators with W/Al combinations. Additionally, nowadays many different combinations of anode/filtration are present in mammography units of different manufacturers that are commonly used in the hospitals. Multimeters are often sensitive to spectral changes caused by different anode/filter combination, so it is doubtful that the traceability established for one anode/filter combination can be used to measure doses for another combination. Measurements with different solid state detectors were performed under laboratory conditions with W/Al radiation qualities established in the SSDL. In the future, research will be expanded to clinical conditions in radiation fields produced by mammography units which employ Mo/Mo, Mo/Rh, Rh/Rh, W/Rh and W/Ag. Dosimeter response will be evaluated based on the dependency of 1st HVL which is correlated to radiation output of the X-ray generator (the incident photon spectra).",
publisher = "Niš : Sievert Association",
journal = "RAP 2023 : International conference on radiation applications in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medical Sciences, Engineering and Environmental Sciences; Book of abstracts",
title = "Solid state detector energy response in W/Al mammography radiation quality series",
pages = "30-30",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11909"
}

Kojić, A., Kržanović, N., Živanović, M., Božović, P., Stanković Petrović, J., Komatina, I.,& Vlahović, J.. (2023). Solid state detector energy response in W/Al mammography radiation quality series. in RAP 2023 : International conference on radiation applications in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medical Sciences, Engineering and Environmental Sciences; Book of abstracts
Niš : Sievert Association., 30-30.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11909

Kojić A, Kržanović N, Živanović M, Božović P, Stanković Petrović J, Komatina I, Vlahović J. Solid state detector energy response in W/Al mammography radiation quality series. in RAP 2023 : International conference on radiation applications in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medical Sciences, Engineering and Environmental Sciences; Book of abstracts. 2023;:30-30.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11909 .

Kojić, Andrea, Kržanović, Nikola, Živanović, Miloš, Božović, Predrag, Stanković Petrović, Jelena, Komatina, Ivana, Vlahović, Jelena, "Solid state detector energy response in W/Al mammography radiation quality series" in RAP 2023 : International conference on radiation applications in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medical Sciences, Engineering and Environmental Sciences; Book of abstracts (2023):30-30,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11909 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
AU  - Kržanović, Nikola
AU  - Komatina, Ivana
AU  - Živanović, Miloš
AU  - Stanković Petrović, Jelena
AU  - Vlahović, Jelena
AU  - Božović, Predrag
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11927
AB  - Clinical mammography units utilize compression paddle for breast compression during exposure. When compression paddle is released, it returns to a default position which varies between different mammography units. This default position is commonly used in quality control procedures. Guidelines for quality control testing in mammography propose measuring the half-value layer (HVL) by placing added filtration on compression paddle while multimeter is positioned on the mammography unit's detector. The influence of compression paddle positioning on HVL measurements was studied under laboratory conditions. The difference in HVL values with and without the presence of the plate is not insignificant, the positioning of the plate also has a significant impact on the measurements.
AB  - Kliničke mamografske jedinice sadrže kompresione papučice koje se koriste u svrhe kompresije dojke prilikom ekspozicije. Nakon oslobađanja kompresione papučice ona se vraća u uobičajeni položaj koji se razlikuje među mamografskim jedinicama. Ova pozicija se najčešće koristi tokom testiranja pri kontroli kvaliteta. Protokoli za kontrolu kvaliteta u mamografiji predlažu merenje debljine poluslabljenja (HVL) postavljanjem dodatnih filtera na kompresionu papučicu dok se multimetar postavlja na detektor mamografske jedinice. Uticaj pozicioniranja kompresione papučice na HVL merenja je ispitan u laboratorijskim uslovima. Razlika u vrednostima za HVL sa i bez prisustva PMMA ploče nije zanemarljiva, dakle pozicioniranje ploče ima značajan uticaj na izmerene vrednosti.
PB  - Београд : Институт за нуклеарне науке "Винча" : Друштво за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе
C3  - 32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova
T1  - The influence of compression paddle positioning on HVL measurements in mammography
T1  - Uticaj pozicije kompresione papučice na HVL merenja u mammografiji
SP  - 382
EP  - 386
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11927
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kojić, Andrea and Kržanović, Nikola and Komatina, Ivana and Živanović, Miloš and Stanković Petrović, Jelena and Vlahović, Jelena and Božović, Predrag",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Clinical mammography units utilize compression paddle for breast compression during exposure. When compression paddle is released, it returns to a default position which varies between different mammography units. This default position is commonly used in quality control procedures. Guidelines for quality control testing in mammography propose measuring the half-value layer (HVL) by placing added filtration on compression paddle while multimeter is positioned on the mammography unit's detector. The influence of compression paddle positioning on HVL measurements was studied under laboratory conditions. The difference in HVL values with and without the presence of the plate is not insignificant, the positioning of the plate also has a significant impact on the measurements., Kliničke mamografske jedinice sadrže kompresione papučice koje se koriste u svrhe kompresije dojke prilikom ekspozicije. Nakon oslobađanja kompresione papučice ona se vraća u uobičajeni položaj koji se razlikuje među mamografskim jedinicama. Ova pozicija se najčešće koristi tokom testiranja pri kontroli kvaliteta. Protokoli za kontrolu kvaliteta u mamografiji predlažu merenje debljine poluslabljenja (HVL) postavljanjem dodatnih filtera na kompresionu papučicu dok se multimetar postavlja na detektor mamografske jedinice. Uticaj pozicioniranja kompresione papučice na HVL merenja je ispitan u laboratorijskim uslovima. Razlika u vrednostima za HVL sa i bez prisustva PMMA ploče nije zanemarljiva, dakle pozicioniranje ploče ima značajan uticaj na izmerene vrednosti.",
publisher = "Београд : Институт за нуклеарне науке "Винча" : Друштво за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе",
journal = "32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova",
title = "The influence of compression paddle positioning on HVL measurements in mammography, Uticaj pozicije kompresione papučice na HVL merenja u mammografiji",
pages = "382-386",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11927"
}

Kojić, A., Kržanović, N., Komatina, I., Živanović, M., Stanković Petrović, J., Vlahović, J.,& Božović, P.. (2023). The influence of compression paddle positioning on HVL measurements in mammography. in 32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova
Београд : Институт за нуклеарне науке "Винча" : Друштво за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе., 382-386.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11927

Kojić A, Kržanović N, Komatina I, Živanović M, Stanković Petrović J, Vlahović J, Božović P. The influence of compression paddle positioning on HVL measurements in mammography. in 32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova. 2023;:382-386.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11927 .

Kojić, Andrea, Kržanović, Nikola, Komatina, Ivana, Živanović, Miloš, Stanković Petrović, Jelena, Vlahović, Jelena, Božović, Predrag, "The influence of compression paddle positioning on HVL measurements in mammography" in 32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova (2023):382-386,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11927 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Božović, Predrag
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
AU  - Kržanović, Nikola
AU  - Topalović, Dušan
AU  - Stanković Petrović, Jelena
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11928
AB  - The aim of this work is to examine the accuracy of the delivered dose inside the blood irradiator using TL dosimeters. The TL dosimeters were placed behind the lead plate and were irradiated with absorbed dose values ranging from 50 mGy to 5 Gy in the 60Co reference radiation field. The deviations of the TL dosimeter readings in relation to the delivered values of the absorbed dose range from 7.8 % to 19.6 % with satisfactory linearity over the entire range of delivered doses (R=0.997). Monte Carlo simulations were used to determine the conversion coefficients for the application of this method in the 137Cs radiation field for devices that work with this type of radiation source.
AB  - Cilj ovog rada je ispitivanje tačnosti isporučene doze unutar ozračivača krvi koristeći TL dozimetre. TL dozimetri su postavljeni iza olovne ploče i ozračeni su vrednostima apsorbovane doze u opsegu od 50 mGy do 5 Gy u referentnom polju zračenja 60Co. Odstupanja očitavanja TL dozimetara u odnosu na isporučene vrednosti apsorbovane doze su u opsegu od 7.8% do 19.6% uz zadovoljavajuću linearnost na celom opsegu isporučenih doza (R=0.997). Monte Karlo simulacijama su određeni konverzioni koeficijenti za primenu ovog metoda i u polju zračenja 137Cs za uređaje koji rade sa ovom vrstom izvora zračenja.
PB  - Београд : Институт за нуклеарне науке "Винча" : Друштво за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе
C3  - 32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova
T1  - Application of TL Dosimeters for testing the accuracy of delivered dose in blood irradiator
T1  - Primena TL dozimetara za ispitivanje tačnosti isporučene doze u ozračivaču krvi
SP  - 387
EP  - 393
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11928
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Božović, Predrag and Kojić, Andrea and Kržanović, Nikola and Topalović, Dušan and Stanković Petrović, Jelena",
year = "2023",
abstract = "The aim of this work is to examine the accuracy of the delivered dose inside the blood irradiator using TL dosimeters. The TL dosimeters were placed behind the lead plate and were irradiated with absorbed dose values ranging from 50 mGy to 5 Gy in the 60Co reference radiation field. The deviations of the TL dosimeter readings in relation to the delivered values of the absorbed dose range from 7.8 % to 19.6 % with satisfactory linearity over the entire range of delivered doses (R=0.997). Monte Carlo simulations were used to determine the conversion coefficients for the application of this method in the 137Cs radiation field for devices that work with this type of radiation source., Cilj ovog rada je ispitivanje tačnosti isporučene doze unutar ozračivača krvi koristeći TL dozimetre. TL dozimetri su postavljeni iza olovne ploče i ozračeni su vrednostima apsorbovane doze u opsegu od 50 mGy do 5 Gy u referentnom polju zračenja 60Co. Odstupanja očitavanja TL dozimetara u odnosu na isporučene vrednosti apsorbovane doze su u opsegu od 7.8% do 19.6% uz zadovoljavajuću linearnost na celom opsegu isporučenih doza (R=0.997). Monte Karlo simulacijama su određeni konverzioni koeficijenti za primenu ovog metoda i u polju zračenja 137Cs za uređaje koji rade sa ovom vrstom izvora zračenja.",
publisher = "Београд : Институт за нуклеарне науке "Винча" : Друштво за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе",
journal = "32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova",
title = "Application of TL Dosimeters for testing the accuracy of delivered dose in blood irradiator, Primena TL dozimetara za ispitivanje tačnosti isporučene doze u ozračivaču krvi",
pages = "387-393",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11928"
}

Božović, P., Kojić, A., Kržanović, N., Topalović, D.,& Stanković Petrović, J.. (2023). Application of TL Dosimeters for testing the accuracy of delivered dose in blood irradiator. in 32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova
Београд : Институт за нуклеарне науке "Винча" : Друштво за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе., 387-393.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11928

Božović P, Kojić A, Kržanović N, Topalović D, Stanković Petrović J. Application of TL Dosimeters for testing the accuracy of delivered dose in blood irradiator. in 32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova. 2023;:387-393.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11928 .

Božović, Predrag, Kojić, Andrea, Kržanović, Nikola, Topalović, Dušan, Stanković Petrović, Jelena, "Application of TL Dosimeters for testing the accuracy of delivered dose in blood irradiator" in 32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova (2023):387-393,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11928 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Vukanac, Ivana
AU  - Rajačić, Milica
AU  - Krneta Nikolić, Jelena
AU  - Janković, Marija
AU  - Sarap, Nataša
AU  - Stanković Petrović, Jelena
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/12590
AB  - Measurement of radon (222Rn) concentration using charcoal filters according to the EPA 520/5-87-005 method is performed in Radiation and Environment Protection Department of Vinča Institute for Nuclear Sciences on NaI scintillation detectors. Concentration of radon adsorbed on active charcoal is determined indirectly, by gamma spectrometry of its daughter products via their gamma peaks at 295 keV, 352 keV (214Pb) and 609 keV (214Bi). In order to assure the reliability of the measurement results, and in accordance with Standard ISO 17025/17 quality control and quality assurance (QA/QC) procedures needs to be applied. Related activities ought to be planned, described in the quality control documentation, performed in a systematic manner, recorded and reviewed. First, the energy and efficiency calibration of the detection system needs to be performed in a proper manner. The NaI scintillation spectrometer is internally calibrated using the certified radioactive 226Ra standard in charcoal matrix and in the geometry identical to the measurement geometry, produced by Czech Metrology Institute and traceable to Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). As defined in laboratory’s procedures a regular quality control of the NaI scintillation detector is performed once a week. Quality control activities include the background measurement and measurement of adequate reference material. Gross background count rate in the energy region of interest is used to verify that the detector and shield have not been contaminated and that there is no significant variation of the background. Reference material used is the soil sample with known content of 226Ra. Gross count rate in the reference material spectrum is used to check the energy and efficiency calibration. These values are recorded and verified if they are within the acceptance limits. Obtained results, together with acceptance limits, for a certain period (one year usually) is graphically presented in the control charts. The acceptance limits for background count rate and reference material gross count rate in the energy region of interest are defined according to the statistical analysis of the data from previous QC period. The mean and standard deviation is calculated and the acceptance limits are set to be ±2σ and ±3σ. QC measurement results falling between ±2σ are considered to be satisfactory, while those falling inside ±3σ are warning. QC measurement results exceeding ±3σ indicate that there is a problem with the measurement system and that analysis of causes and design and application of corrective measures are needed. Analysing the control charts for the previous QC period (year 2022) showed that the controlled parameters were within the defined limits of acceptance. Occasional discrepancies, mainly due to background variation, were minor and were addressed immediately. Background variation was treated simply by repeated measurements after additional ventilation of the measurement laboratory
PB  - Niš : Sievert Association
C3  - RAP 2023 : International conference on radiation applications in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medical Sciences, Engineering and Environmental Sciences; Book of abstracts
T1  - Quality control of NaI scintillation detector for gamma spectrometric determination of radon concentration
SP  - 32
EP  - 32
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12590
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Vukanac, Ivana and Rajačić, Milica and Krneta Nikolić, Jelena and Janković, Marija and Sarap, Nataša and Stanković Petrović, Jelena and Kojić, Andrea",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Measurement of radon (222Rn) concentration using charcoal filters according to the EPA 520/5-87-005 method is performed in Radiation and Environment Protection Department of Vinča Institute for Nuclear Sciences on NaI scintillation detectors. Concentration of radon adsorbed on active charcoal is determined indirectly, by gamma spectrometry of its daughter products via their gamma peaks at 295 keV, 352 keV (214Pb) and 609 keV (214Bi). In order to assure the reliability of the measurement results, and in accordance with Standard ISO 17025/17 quality control and quality assurance (QA/QC) procedures needs to be applied. Related activities ought to be planned, described in the quality control documentation, performed in a systematic manner, recorded and reviewed. First, the energy and efficiency calibration of the detection system needs to be performed in a proper manner. The NaI scintillation spectrometer is internally calibrated using the certified radioactive 226Ra standard in charcoal matrix and in the geometry identical to the measurement geometry, produced by Czech Metrology Institute and traceable to Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). As defined in laboratory’s procedures a regular quality control of the NaI scintillation detector is performed once a week. Quality control activities include the background measurement and measurement of adequate reference material. Gross background count rate in the energy region of interest is used to verify that the detector and shield have not been contaminated and that there is no significant variation of the background. Reference material used is the soil sample with known content of 226Ra. Gross count rate in the reference material spectrum is used to check the energy and efficiency calibration. These values are recorded and verified if they are within the acceptance limits. Obtained results, together with acceptance limits, for a certain period (one year usually) is graphically presented in the control charts. The acceptance limits for background count rate and reference material gross count rate in the energy region of interest are defined according to the statistical analysis of the data from previous QC period. The mean and standard deviation is calculated and the acceptance limits are set to be ±2σ and ±3σ. QC measurement results falling between ±2σ are considered to be satisfactory, while those falling inside ±3σ are warning. QC measurement results exceeding ±3σ indicate that there is a problem with the measurement system and that analysis of causes and design and application of corrective measures are needed. Analysing the control charts for the previous QC period (year 2022) showed that the controlled parameters were within the defined limits of acceptance. Occasional discrepancies, mainly due to background variation, were minor and were addressed immediately. Background variation was treated simply by repeated measurements after additional ventilation of the measurement laboratory",
publisher = "Niš : Sievert Association",
journal = "RAP 2023 : International conference on radiation applications in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medical Sciences, Engineering and Environmental Sciences; Book of abstracts",
title = "Quality control of NaI scintillation detector for gamma spectrometric determination of radon concentration",
pages = "32-32",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12590"
}

Vukanac, I., Rajačić, M., Krneta Nikolić, J., Janković, M., Sarap, N., Stanković Petrović, J.,& Kojić, A.. (2023). Quality control of NaI scintillation detector for gamma spectrometric determination of radon concentration. in RAP 2023 : International conference on radiation applications in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medical Sciences, Engineering and Environmental Sciences; Book of abstracts
Niš : Sievert Association., 32-32.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12590

Vukanac I, Rajačić M, Krneta Nikolić J, Janković M, Sarap N, Stanković Petrović J, Kojić A. Quality control of NaI scintillation detector for gamma spectrometric determination of radon concentration. in RAP 2023 : International conference on radiation applications in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medical Sciences, Engineering and Environmental Sciences; Book of abstracts. 2023;:32-32.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12590 .

Vukanac, Ivana, Rajačić, Milica, Krneta Nikolić, Jelena, Janković, Marija, Sarap, Nataša, Stanković Petrović, Jelena, Kojić, Andrea, "Quality control of NaI scintillation detector for gamma spectrometric determination of radon concentration" in RAP 2023 : International conference on radiation applications in Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medical Sciences, Engineering and Environmental Sciences; Book of abstracts (2023):32-32,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12590 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kržanović, Nikola
AU  - Stanković-Petrović, Jelena S.
AU  - Živanović, Miloš
AU  - Krajinović, Marko
AU  - Božović, Predrag
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
AU  - Topalović, Dušan
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11433
AB  - A need for detailed testing of individual monitoring systems used in accredited service at the Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences was recognized following changes in individual, workplace, and environmental monitoring passive dosimetry systems acceptability criteria stated in IEC 62387:2020 and changes related to reference fields used in radiation protection defined in ISO 4037:2019. Reliability and accuracy of dosimetry data acquired by passive dosimetry systems used for individual monitoring is assured by carrying out type tests. In this manner, the effects of different radiation influence quantities are examined. Passive dosimetry systems comprised of an LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100) detector card placed in two different holder models (8814 and 8850) and the Harshaw TLD Model 6600 Plus Automated Reader were tested. Type tests were done in an extended range of photon energies from 40 keV up to 1.25 MeV, angle of incidence values of ±45° and ± 60° for both vertical and horizontal dosimeter orientation, and in the dose range from 0.05 mSv to 1 Sv. Both dosimetry system configurations perform in line with IEC 62387:2020 within mandatory range for tested influence quantities. Dosimeters that use the 8850 holder type showed less pronounced energy and angular dependence of the response in the low-energy range.
T2  - Health Physics
T1  - Characterization of Thermoluminescent Dosimetry Systems According to the IEC 62387:2020 Standard
VL  - 125
IS  - 3
SP  - 186
EP  - 197
DO  - 10.1097/HP.0000000000001711
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Kržanović, Nikola and Stanković-Petrović, Jelena S. and Živanović, Miloš and Krajinović, Marko and Božović, Predrag and Kojić, Andrea and Topalović, Dušan",
year = "2023",
abstract = "A need for detailed testing of individual monitoring systems used in accredited service at the Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences was recognized following changes in individual, workplace, and environmental monitoring passive dosimetry systems acceptability criteria stated in IEC 62387:2020 and changes related to reference fields used in radiation protection defined in ISO 4037:2019. Reliability and accuracy of dosimetry data acquired by passive dosimetry systems used for individual monitoring is assured by carrying out type tests. In this manner, the effects of different radiation influence quantities are examined. Passive dosimetry systems comprised of an LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100) detector card placed in two different holder models (8814 and 8850) and the Harshaw TLD Model 6600 Plus Automated Reader were tested. Type tests were done in an extended range of photon energies from 40 keV up to 1.25 MeV, angle of incidence values of ±45° and ± 60° for both vertical and horizontal dosimeter orientation, and in the dose range from 0.05 mSv to 1 Sv. Both dosimetry system configurations perform in line with IEC 62387:2020 within mandatory range for tested influence quantities. Dosimeters that use the 8850 holder type showed less pronounced energy and angular dependence of the response in the low-energy range.",
journal = "Health Physics",
title = "Characterization of Thermoluminescent Dosimetry Systems According to the IEC 62387:2020 Standard",
volume = "125",
number = "3",
pages = "186-197",
doi = "10.1097/HP.0000000000001711"
}

Kržanović, N., Stanković-Petrović, J. S., Živanović, M., Krajinović, M., Božović, P., Kojić, A.,& Topalović, D.. (2023). Characterization of Thermoluminescent Dosimetry Systems According to the IEC 62387:2020 Standard. in Health Physics, 125(3), 186-197.
https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000001711

Kržanović N, Stanković-Petrović JS, Živanović M, Krajinović M, Božović P, Kojić A, Topalović D. Characterization of Thermoluminescent Dosimetry Systems According to the IEC 62387:2020 Standard. in Health Physics. 2023;125(3):186-197.
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000001711 .

Kržanović, Nikola, Stanković-Petrović, Jelena S., Živanović, Miloš, Krajinović, Marko, Božović, Predrag, Kojić, Andrea, Topalović, Dušan, "Characterization of Thermoluminescent Dosimetry Systems According to the IEC 62387:2020 Standard" in Health Physics, 125, no. 3 (2023):186-197,
https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000001711 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kržanović, Nikola
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
AU  - Bakrač, Luka
AU  - Živanović, Miloš
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11925
AB  - Recommendations on diagnostic radiology calibrations are defined by the IEC and IAEA documents for molybdenum anode target material and molybdenum primary beam filtration (abbreviated as the RQR-M series). Calibration of diagnostic radiology dosimeters (ionization chambers and X-ray multimeters) can also be performed for other anode/filter combinations, including the tungsten anode / aluminium filtration setup. Performance of dosimeters can significantly vary in radiation fields defined by different anode materials and primary beam filtrations, where different spectra and first half-value layers are obtained for the same nominal X-ray tube voltages. Therefore it is important to calibrate or test dosimeters for the range of radiation qualities or conditions in which they will be used. Performance of two such detectors was evaluated.
PB  - Београд : Институт за нуклеарне науке "Винча" : Друштво за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе
C3  - 32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova
T1  - Evaluation of diagnostic radiology detector performance in reference mammography radiation fields
SP  - 369
EP  - 374
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11925
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kržanović, Nikola and Kojić, Andrea and Bakrač, Luka and Živanović, Miloš",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Recommendations on diagnostic radiology calibrations are defined by the IEC and IAEA documents for molybdenum anode target material and molybdenum primary beam filtration (abbreviated as the RQR-M series). Calibration of diagnostic radiology dosimeters (ionization chambers and X-ray multimeters) can also be performed for other anode/filter combinations, including the tungsten anode / aluminium filtration setup. Performance of dosimeters can significantly vary in radiation fields defined by different anode materials and primary beam filtrations, where different spectra and first half-value layers are obtained for the same nominal X-ray tube voltages. Therefore it is important to calibrate or test dosimeters for the range of radiation qualities or conditions in which they will be used. Performance of two such detectors was evaluated.",
publisher = "Београд : Институт за нуклеарне науке "Винча" : Друштво за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе",
journal = "32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova",
title = "Evaluation of diagnostic radiology detector performance in reference mammography radiation fields",
pages = "369-374",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11925"
}

Kržanović, N., Kojić, A., Bakrač, L.,& Živanović, M.. (2023). Evaluation of diagnostic radiology detector performance in reference mammography radiation fields. in 32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova
Београд : Институт за нуклеарне науке "Винча" : Друштво за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе., 369-374.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11925

Kržanović N, Kojić A, Bakrač L, Živanović M. Evaluation of diagnostic radiology detector performance in reference mammography radiation fields. in 32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova. 2023;:369-374.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11925 .

Kržanović, Nikola, Kojić, Andrea, Bakrač, Luka, Živanović, Miloš, "Evaluation of diagnostic radiology detector performance in reference mammography radiation fields" in 32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova (2023):369-374,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11925 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kržanović, Nikola
AU  - Živanović, Miloš
AU  - Đaletić, Miloš
AU  - Komatina, Ivana
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
AU  - Stanković, Srboljub
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11926
AB  - U svrhu osiguranja kvaliteta sprovođenja radioterapijskih procedura, radioterapijski centri širom sveta učestvuju u programu poštanske dozimetrije koju organizuje i sprovodi Međunarodna agencija za atomsku energiju putem globalne mreže Sekundarnih Standardnih Dozimetrijskih Laboratorija. Kontrola kvaliteta podrazumeva ozračivanje pasivnih detektora zračenja (prethodno termoluminiscentnih, danas radiofotoluminiscentnih dozimetara) na poznatu vrednost apsorbovane doze u vodi u visokoenergetskim poljima x-zračenja linearnih akceleratora koji su upotrebi u redovnoj teleterapijskoj praksi. Laboratorija za zaštitu od zračenja i zaštitu životne sredine je u periodu od 2019. do 2022. godine distribuirala pasivne dozimetre radioterapijskim centrima u Srbiji.
AB  - In order to perform quality assurance of radiotherapy procedures, radiotherapy centers participate in a worldwide programme of postal dosimetry external audits, organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency via the global Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory network. Quality control is performed by delivering a known absorbed dose to water value to the passive ionizing radiation detectors (previously thermoluminiscent, recently radiophotoluminiscent dosimeters) in the high-energy x-radiation fields of linear accelerators which are in regular hospital use in teletherapy. Laboratory for radiation and environmental protection has distributed the passive dosimeters to the radiotherapy centers in Serbia in the period from 2019. to 2022.
PB  - Београд : Институт за нуклеарне науке "Винча" : Друштво за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе
C3  - 32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova
T1  - Provera radioterapijskih ustanova Srbije od 2019. do 2022. godine poštanskom dozimetrijom u veličini apsorbovana doza u vodi
T1  - Postal dosimetry audit of radiotherapy centers in Serbia for the period from 2019. to 2022. in terms of absorbed dose to water
SP  - 376
EP  - 381
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11926
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kržanović, Nikola and Živanović, Miloš and Đaletić, Miloš and Komatina, Ivana and Kojić, Andrea and Stanković, Srboljub",
year = "2023",
abstract = "U svrhu osiguranja kvaliteta sprovođenja radioterapijskih procedura, radioterapijski centri širom sveta učestvuju u programu poštanske dozimetrije koju organizuje i sprovodi Međunarodna agencija za atomsku energiju putem globalne mreže Sekundarnih Standardnih Dozimetrijskih Laboratorija. Kontrola kvaliteta podrazumeva ozračivanje pasivnih detektora zračenja (prethodno termoluminiscentnih, danas radiofotoluminiscentnih dozimetara) na poznatu vrednost apsorbovane doze u vodi u visokoenergetskim poljima x-zračenja linearnih akceleratora koji su upotrebi u redovnoj teleterapijskoj praksi. Laboratorija za zaštitu od zračenja i zaštitu životne sredine je u periodu od 2019. do 2022. godine distribuirala pasivne dozimetre radioterapijskim centrima u Srbiji., In order to perform quality assurance of radiotherapy procedures, radiotherapy centers participate in a worldwide programme of postal dosimetry external audits, organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency via the global Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory network. Quality control is performed by delivering a known absorbed dose to water value to the passive ionizing radiation detectors (previously thermoluminiscent, recently radiophotoluminiscent dosimeters) in the high-energy x-radiation fields of linear accelerators which are in regular hospital use in teletherapy. Laboratory for radiation and environmental protection has distributed the passive dosimeters to the radiotherapy centers in Serbia in the period from 2019. to 2022.",
publisher = "Београд : Институт за нуклеарне науке "Винча" : Друштво за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе",
journal = "32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova",
title = "Provera radioterapijskih ustanova Srbije od 2019. do 2022. godine poštanskom dozimetrijom u veličini apsorbovana doza u vodi, Postal dosimetry audit of radiotherapy centers in Serbia for the period from 2019. to 2022. in terms of absorbed dose to water",
pages = "376-381",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11926"
}

Kržanović, N., Živanović, M., Đaletić, M., Komatina, I., Kojić, A.,& Stanković, S.. (2023). Provera radioterapijskih ustanova Srbije od 2019. do 2022. godine poštanskom dozimetrijom u veličini apsorbovana doza u vodi. in 32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova
Београд : Институт за нуклеарне науке "Винча" : Друштво за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе., 376-381.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11926

Kržanović N, Živanović M, Đaletić M, Komatina I, Kojić A, Stanković S. Provera radioterapijskih ustanova Srbije od 2019. do 2022. godine poštanskom dozimetrijom u veličini apsorbovana doza u vodi. in 32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova. 2023;:376-381.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11926 .

Kržanović, Nikola, Živanović, Miloš, Đaletić, Miloš, Komatina, Ivana, Kojić, Andrea, Stanković, Srboljub, "Provera radioterapijskih ustanova Srbije od 2019. do 2022. godine poštanskom dozimetrijom u veličini apsorbovana doza u vodi" in 32. simpozijum DZZSCG : zbornik radova (2023):376-381,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11926 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kržanović, Nikola
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
AU  - Živanović, Miloš
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11946
PB  - University Novi Sad : Faculty of Sciences
C3  - AAMPM : 11th Alpe Adria Medical Physics Conference : Proceedings book
T1  - Diagnostic radiology dosimeter response dependence of mammography anode/filtration setup
SP  - 15
EP  - 17
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11946
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kržanović, Nikola and Kojić, Andrea and Živanović, Miloš",
year = "2023",
publisher = "University Novi Sad : Faculty of Sciences",
journal = "AAMPM : 11th Alpe Adria Medical Physics Conference : Proceedings book",
title = "Diagnostic radiology dosimeter response dependence of mammography anode/filtration setup",
pages = "15-17",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11946"
}

Kržanović, N., Kojić, A.,& Živanović, M.. (2023). Diagnostic radiology dosimeter response dependence of mammography anode/filtration setup. in AAMPM : 11th Alpe Adria Medical Physics Conference : Proceedings book
University Novi Sad : Faculty of Sciences., 15-17.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11946

Kržanović N, Kojić A, Živanović M. Diagnostic radiology dosimeter response dependence of mammography anode/filtration setup. in AAMPM : 11th Alpe Adria Medical Physics Conference : Proceedings book. 2023;:15-17.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11946 .

Kržanović, Nikola, Kojić, Andrea, Živanović, Miloš, "Diagnostic radiology dosimeter response dependence of mammography anode/filtration setup" in AAMPM : 11th Alpe Adria Medical Physics Conference : Proceedings book (2023):15-17,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11946 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Božović, Predrag
AU  - Kržanović, Nikola
AU  - Živanović, Miloš
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
AU  - Siiskonen, Teemu
AU  - Blideanu, Valentin
AU  - Reetta, Nylund
AU  - Schettino, Giuseppe
AU  - Toroi, Paula
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11115
AB  - Due to constant development in radiodiagnostic and radiotherapy procedures with increasing complexity, a need for high-level coordination of the ionizing radiation metrology community was recognized to better respond to the needs of end users. In order to facilitate knowledge dissemination and improve communication between stakeholders involved in medical applications of ionizing radiation, a Joint Network Project was started in 2020. One of the specific objectives of Work Package 2 of the project 19NET04 MIRA, “Support for a European Metrology Network on the medical use of ionizing radiation” is to support the developing states, ensuring that the planned EMN is inclusive through improvements in the medical use of ionizing radiation [1]. Czech Republic, Romania and Serbia were defined as countries of interest to conduct the survey and collect relevant data from stakeholders in the category of medical staff and professionals, so that the potential for improvement for medical applications of ionizing radiation can be evaluated. For the purpose of data collection, an online questionnaire was prepared and distributed to the stakeholders. The questionnaire was structured in such a way to allow easier collection of information regarding availability of (1) calibration services; (2) documented technical protocols; (3) standard documentation in the establishments for different ionizing radiation applications. Implementation of a Quality assurance (QA) programme was investigated, as well as the consistency in realization of proficiency testing (PT) or audits. The stakeholders were asked if additional workshops or training programmes are needed in their area of expertise. The radiodiagnostic modalities included in the questionnaire were the general radiography, mammography, computed tomography and interventional procedures, while radiotherapy modalities included external beam radiotherapy (teletherapy) and brachytherapy. Although nuclear medicine (therapy and diagnostic) procedures were part of the questionnaire, none of the respondents have capabilities for these applications. Based on the information collected via the online questionnaire, calibration services are available for most of the modalities, except for brachytherapy where traceability is not established. QA and PT are regularly performed in radiotherapy, while it is not the case in radiodiagnostic modalities. Improvement in knowledge transfer is needed for all of the applications investigated. Considering the acquired information, there is a clear need for EMN to support knowledge transfer, communication and technical exchange between the metrology community and the stakeholders involved in the medical applications of ionizing radiation. The forthcoming European Metrology Network will further elaborate the knowledge dissemination and stakeholder dialogue through its stakeholder panels and joint training efforts
PB  - RAD Centre, Niš, Serbia
C3  - RAD 2022 : 10th Jubilee International Conference on Radiation in Various Fields of Research : book of abstracts; June 13-17; Herceg Novi, Montenegro
T1  - Investigation on the potential of improvement in the field of medical applications of ionizing radiation via the future European Metrology Network
SP  - 78
DO  - 10.21175/rad.spr.abstr.book.2022.19.4
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Božović, Predrag and Kržanović, Nikola and Živanović, Miloš and Kojić, Andrea and Siiskonen, Teemu and Blideanu, Valentin and Reetta, Nylund and Schettino, Giuseppe and Toroi, Paula",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Due to constant development in radiodiagnostic and radiotherapy procedures with increasing complexity, a need for high-level coordination of the ionizing radiation metrology community was recognized to better respond to the needs of end users. In order to facilitate knowledge dissemination and improve communication between stakeholders involved in medical applications of ionizing radiation, a Joint Network Project was started in 2020. One of the specific objectives of Work Package 2 of the project 19NET04 MIRA, “Support for a European Metrology Network on the medical use of ionizing radiation” is to support the developing states, ensuring that the planned EMN is inclusive through improvements in the medical use of ionizing radiation [1]. Czech Republic, Romania and Serbia were defined as countries of interest to conduct the survey and collect relevant data from stakeholders in the category of medical staff and professionals, so that the potential for improvement for medical applications of ionizing radiation can be evaluated. For the purpose of data collection, an online questionnaire was prepared and distributed to the stakeholders. The questionnaire was structured in such a way to allow easier collection of information regarding availability of (1) calibration services; (2) documented technical protocols; (3) standard documentation in the establishments for different ionizing radiation applications. Implementation of a Quality assurance (QA) programme was investigated, as well as the consistency in realization of proficiency testing (PT) or audits. The stakeholders were asked if additional workshops or training programmes are needed in their area of expertise. The radiodiagnostic modalities included in the questionnaire were the general radiography, mammography, computed tomography and interventional procedures, while radiotherapy modalities included external beam radiotherapy (teletherapy) and brachytherapy. Although nuclear medicine (therapy and diagnostic) procedures were part of the questionnaire, none of the respondents have capabilities for these applications. Based on the information collected via the online questionnaire, calibration services are available for most of the modalities, except for brachytherapy where traceability is not established. QA and PT are regularly performed in radiotherapy, while it is not the case in radiodiagnostic modalities. Improvement in knowledge transfer is needed for all of the applications investigated. Considering the acquired information, there is a clear need for EMN to support knowledge transfer, communication and technical exchange between the metrology community and the stakeholders involved in the medical applications of ionizing radiation. The forthcoming European Metrology Network will further elaborate the knowledge dissemination and stakeholder dialogue through its stakeholder panels and joint training efforts",
publisher = "RAD Centre, Niš, Serbia",
journal = "RAD 2022 : 10th Jubilee International Conference on Radiation in Various Fields of Research : book of abstracts; June 13-17; Herceg Novi, Montenegro",
title = "Investigation on the potential of improvement in the field of medical applications of ionizing radiation via the future European Metrology Network",
pages = "78",
doi = "10.21175/rad.spr.abstr.book.2022.19.4"
}

Božović, P., Kržanović, N., Živanović, M., Kojić, A., Siiskonen, T., Blideanu, V., Reetta, N., Schettino, G.,& Toroi, P.. (2022). Investigation on the potential of improvement in the field of medical applications of ionizing radiation via the future European Metrology Network. in RAD 2022 : 10th Jubilee International Conference on Radiation in Various Fields of Research : book of abstracts; June 13-17; Herceg Novi, Montenegro
RAD Centre, Niš, Serbia., 78.
https://doi.org/10.21175/rad.spr.abstr.book.2022.19.4

Božović P, Kržanović N, Živanović M, Kojić A, Siiskonen T, Blideanu V, Reetta N, Schettino G, Toroi P. Investigation on the potential of improvement in the field of medical applications of ionizing radiation via the future European Metrology Network. in RAD 2022 : 10th Jubilee International Conference on Radiation in Various Fields of Research : book of abstracts; June 13-17; Herceg Novi, Montenegro. 2022;:78.
doi:10.21175/rad.spr.abstr.book.2022.19.4 .

Božović, Predrag, Kržanović, Nikola, Živanović, Miloš, Kojić, Andrea, Siiskonen, Teemu, Blideanu, Valentin, Reetta, Nylund, Schettino, Giuseppe, Toroi, Paula, "Investigation on the potential of improvement in the field of medical applications of ionizing radiation via the future European Metrology Network" in RAD 2022 : 10th Jubilee International Conference on Radiation in Various Fields of Research : book of abstracts; June 13-17; Herceg Novi, Montenegro (2022):78,
https://doi.org/10.21175/rad.spr.abstr.book.2022.19.4 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Stanković-Petrović, Jelena S.
AU  - Kržanović, Nikola
AU  - Živanović, Miloš
AU  - Topalović, Dušan
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
AU  - Božović, Predrag
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11118
AB  - The regular participation of an accredited individual monitoring service (IMS) in the international and/or interlaboratory intercomparisons (IC) is required according to ISO/IEC 17025:2017 standard, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories. By taking the part in an IC, IMS shows competence, reliability, and has an opportunity to learn further and improve its measurement method. The European Dosimetry Group (EURADOS) Working Group 2 (WG2) has acknowledged the value of the regular IC and also found that data and results from it are fundamental for the harmonization of the measurement process [1]. Thus, EURADOS started a self-sustained program of IC for IMS for external radiation on a biannual basis. The results of an accredited IMS at the Department of Radiation and Environmental Protection, “VINČA” Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia (IMS VINS) in the EURADOS IC for the period 2010-2020 (excluding 2014) are presented. IMS VINS use thermoluminescent whole body dosemeters based on two TLD-100TM (Thermo Scientific™ Harshaw™, USA) detectors. The readouts are done on the Harshaw TLD™ Model 6600 Plus Automated Reader (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). The whole glow curve is used for dose estimation (all of 200 channels). The calibration of the dosimetric system is done twice a year in S-Cs (previously in S-Co) field at the secondary standard dosimetry laboratory (SSDL VINS), according to ISO 4037-3:2019. The IC had 40 different reference values of personal dose equivalent, Hp(10) in noted period ranging from 0.431 mSv to 501 mSv. There were 20, 16, 22, 22, 20 dosemeters irradiated in year 2010, 2012, 2016, 2018, 2020, respectively. The radiations were done in 12 different fields: N-60, S-Co, S-Cs, N-40, N-150, S-Cs+Sr90, S-Cs+N-40, W-110, S-Cs+W-250, W-60, S-Cs+W-80, and S-Cs+N-150. The relative response (R) range is from 0.23 to 2.26. Quantile values for R are: 0.23, 0.79, 0.90, 1.1, and 2.26, respectively for (0%, 25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 % of points). Mean and standard deviation of R are 0.97 and 0.30, respectively. The performance limits are established according to ISO 14146 trumpet-curve [1]. Due to trumpet-curve there were 6 outliers (2 in 2010, 4 in 2016). All of the outliers were for reference dose around 1 mSv and lower. One outlier from 2010 was irradiated in N-40 field and 30° of incident angle. The other outlier was irradiated in the S-Cs field, without any rotation, and thus should have had a satisfying response. The possible explanation is an insensitive TL detector. The outliers in 2016 were all for N-40 quality and ±60° angle. Thus, considering the low number of outliers (only one true outlier) and expected dosemeters faulty response for given irradiation parameters, we conclude that the IMS VINS dosimetry system had satisfactory behavior during IC from 2010-2020.
PB  - RAD Centre, Niš, Serbia
C3  - RAD 2022 : 10th Jubilee International Conference on Radiation in Various Fields of Research : book of abstracts; June 13-17; Herceg Novi, Montenegro
T1  - Results of IMS participation in international intercomparisons for whole body dosemeters – 10 years of study
SP  - 129
DO  - 10.21175/rad.spr.abstr.book.2022.28.3
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Stanković-Petrović, Jelena S. and Kržanović, Nikola and Živanović, Miloš and Topalović, Dušan and Kojić, Andrea and Božović, Predrag",
year = "2022",
abstract = "The regular participation of an accredited individual monitoring service (IMS) in the international and/or interlaboratory intercomparisons (IC) is required according to ISO/IEC 17025:2017 standard, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories. By taking the part in an IC, IMS shows competence, reliability, and has an opportunity to learn further and improve its measurement method. The European Dosimetry Group (EURADOS) Working Group 2 (WG2) has acknowledged the value of the regular IC and also found that data and results from it are fundamental for the harmonization of the measurement process [1]. Thus, EURADOS started a self-sustained program of IC for IMS for external radiation on a biannual basis. The results of an accredited IMS at the Department of Radiation and Environmental Protection, “VINČA” Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia (IMS VINS) in the EURADOS IC for the period 2010-2020 (excluding 2014) are presented. IMS VINS use thermoluminescent whole body dosemeters based on two TLD-100TM (Thermo Scientific™ Harshaw™, USA) detectors. The readouts are done on the Harshaw TLD™ Model 6600 Plus Automated Reader (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). The whole glow curve is used for dose estimation (all of 200 channels). The calibration of the dosimetric system is done twice a year in S-Cs (previously in S-Co) field at the secondary standard dosimetry laboratory (SSDL VINS), according to ISO 4037-3:2019. The IC had 40 different reference values of personal dose equivalent, Hp(10) in noted period ranging from 0.431 mSv to 501 mSv. There were 20, 16, 22, 22, 20 dosemeters irradiated in year 2010, 2012, 2016, 2018, 2020, respectively. The radiations were done in 12 different fields: N-60, S-Co, S-Cs, N-40, N-150, S-Cs+Sr90, S-Cs+N-40, W-110, S-Cs+W-250, W-60, S-Cs+W-80, and S-Cs+N-150. The relative response (R) range is from 0.23 to 2.26. Quantile values for R are: 0.23, 0.79, 0.90, 1.1, and 2.26, respectively for (0%, 25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 % of points). Mean and standard deviation of R are 0.97 and 0.30, respectively. The performance limits are established according to ISO 14146 trumpet-curve [1]. Due to trumpet-curve there were 6 outliers (2 in 2010, 4 in 2016). All of the outliers were for reference dose around 1 mSv and lower. One outlier from 2010 was irradiated in N-40 field and 30° of incident angle. The other outlier was irradiated in the S-Cs field, without any rotation, and thus should have had a satisfying response. The possible explanation is an insensitive TL detector. The outliers in 2016 were all for N-40 quality and ±60° angle. Thus, considering the low number of outliers (only one true outlier) and expected dosemeters faulty response for given irradiation parameters, we conclude that the IMS VINS dosimetry system had satisfactory behavior during IC from 2010-2020.",
publisher = "RAD Centre, Niš, Serbia",
journal = "RAD 2022 : 10th Jubilee International Conference on Radiation in Various Fields of Research : book of abstracts; June 13-17; Herceg Novi, Montenegro",
title = "Results of IMS participation in international intercomparisons for whole body dosemeters – 10 years of study",
pages = "129",
doi = "10.21175/rad.spr.abstr.book.2022.28.3"
}

Stanković-Petrović, J. S., Kržanović, N., Živanović, M., Topalović, D., Kojić, A.,& Božović, P.. (2022). Results of IMS participation in international intercomparisons for whole body dosemeters – 10 years of study. in RAD 2022 : 10th Jubilee International Conference on Radiation in Various Fields of Research : book of abstracts; June 13-17; Herceg Novi, Montenegro
RAD Centre, Niš, Serbia., 129.
https://doi.org/10.21175/rad.spr.abstr.book.2022.28.3

Stanković-Petrović JS, Kržanović N, Živanović M, Topalović D, Kojić A, Božović P. Results of IMS participation in international intercomparisons for whole body dosemeters – 10 years of study. in RAD 2022 : 10th Jubilee International Conference on Radiation in Various Fields of Research : book of abstracts; June 13-17; Herceg Novi, Montenegro. 2022;:129.
doi:10.21175/rad.spr.abstr.book.2022.28.3 .

Stanković-Petrović, Jelena S., Kržanović, Nikola, Živanović, Miloš, Topalović, Dušan, Kojić, Andrea, Božović, Predrag, "Results of IMS participation in international intercomparisons for whole body dosemeters – 10 years of study" in RAD 2022 : 10th Jubilee International Conference on Radiation in Various Fields of Research : book of abstracts; June 13-17; Herceg Novi, Montenegro (2022):129,
https://doi.org/10.21175/rad.spr.abstr.book.2022.28.3 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
AU  - Božović, Predrag
AU  - Kržanović, Nikola
AU  - Stanković-Petrović, Jelena S.
AU  - Živanović, Miloš Z.
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/10089
AB  - Primena jonizujućeg zračenja u medicini je neizbežan deo moderne medicinske dijagnostike. S obzirom na globalni porast izlaganja zračenju u medicinske svrhe raste i potreba za optimizacijom doza koje se isporučuju pacijentu. U dijagnostičkoj radiologiji doza koja se isporučuje pacijentu može se proceniti ulaznom dozom na površini kože (Entrance Surface Air Kerma) i jedan od metoda za dobijanje ESAK jeste proračun na osnovu vrednosti radijacionog izlaza. Radijacioni izlaz može se izmeriti ili dobiti proračunom pomoću matematičkih formula ili Monte Karlo simulacijama. U ovom radu izmeren je radijacioni izlaz za 15 različitih rendgen-aparata i izračunati su parametri u matematičkoj formuli kako bi se dobio precizniji model za radijacioni izlaz. Rezultati su upoređeni sa rezultatima Monte Karlo simulacija, kao i sa rezultatima dobijenim u sličnim studijama.
AB  - Application of ionizing radiation in medicine is an inseparable part of modern medical diagnostics. With increasing number of medical exposures in the world the need for optimization of doses delivered to patients arises. Doses delivered to the patient in diagnostic radiology can be estimated with Entrance Surface Air Kerma, where one of the methods for obtaining ESAK is the calculation based on radiation output. Furthermore, radiation output can be measured or calculated using mathematical formulas or Monte Carlo simulations. In this paper we measured radiation output for 15 different x-ray devices and calculated parameters for mathematical formula to obtain a more accurate model for radiation output. These results were compared with the results of Monte Carlo simulations and the results obtained in similar studies.
PB  - Institut za nuklearne nauke "Vinča"
PB  - Društvo za zaštitu od zračenja Srbije i Crne Gore
C3  - 31. симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ : зборник радова
T1  - Procena vrednosti parametara matematičkog modela za radijacioni izlaz rendgen-aparata u dijagnostičkoj radiologiji
T1  - Optimization of Radiation Output Mathematical Model Parameters for X-Ray Devices Used in Diagnostic Radiology
SP  - 229
EP  - 234
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_10089
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kojić, Andrea and Božović, Predrag and Kržanović, Nikola and Stanković-Petrović, Jelena S. and Živanović, Miloš Z.",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Primena jonizujućeg zračenja u medicini je neizbežan deo moderne medicinske dijagnostike. S obzirom na globalni porast izlaganja zračenju u medicinske svrhe raste i potreba za optimizacijom doza koje se isporučuju pacijentu. U dijagnostičkoj radiologiji doza koja se isporučuje pacijentu može se proceniti ulaznom dozom na površini kože (Entrance Surface Air Kerma) i jedan od metoda za dobijanje ESAK jeste proračun na osnovu vrednosti radijacionog izlaza. Radijacioni izlaz može se izmeriti ili dobiti proračunom pomoću matematičkih formula ili Monte Karlo simulacijama. U ovom radu izmeren je radijacioni izlaz za 15 različitih rendgen-aparata i izračunati su parametri u matematičkoj formuli kako bi se dobio precizniji model za radijacioni izlaz. Rezultati su upoređeni sa rezultatima Monte Karlo simulacija, kao i sa rezultatima dobijenim u sličnim studijama., Application of ionizing radiation in medicine is an inseparable part of modern medical diagnostics. With increasing number of medical exposures in the world the need for optimization of doses delivered to patients arises. Doses delivered to the patient in diagnostic radiology can be estimated with Entrance Surface Air Kerma, where one of the methods for obtaining ESAK is the calculation based on radiation output. Furthermore, radiation output can be measured or calculated using mathematical formulas or Monte Carlo simulations. In this paper we measured radiation output for 15 different x-ray devices and calculated parameters for mathematical formula to obtain a more accurate model for radiation output. These results were compared with the results of Monte Carlo simulations and the results obtained in similar studies.",
publisher = "Institut za nuklearne nauke "Vinča", Društvo za zaštitu od zračenja Srbije i Crne Gore",
journal = "31. симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ : зборник радова",
title = "Procena vrednosti parametara matematičkog modela za radijacioni izlaz rendgen-aparata u dijagnostičkoj radiologiji, Optimization of Radiation Output Mathematical Model Parameters for X-Ray Devices Used in Diagnostic Radiology",
pages = "229-234",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_10089"
}

Kojić, A., Božović, P., Kržanović, N., Stanković-Petrović, J. S.,& Živanović, M. Z.. (2021). Procena vrednosti parametara matematičkog modela za radijacioni izlaz rendgen-aparata u dijagnostičkoj radiologiji. in 31. симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ : зборник радова
Institut za nuklearne nauke "Vinča"., 229-234.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_10089

Kojić A, Božović P, Kržanović N, Stanković-Petrović JS, Živanović MZ. Procena vrednosti parametara matematičkog modela za radijacioni izlaz rendgen-aparata u dijagnostičkoj radiologiji. in 31. симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ : зборник радова. 2021;:229-234.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_10089 .

Kojić, Andrea, Božović, Predrag, Kržanović, Nikola, Stanković-Petrović, Jelena S., Živanović, Miloš Z., "Procena vrednosti parametara matematičkog modela za radijacioni izlaz rendgen-aparata u dijagnostičkoj radiologiji" in 31. симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ : зборник радова (2021):229-234,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_10089 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kržanović, Nikola
AU  - Blideanu, Valentin
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
AU  - Božović, Predrag
AU  - Živanović, Miloš Z.
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/10090
AB  - The 19NET04 MIRA Joint Network Project is a project within the EMPIR 2019 call. The main objectives of the project are to establish stakeholder dialogue, to develop the Strategic Research Agenda for the medical use of ionising radiation, to define how current European metrological services meet regulatory and stakeholder needs, to set up a knowledge-sharing programme for the stakeholders and to develop a plan for the European metrology research infrastructure via the European Metrology Network. The project addresses the strong need for a coordinated action on an international level in the different fields of ionising radiation which include medical applications, radiobiology and radiation protection.
AB  - Projekat za uspostavljanje metrološke mreže 19NET04 MIRA predstavlja međunarodni projekat u okviru EMPIR 2019 poziva. Glavni ciljevi projekta jesu uspostavljanje dijaloga interesenata (stejkholdera), stvaranje strateškog plana razvoja za medicinske primene jonizujućeg zračenja, ispitivanje u kojoj meri trenutne metrološke mogućnosti evropskih instituta zadovoljavaju potrebe regulatornih tela i interesanata, postavljanje programa razmene znanja i razvoj plana za evropsku metrološku infrastrukturu putem evropske metrološke mreže. Projekat će dati odgovor na potrebu za koordiniranim aktivnostima na međunarodnom nivou u različitim oblastima primene jonizujućeg zračenja u medicini, radiobiologiji i zaštiti od zračenja.
PB  - Institut za nuklearne nauke "Vinča"
PB  - Društvo za zaštitu od zračenja Srbije i Crne Gore
C3  - 31. симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ : зборник радова
T1  - EMPIR Project 19NET04 MIRA – Joint Network Project Significance
T1  - EMPIR projekat 19NET04 MIRA – značaj projekta za uspostavljanje metrološke mreže
SP  - 236
EP  - 239
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_10090
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kržanović, Nikola and Blideanu, Valentin and Kojić, Andrea and Božović, Predrag and Živanović, Miloš Z.",
year = "2021",
abstract = "The 19NET04 MIRA Joint Network Project is a project within the EMPIR 2019 call. The main objectives of the project are to establish stakeholder dialogue, to develop the Strategic Research Agenda for the medical use of ionising radiation, to define how current European metrological services meet regulatory and stakeholder needs, to set up a knowledge-sharing programme for the stakeholders and to develop a plan for the European metrology research infrastructure via the European Metrology Network. The project addresses the strong need for a coordinated action on an international level in the different fields of ionising radiation which include medical applications, radiobiology and radiation protection., Projekat za uspostavljanje metrološke mreže 19NET04 MIRA predstavlja međunarodni projekat u okviru EMPIR 2019 poziva. Glavni ciljevi projekta jesu uspostavljanje dijaloga interesenata (stejkholdera), stvaranje strateškog plana razvoja za medicinske primene jonizujućeg zračenja, ispitivanje u kojoj meri trenutne metrološke mogućnosti evropskih instituta zadovoljavaju potrebe regulatornih tela i interesanata, postavljanje programa razmene znanja i razvoj plana za evropsku metrološku infrastrukturu putem evropske metrološke mreže. Projekat će dati odgovor na potrebu za koordiniranim aktivnostima na međunarodnom nivou u različitim oblastima primene jonizujućeg zračenja u medicini, radiobiologiji i zaštiti od zračenja.",
publisher = "Institut za nuklearne nauke "Vinča", Društvo za zaštitu od zračenja Srbije i Crne Gore",
journal = "31. симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ : зборник радова",
title = "EMPIR Project 19NET04 MIRA – Joint Network Project Significance, EMPIR projekat 19NET04 MIRA – značaj projekta za uspostavljanje metrološke mreže",
pages = "236-239",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_10090"
}

Kržanović, N., Blideanu, V., Kojić, A., Božović, P.,& Živanović, M. Z.. (2021). EMPIR Project 19NET04 MIRA – Joint Network Project Significance. in 31. симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ : зборник радова
Institut za nuklearne nauke "Vinča"., 236-239.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_10090

Kržanović N, Blideanu V, Kojić A, Božović P, Živanović MZ. EMPIR Project 19NET04 MIRA – Joint Network Project Significance. in 31. симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ : зборник радова. 2021;:236-239.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_10090 .

Kržanović, Nikola, Blideanu, Valentin, Kojić, Andrea, Božović, Predrag, Živanović, Miloš Z., "EMPIR Project 19NET04 MIRA – Joint Network Project Significance" in 31. симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ : зборник радова (2021):236-239,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_10090 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Stanković-Petrović, Jelena S.
AU  - Krajinović, Marko
AU  - Kržanović, Nikola
AU  - Živanović, Miloš
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
AU  - Božović, Predrag
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11129
AB  - The results of the post-irradiation fading of whole body dosemeters based on two TLD-100TM (Thermo Scientific™ Harshaw™, USA) detectors are presented. The dosemeters are regularly used by accredited individual monitoring service (IMS) at Vinca Institute of Nuclear Science (VINS), Belgrade, Serbia. The testing of post-irradiation fading was carried out according to International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 62387:2020 standard. The irradiations are done in S-Cs137 field at secondary standard dosimetry laboratory (SSDL) at VINS, according to International Organization for Standardization document ISO 4037-3:2019. The chosen reference personal dose equivalent value was 3 mSv. The research was carried out in the period from October 2020 to February 2021, and it lasted 128 days. The frequency of irradiations was approximately 7 days, while 3 periods between irradiations were longer than 10 days, due to COVID-19 pandemic. The irradiations were performed at different dates; thus, all dose readouts were done on the same day to prevent influence of reader’s instabilities. The irradiated dosemeters were stored at the same room where the average temperature was nearly 20°C. There were 14 groups with 6 dosemeters for irradiation and 2 dosemeters for natural background radiation level correction. The reader was Harshaw TLD™ Model 6600 Plus Automated Reader (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). The whole glow curve was used for dose estimation (all of 200 channels). The time as influence quantity was considered to be of type F, thus the range of relative response was limiting factor in the analysis. The results showed that the maximum measurement time tmax is 72 days for deep dose (Hp(10)) detector, and 85 days for shallow dose (Hp(0.07)) detector. Thus, the standard’s requirement is satisfied, as it is required minimum of 30 days. The relative response range for all of the 14 groups was from 0.82 to 1.14 and from 0.83 to 1.17, for deep and shallow dose, respectively. The research has limitation as the irradiations were organized aligned to COVID-19 working schedule. One of the consequences of this timetable is lack of 7 days’ time point, thus the values from 16 days’ time point was used as referential.
PB  - RAD Centre, Niš, Serbia
C3  - RAD 2021 : 9th International Conference on Radiation in Various Fields of Research : book of abstracts; June 14-18; Herceg Novi, Montenegro
T1  - TLD-100 post-irradiation fading characteristics according to IEC 62387:2020 standard
SP  - 219
DO  - 10.21175/rad.abstr.book.2021.31.12
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Stanković-Petrović, Jelena S. and Krajinović, Marko and Kržanović, Nikola and Živanović, Miloš and Kojić, Andrea and Božović, Predrag",
year = "2021",
abstract = "The results of the post-irradiation fading of whole body dosemeters based on two TLD-100TM (Thermo Scientific™ Harshaw™, USA) detectors are presented. The dosemeters are regularly used by accredited individual monitoring service (IMS) at Vinca Institute of Nuclear Science (VINS), Belgrade, Serbia. The testing of post-irradiation fading was carried out according to International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 62387:2020 standard. The irradiations are done in S-Cs137 field at secondary standard dosimetry laboratory (SSDL) at VINS, according to International Organization for Standardization document ISO 4037-3:2019. The chosen reference personal dose equivalent value was 3 mSv. The research was carried out in the period from October 2020 to February 2021, and it lasted 128 days. The frequency of irradiations was approximately 7 days, while 3 periods between irradiations were longer than 10 days, due to COVID-19 pandemic. The irradiations were performed at different dates; thus, all dose readouts were done on the same day to prevent influence of reader’s instabilities. The irradiated dosemeters were stored at the same room where the average temperature was nearly 20°C. There were 14 groups with 6 dosemeters for irradiation and 2 dosemeters for natural background radiation level correction. The reader was Harshaw TLD™ Model 6600 Plus Automated Reader (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). The whole glow curve was used for dose estimation (all of 200 channels). The time as influence quantity was considered to be of type F, thus the range of relative response was limiting factor in the analysis. The results showed that the maximum measurement time tmax is 72 days for deep dose (Hp(10)) detector, and 85 days for shallow dose (Hp(0.07)) detector. Thus, the standard’s requirement is satisfied, as it is required minimum of 30 days. The relative response range for all of the 14 groups was from 0.82 to 1.14 and from 0.83 to 1.17, for deep and shallow dose, respectively. The research has limitation as the irradiations were organized aligned to COVID-19 working schedule. One of the consequences of this timetable is lack of 7 days’ time point, thus the values from 16 days’ time point was used as referential.",
publisher = "RAD Centre, Niš, Serbia",
journal = "RAD 2021 : 9th International Conference on Radiation in Various Fields of Research : book of abstracts; June 14-18; Herceg Novi, Montenegro",
title = "TLD-100 post-irradiation fading characteristics according to IEC 62387:2020 standard",
pages = "219",
doi = "10.21175/rad.abstr.book.2021.31.12"
}

Stanković-Petrović, J. S., Krajinović, M., Kržanović, N., Živanović, M., Kojić, A.,& Božović, P.. (2021). TLD-100 post-irradiation fading characteristics according to IEC 62387:2020 standard. in RAD 2021 : 9th International Conference on Radiation in Various Fields of Research : book of abstracts; June 14-18; Herceg Novi, Montenegro
RAD Centre, Niš, Serbia., 219.
https://doi.org/10.21175/rad.abstr.book.2021.31.12

Stanković-Petrović JS, Krajinović M, Kržanović N, Živanović M, Kojić A, Božović P. TLD-100 post-irradiation fading characteristics according to IEC 62387:2020 standard. in RAD 2021 : 9th International Conference on Radiation in Various Fields of Research : book of abstracts; June 14-18; Herceg Novi, Montenegro. 2021;:219.
doi:10.21175/rad.abstr.book.2021.31.12 .

Stanković-Petrović, Jelena S., Krajinović, Marko, Kržanović, Nikola, Živanović, Miloš, Kojić, Andrea, Božović, Predrag, "TLD-100 post-irradiation fading characteristics according to IEC 62387:2020 standard" in RAD 2021 : 9th International Conference on Radiation in Various Fields of Research : book of abstracts; June 14-18; Herceg Novi, Montenegro (2021):219,
https://doi.org/10.21175/rad.abstr.book.2021.31.12 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dimović, Slavko
AU  - Jelić, Ivana
AU  - Stanić, Vojislav
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
AU  - Božović, Predrag
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/12884
AB  - The aim of the study was to assess Cs+ ions transport phenomena from solidified spent ion exchange resin by mathematical modeling. The experimental results comparison was obtained by Hespe's Standard Leaching Method. For the leaching prediction rate as a function of time, diffusion and semi-empirical models were used. Due to the presence of spent ion exchange resin, the cement matrix absorbed a larger amount of water, swelled, and degraded. This phenomenon caused a significantly lower value of mechanical resistance to pressure. Also, through the increase of bentonite and zeolite content, the cement matrix decreased its mechanical resistance. The retention of cesium ions in the cement matrix was low and they were leached during the early phase of the investigation. The diffusion coefficient, De, decreased by three orders of magnitude with the addition of zeolite and bentonite in the cement matrix. Linear regression of experimental Cs+ leaching results, under static conditions, displayed that the semi-empirical parameter K3 than the absolute values of the parameters K2 and K1. Therefore, the contribution of matrix dissolution to the total radionuclides transport was irrelevant to the prevailing share of diffusion and surface washing processes.
T2  - Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection
T1  - Mathematical modeling of Cs+ transport phenomena from solidified spent ion exchange resin
T1  - Matematičko  modelovanje  fenomena  transporta  Cs+  iz solidifikovane  istrošene  jonoizmenjivačke  smole
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
SP  - 163
EP  - 167
DO  - 10.2298/NTRP210128016D
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Dimović, Slavko and Jelić, Ivana and Stanić, Vojislav and Kojić, Andrea and Božović, Predrag",
year = "2021",
abstract = "The aim of the study was to assess Cs+ ions transport phenomena from solidified spent ion exchange resin by mathematical modeling. The experimental results comparison was obtained by Hespe's Standard Leaching Method. For the leaching prediction rate as a function of time, diffusion and semi-empirical models were used. Due to the presence of spent ion exchange resin, the cement matrix absorbed a larger amount of water, swelled, and degraded. This phenomenon caused a significantly lower value of mechanical resistance to pressure. Also, through the increase of bentonite and zeolite content, the cement matrix decreased its mechanical resistance. The retention of cesium ions in the cement matrix was low and they were leached during the early phase of the investigation. The diffusion coefficient, De, decreased by three orders of magnitude with the addition of zeolite and bentonite in the cement matrix. Linear regression of experimental Cs+ leaching results, under static conditions, displayed that the semi-empirical parameter K3 than the absolute values of the parameters K2 and K1. Therefore, the contribution of matrix dissolution to the total radionuclides transport was irrelevant to the prevailing share of diffusion and surface washing processes.",
journal = "Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection",
title = "Mathematical modeling of Cs+ transport phenomena from solidified spent ion exchange resin, Matematičko  modelovanje  fenomena  transporta  Cs+  iz solidifikovane  istrošene  jonoizmenjivačke  smole",
volume = "36",
number = "2",
pages = "163-167",
doi = "10.2298/NTRP210128016D"
}

Dimović, S., Jelić, I., Stanić, V., Kojić, A.,& Božović, P.. (2021). Mathematical modeling of Cs+ transport phenomena from solidified spent ion exchange resin. in Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection, 36(2), 163-167.
https://doi.org/10.2298/NTRP210128016D

Dimović S, Jelić I, Stanić V, Kojić A, Božović P. Mathematical modeling of Cs+ transport phenomena from solidified spent ion exchange resin. in Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection. 2021;36(2):163-167.
doi:10.2298/NTRP210128016D .

Dimović, Slavko, Jelić, Ivana, Stanić, Vojislav, Kojić, Andrea, Božović, Predrag, "Mathematical modeling of Cs+ transport phenomena from solidified spent ion exchange resin" in Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection, 36, no. 2 (2021):163-167,
https://doi.org/10.2298/NTRP210128016D . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kržanović, Nikola
AU  - Živanović, Miloš
AU  - Ciraj-Bjelac, Olivera
AU  - Božović, Predrag
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11904
AB  - Quality assurance in the area of diagnostic radiology is performed by examining X-ray output parameters under medical exposure irradiation conditions using calibrated dosimetry equipment. The diagnostic radiology dosimeters are calibrated in reference radiation fields established according to IEC 61267 international standard. In practice, radiation qualities are defined by the X-ray tube voltage and the half-value layer and homogeneity coefficient. Comparison of these parameters with the recommendations of the standard can be used for incident photon spectrum characterization and modification by improving the added filtration for each radiation quality, thus acquiring the desired half-value layer for the given X-ray tube voltage. For most of the diagnostic radiology radiation qualities available at the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory a deviation of the first half-value layer less than ±3% was achieved, with an exception of one radiation quality where a correction would be required.
PB  - Belgrade : ETRAN Society
PB  - Belgrade : Academic Mind
C3  - IcETRAN 2020 : 7th International Conference on Electrical, Electronic and Computing Engineering and ETRAN 2020 : 64th National Conference on Electrоnics, Telecommunication, Computing, Automatic Control and Nuclear Engineering; Proceedings book
T1  - Establishing the RQR radiation qualities in the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory
SP  - 541
EP  - 544
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11904
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kržanović, Nikola and Živanović, Miloš and Ciraj-Bjelac, Olivera and Božović, Predrag and Kojić, Andrea",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Quality assurance in the area of diagnostic radiology is performed by examining X-ray output parameters under medical exposure irradiation conditions using calibrated dosimetry equipment. The diagnostic radiology dosimeters are calibrated in reference radiation fields established according to IEC 61267 international standard. In practice, radiation qualities are defined by the X-ray tube voltage and the half-value layer and homogeneity coefficient. Comparison of these parameters with the recommendations of the standard can be used for incident photon spectrum characterization and modification by improving the added filtration for each radiation quality, thus acquiring the desired half-value layer for the given X-ray tube voltage. For most of the diagnostic radiology radiation qualities available at the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory a deviation of the first half-value layer less than ±3% was achieved, with an exception of one radiation quality where a correction would be required.",
publisher = "Belgrade : ETRAN Society, Belgrade : Academic Mind",
journal = "IcETRAN 2020 : 7th International Conference on Electrical, Electronic and Computing Engineering and ETRAN 2020 : 64th National Conference on Electrоnics, Telecommunication, Computing, Automatic Control and Nuclear Engineering; Proceedings book",
title = "Establishing the RQR radiation qualities in the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory",
pages = "541-544",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11904"
}

Kržanović, N., Živanović, M., Ciraj-Bjelac, O., Božović, P.,& Kojić, A.. (2020). Establishing the RQR radiation qualities in the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory. in IcETRAN 2020 : 7th International Conference on Electrical, Electronic and Computing Engineering and ETRAN 2020 : 64th National Conference on Electrоnics, Telecommunication, Computing, Automatic Control and Nuclear Engineering; Proceedings book
Belgrade : ETRAN Society., 541-544.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11904

Kržanović N, Živanović M, Ciraj-Bjelac O, Božović P, Kojić A. Establishing the RQR radiation qualities in the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory. in IcETRAN 2020 : 7th International Conference on Electrical, Electronic and Computing Engineering and ETRAN 2020 : 64th National Conference on Electrоnics, Telecommunication, Computing, Automatic Control and Nuclear Engineering; Proceedings book. 2020;:541-544.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11904 .

Kržanović, Nikola, Živanović, Miloš, Ciraj-Bjelac, Olivera, Božović, Predrag, Kojić, Andrea, "Establishing the RQR radiation qualities in the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory" in IcETRAN 2020 : 7th International Conference on Electrical, Electronic and Computing Engineering and ETRAN 2020 : 64th National Conference on Electrоnics, Telecommunication, Computing, Automatic Control and Nuclear Engineering; Proceedings book (2020):541-544,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_11904 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kojić, Andrea
AU  - Vićić, Miloš
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://plus.sr.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/279687436
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/8718
AB  - Sistemi za planiranje (TPS) u radioterapiji daju dobru procenu raspodele doze u homogenim sredinama, odnosno vrednosti koje su unutar preporučenih referntnih vrednosti [1-2].Postavlja se pitanje uticaja nehomogenosti tkiva odnosno regija sa različitom elektronskom koncentracijom na raspodelu doze. Uovom radu prikazan je uticaj vazdušne šupljine na raspodelu doze duž centralne ose snopa. Ukazano je na pojavu sekundarnog nagomilavanja doze izvan regije vazdušne šupljine kao i na isporučenje niže doze unutar regije vazdušne šupljine[3]. Studija je sprovedena pomoću Monte Karlo simulacija u programskom paketu EGSnrc. U cilju optimizacije izlaganja pacijenata u radijacionoj terapiji, ove efekte bi trebalo uvrstitiu algoritme za proračun doze koje koriste sistemi za planiranje terapije.
AB  - Treatment planning systems (TPS) accurately assess dose distribution in homogeneous medium. Inhomogeneities, due to varying electron densities of organs, should be accounted for in dose distribution in order to accurately deliver dose to the patient. In this paper, the influence of an air cavity on dose distribution along the central axis of the beam was investigated using the EGSnrc Monte Carlo simulation package. Secondary build-up in absorbed dose was observed in the vicinity beyond the air cavity. Optimization of protection of patients in radiation therapy requires the TPS algorithms used to calculae the dose distribution, to include these effects.
PB  - Београд : Институт за нуклеарне науке "Винча" : Друштво за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе
C3  - 30. симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ : зборник радова
T1  - Uticaj vazdušne šupljine na raspodelu doze u radijacionoj terapiji fotonskim snopom
T1  - Influence of air cavity on dose distribution in photon beam radiation therapy
SP  - 478
EP  - 482
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_8718
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kojić, Andrea and Vićić, Miloš",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Sistemi za planiranje (TPS) u radioterapiji daju dobru procenu raspodele doze u homogenim sredinama, odnosno vrednosti koje su unutar preporučenih referntnih vrednosti [1-2].Postavlja se pitanje uticaja nehomogenosti tkiva odnosno regija sa različitom elektronskom koncentracijom na raspodelu doze. Uovom radu prikazan je uticaj vazdušne šupljine na raspodelu doze duž centralne ose snopa. Ukazano je na pojavu sekundarnog nagomilavanja doze izvan regije vazdušne šupljine kao i na isporučenje niže doze unutar regije vazdušne šupljine[3]. Studija je sprovedena pomoću Monte Karlo simulacija u programskom paketu EGSnrc. U cilju optimizacije izlaganja pacijenata u radijacionoj terapiji, ove efekte bi trebalo uvrstitiu algoritme za proračun doze koje koriste sistemi za planiranje terapije., Treatment planning systems (TPS) accurately assess dose distribution in homogeneous medium. Inhomogeneities, due to varying electron densities of organs, should be accounted for in dose distribution in order to accurately deliver dose to the patient. In this paper, the influence of an air cavity on dose distribution along the central axis of the beam was investigated using the EGSnrc Monte Carlo simulation package. Secondary build-up in absorbed dose was observed in the vicinity beyond the air cavity. Optimization of protection of patients in radiation therapy requires the TPS algorithms used to calculae the dose distribution, to include these effects.",
publisher = "Београд : Институт за нуклеарне науке "Винча" : Друштво за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе",
journal = "30. симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ : зборник радова",
title = "Uticaj vazdušne šupljine na raspodelu doze u radijacionoj terapiji fotonskim snopom, Influence of air cavity on dose distribution in photon beam radiation therapy",
pages = "478-482",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_8718"
}

Kojić, A.,& Vićić, M.. (2019). Uticaj vazdušne šupljine na raspodelu doze u radijacionoj terapiji fotonskim snopom. in 30. симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ : зборник радова
Београд : Институт за нуклеарне науке "Винча" : Друштво за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе., 478-482.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_8718

Kojić A, Vićić M. Uticaj vazdušne šupljine na raspodelu doze u radijacionoj terapiji fotonskim snopom. in 30. симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ : зборник радова. 2019;:478-482.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_8718 .

Kojić, Andrea, Vićić, Miloš, "Uticaj vazdušne šupljine na raspodelu doze u radijacionoj terapiji fotonskim snopom" in 30. симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ : зборник радова (2019):478-482,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_8718 .