Highly Selective Electrochemical Determination of Phlorizin Using Square Wave Voltammetry at a Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode

Abstract

A boron-doped diamond electrode was used as an electrochemical sensor for the determination of phlorizin (aka phloridzin, phlorrhizin) using square wave voltammetry (SWV). Phlorizin (Phl) exhibited a well-defined oxidation peak at +0.9 V (versus Ag/AgCl electrode 3 M KCl) in solutions with a pH value of 6.0. Parameters such as pH value and scan rate were optimized for cyclic voltammetry as well as amplitude and frequency for SWV. The sensor gave excellent response with a wide linear dynamic range for concentrations of phlorizin from 3 to 100 mu M with a detection limit of 0.23 mu M and a good repeatability (+/- 0.9%, n = 7 measurements, c = 10 mu M). The effect of interferences by most common compounds was tested, and the method was successfully applied to the determination of the title compound in apple root extracts and urine samples with satisfactory recovery.