Impact- and Thermal-Resistant Epoxy Resin Toughened with Acacia Honey
2023
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Authors
Stajčić, IvanaVeljković, Filip
Petrović, Miloš
Veličković, Suzana
Radojević, Vesna
Vlahović, Branislav
Stajčić, Aleksandar
Article (Published version)
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High performance polymers with bio-based modifiers are promising materials in terms of applications and environmental impact. In this work, raw acacia honey was used as a bio-modifier for epoxy resin, as a rich source of functional groups. The addition of honey resulted in the formation of highly stable structures that were observed in scanning electron microscopy images as separate phases at the fracture surface, which were involved in the toughening of the resin. Structural changes were investigated, revealing the formation of a new aldehyde carbonyl group. Thermal analysis confirmed the formation of products that were stable up to 600 °C, with a glass transition temperature of 228 °C. An energy-controlled impact test was performed to compare the absorbed impact energy of bio-modified epoxy containing different amounts of honey with unmodified epoxy resin. The results showed that bio-modified epoxy resin with 3 wt% of acacia honey could withstand several impacts with full recovery, w...hile unmodified epoxy resin broke at first impact. The absorbed energy at first impact was 2.5 times higher for bio-modified epoxy resin than it was for unmodified epoxy resin. In this manner, by using simple preparation and a raw material that is abundant in nature, a novel epoxy with high thermal and impact resistance was obtained, opening a path for further research in this field.
Keywords:
acacia honey / bio-modifier / epoxy resin / impact-resistantSource:
Polymers, 2023, 15, 10, 2261-Funding / projects:
- Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia, institutional funding - 200017 (University of Belgrade, Institute of Nuclear Sciences 'Vinča', Belgrade-Vinča) (RS-MESTD-inst-2020-200017)
- Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia, institutional funding - 200026 (University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy - IChTM) (RS-MESTD-inst-2020-200026)
- North Carolina Central University, USA
- NSF DMR EiR 2101041
- NSF DMR PREM 2122044
- DOE/NNSA NA0003979
DOI: 10.3390/polym15102261
ISSN: 2073-4360
PubMed: 37242836
WoS: 000997008400001
Scopus: 2-s2.0-85160653492
Institution/Community
VinčaTY - JOUR AU - Stajčić, Ivana AU - Veljković, Filip AU - Petrović, Miloš AU - Veličković, Suzana AU - Radojević, Vesna AU - Vlahović, Branislav AU - Stajčić, Aleksandar PY - 2023 UR - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11093 AB - High performance polymers with bio-based modifiers are promising materials in terms of applications and environmental impact. In this work, raw acacia honey was used as a bio-modifier for epoxy resin, as a rich source of functional groups. The addition of honey resulted in the formation of highly stable structures that were observed in scanning electron microscopy images as separate phases at the fracture surface, which were involved in the toughening of the resin. Structural changes were investigated, revealing the formation of a new aldehyde carbonyl group. Thermal analysis confirmed the formation of products that were stable up to 600 °C, with a glass transition temperature of 228 °C. An energy-controlled impact test was performed to compare the absorbed impact energy of bio-modified epoxy containing different amounts of honey with unmodified epoxy resin. The results showed that bio-modified epoxy resin with 3 wt% of acacia honey could withstand several impacts with full recovery, while unmodified epoxy resin broke at first impact. The absorbed energy at first impact was 2.5 times higher for bio-modified epoxy resin than it was for unmodified epoxy resin. In this manner, by using simple preparation and a raw material that is abundant in nature, a novel epoxy with high thermal and impact resistance was obtained, opening a path for further research in this field. T2 - Polymers T1 - Impact- and Thermal-Resistant Epoxy Resin Toughened with Acacia Honey VL - 15 IS - 10 SP - 2261 DO - 10.3390/polym15102261 ER -
@article{ author = "Stajčić, Ivana and Veljković, Filip and Petrović, Miloš and Veličković, Suzana and Radojević, Vesna and Vlahović, Branislav and Stajčić, Aleksandar", year = "2023", abstract = "High performance polymers with bio-based modifiers are promising materials in terms of applications and environmental impact. In this work, raw acacia honey was used as a bio-modifier for epoxy resin, as a rich source of functional groups. The addition of honey resulted in the formation of highly stable structures that were observed in scanning electron microscopy images as separate phases at the fracture surface, which were involved in the toughening of the resin. Structural changes were investigated, revealing the formation of a new aldehyde carbonyl group. Thermal analysis confirmed the formation of products that were stable up to 600 °C, with a glass transition temperature of 228 °C. An energy-controlled impact test was performed to compare the absorbed impact energy of bio-modified epoxy containing different amounts of honey with unmodified epoxy resin. The results showed that bio-modified epoxy resin with 3 wt% of acacia honey could withstand several impacts with full recovery, while unmodified epoxy resin broke at first impact. The absorbed energy at first impact was 2.5 times higher for bio-modified epoxy resin than it was for unmodified epoxy resin. In this manner, by using simple preparation and a raw material that is abundant in nature, a novel epoxy with high thermal and impact resistance was obtained, opening a path for further research in this field.", journal = "Polymers", title = "Impact- and Thermal-Resistant Epoxy Resin Toughened with Acacia Honey", volume = "15", number = "10", pages = "2261", doi = "10.3390/polym15102261" }
Stajčić, I., Veljković, F., Petrović, M., Veličković, S., Radojević, V., Vlahović, B.,& Stajčić, A.. (2023). Impact- and Thermal-Resistant Epoxy Resin Toughened with Acacia Honey. in Polymers, 15(10), 2261. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15102261
Stajčić I, Veljković F, Petrović M, Veličković S, Radojević V, Vlahović B, Stajčić A. Impact- and Thermal-Resistant Epoxy Resin Toughened with Acacia Honey. in Polymers. 2023;15(10):2261. doi:10.3390/polym15102261 .
Stajčić, Ivana, Veljković, Filip, Petrović, Miloš, Veličković, Suzana, Radojević, Vesna, Vlahović, Branislav, Stajčić, Aleksandar, "Impact- and Thermal-Resistant Epoxy Resin Toughened with Acacia Honey" in Polymers, 15, no. 10 (2023):2261, https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15102261 . .