Design of novel magnetic nanostructures for targeted tumour therapy - MagBioVin Project

Abstract

We present here some recent research advancements and opportunities within the FP7-ERA Chairs MagBioVin project. The project aims to design various novel magnetic nanoarchitectures (e.g. bimagnetic and polymeric core-shell systems, nanoparticles embedded in mesoporous silica and radiolabeled nanostructures) for application in targeted treatment and diagnostics of cancer. The magnetic core of these nanomaterials allows the selective treatment of tumor tissues (i.e. targeted drug-delivery, localized magnetic hyperthermia) by magnetic field. Attachment of radionuclides (e.g. 90Y, 99mTc, 134I) to the nanoparticles opens the possibilities for imaging and internal radiotherapy. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), i.e. iron oxides and spinel ferrites, were synthesized by different methods and coated by several compounds (e.g. citrate, polymers, silica, BSA) to increase their biocompatibility. The composition and morphology of the nanomaterials is characterized by XRD, TEM imaging and infrared spectroscopy, while their magnetic properties were studied by SQUID magnetometry and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Magnetic hyperthermia effects were monitored by DM100 device equipped with DM1, 2 and 3 applicators (nB nanoScale Biomagnetics). This unique setup allows us to monitor the heating efficiency development in cell cultures and small animals (e.g. mice, rats) as well. The current results showed that the MNPs can be successfully labeled with 90Y and 99mTc. The drug loading and release properties of MNPs are studied by HPLC using doxorubicin as the drug. In vitro and in vivo (animal model) applicability of the synthesized nanomaterials regarding toxicity, biodistribution and anti-cancer efficacy is explored for targeted cancer treatment.