TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nenadović, Snežana B.
AU  - Gulicovski, Jelena J.
AU  - Mirković, Miljana M.
AU  - Kljajević, Ljiljana M.
AU  - Bošković, Ivana
AU  - Vukčević, Mira
AU  - Nenadović, Miloš
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/10253
AB  - In recent years geopolymers have shown increased interest as binders with low CO2 emission compared to Portland cement. The main goal of this research is focused on connecting green and sustainable characteristics with the mechanical and chemical properties of fly ash-based geopolymer. The samples of different ratios of fly ash (FA) and metakaolin (MK) were prepared. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) showed that in the geopolymer synthesis reaction a new amorphous phase was formed. Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFT) confirmed characteristic bands of the Si-O and O-Si-O groups at 1045 cm−1. Compressive strength analysis revealed that the optimal ratio of FA and MK is 50:50 and exhibits the highest value. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed the total reduction of carbon content in the alkali-activated geopolymer with the optimal stoichiometry of 50:50. This indicates the possibility of obtaining a geopolymer material with an almost complete absence of carbon, which implies further application as a material with a very high environmental potential and of zero carbon emissions.
T2  - Sustainability
T1  - Structural, Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Low Content Carbon Geopolymer
VL  - 14
IS  - 9
SP  - 4885
DO  - 10.3390/su14094885
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Nenadović, Snežana B. and Gulicovski, Jelena J. and Mirković, Miljana M. and Kljajević, Ljiljana M. and Bošković, Ivana and Vukčević, Mira and Nenadović, Miloš",
year = "2022",
abstract = "In recent years geopolymers have shown increased interest as binders with low CO2 emission compared to Portland cement. The main goal of this research is focused on connecting green and sustainable characteristics with the mechanical and chemical properties of fly ash-based geopolymer. The samples of different ratios of fly ash (FA) and metakaolin (MK) were prepared. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) showed that in the geopolymer synthesis reaction a new amorphous phase was formed. Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFT) confirmed characteristic bands of the Si-O and O-Si-O groups at 1045 cm−1. Compressive strength analysis revealed that the optimal ratio of FA and MK is 50:50 and exhibits the highest value. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed the total reduction of carbon content in the alkali-activated geopolymer with the optimal stoichiometry of 50:50. This indicates the possibility of obtaining a geopolymer material with an almost complete absence of carbon, which implies further application as a material with a very high environmental potential and of zero carbon emissions.",
journal = "Sustainability",
title = "Structural, Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Low Content Carbon Geopolymer",
volume = "14",
number = "9",
pages = "4885",
doi = "10.3390/su14094885"
}

Nenadović, S. B., Gulicovski, J. J., Mirković, M. M., Kljajević, L. M., Bošković, I., Vukčević, M.,& Nenadović, M.. (2022). Structural, Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Low Content Carbon Geopolymer. in Sustainability, 14(9), 4885.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su14094885

Nenadović SB, Gulicovski JJ, Mirković MM, Kljajević LM, Bošković I, Vukčević M, Nenadović M. Structural, Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Low Content Carbon Geopolymer. in Sustainability. 2022;14(9):4885.
doi:10.3390/su14094885 .

Nenadović, Snežana B., Gulicovski, Jelena J., Mirković, Miljana M., Kljajević, Ljiljana M., Bošković, Ivana, Vukčević, Mira, Nenadović, Miloš, "Structural, Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Low Content Carbon Geopolymer" in Sustainability, 14, no. 9 (2022):4885,
https://doi.org/10.3390/su14094885 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vukčević, Mira
AU  - Bošković, Ivana
AU  - Potparić, B.
AU  - Nenadović, Snežana S.
AU  - Kljajević, Ljiljana M.
AU  - Jović Orsini, Nataša
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/9808
AB  - Geopolymers are potentially emerging class of new materials for building purposes due to their enhanced properties in comparison with Portland cement or other types of binders. Primary source for their production could be any natural alumosilicate material or the one coming from the industry in the form of waste. Production of geopolymers is considered as eco-friendly due to the low gas emission and potentially contributor to the lowering of the deposited industrial waste. The main problem in the geopolymer’s application rises along with potential brittleness caused by their porosity. The introduction of modifiers (inorganic and organic) could lead to the filling-the-pores process and consequently to the improvement of mechanical properties (compressive strength). Structure modification by organic phase leads to the production of so called “hybrids”. In this work, commercial epoxy resin and 3-(methoxyl) propyl methacrylate were used as organic modifiers. The purpose of this research was to make a comparison of the microstructural and mechanical properties between two different hybrids through the examination of relevant parameters such as the concentration of NaOH in the alkaline activator and the Si/Al mass ratio in the starting raw mixture. Hybrid geopolymer composities were characterised using XRD, DRIFT spectroscopy as well as SEM microscopy. © 2021, Scibulcom Ltd.. All rights reserved.
T2  - Journal of Environmental Protection and Ecology
T1  - Characterisation of metakaolin-based geopolymers as modified by organic phase
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
SP  - 164
EP  - 172
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_9808
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Vukčević, Mira and Bošković, Ivana and Potparić, B. and Nenadović, Snežana S. and Kljajević, Ljiljana M. and Jović Orsini, Nataša",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Geopolymers are potentially emerging class of new materials for building purposes due to their enhanced properties in comparison with Portland cement or other types of binders. Primary source for their production could be any natural alumosilicate material or the one coming from the industry in the form of waste. Production of geopolymers is considered as eco-friendly due to the low gas emission and potentially contributor to the lowering of the deposited industrial waste. The main problem in the geopolymer’s application rises along with potential brittleness caused by their porosity. The introduction of modifiers (inorganic and organic) could lead to the filling-the-pores process and consequently to the improvement of mechanical properties (compressive strength). Structure modification by organic phase leads to the production of so called “hybrids”. In this work, commercial epoxy resin and 3-(methoxyl) propyl methacrylate were used as organic modifiers. The purpose of this research was to make a comparison of the microstructural and mechanical properties between two different hybrids through the examination of relevant parameters such as the concentration of NaOH in the alkaline activator and the Si/Al mass ratio in the starting raw mixture. Hybrid geopolymer composities were characterised using XRD, DRIFT spectroscopy as well as SEM microscopy. © 2021, Scibulcom Ltd.. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Journal of Environmental Protection and Ecology",
title = "Characterisation of metakaolin-based geopolymers as modified by organic phase",
volume = "22",
number = "1",
pages = "164-172",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_9808"
}

Vukčević, M., Bošković, I., Potparić, B., Nenadović, S. S., Kljajević, L. M.,& Jović Orsini, N.. (2021). Characterisation of metakaolin-based geopolymers as modified by organic phase. in Journal of Environmental Protection and Ecology, 22(1), 164-172.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_9808

Vukčević M, Bošković I, Potparić B, Nenadović SS, Kljajević LM, Jović Orsini N. Characterisation of metakaolin-based geopolymers as modified by organic phase. in Journal of Environmental Protection and Ecology. 2021;22(1):164-172.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_9808 .

Vukčević, Mira, Bošković, Ivana, Potparić, B., Nenadović, Snežana S., Kljajević, Ljiljana M., Jović Orsini, Nataša, "Characterisation of metakaolin-based geopolymers as modified by organic phase" in Journal of Environmental Protection and Ecology, 22, no. 1 (2021):164-172,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_9808 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bošković, Ivana V.
AU  - Vukčević, Mira
AU  - Nenadović, Snežana S.
AU  - Mirković, Miljana M.
AU  - Stojmenović, Marija
AU  - Pavlović, Vladimir B.
AU  - Kljajević, Ljiljana M.
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/8351
AB  - Geopolymers are an emerging class of materials that offer an alternative to the Portland cement as the binder of structural concrete. One of the advantages is that the primary source of their production is waste alumosilicate materials from different industries. One of the key issues in geopolymer synthesis is the low level of mechanical properties due to porosity as well as the high activity of conductivity carriers. It can often lead to limited application possibilities, so the objective is to obtain an enhanced strength as well as decreased cracking tendency through microstructure modification. The introduction of Ca(OH)2, under certain pH conditions could lead to the filling-the-pores process and improving the mechanical properties. The aim was to understand the role that calcium plays in the geopolymer synthesis, and to define which reaction prevails under the synthesis conditions: formation of geopolymer gel or calcium silicate hydrate that contains aluminum substitution (CASH). The synthesis was performed with different raw materials (with or without red mud) and different alkalinity conditions. Ca(OH)2 was the obligatory supplement to both of the mixtures. Different techniques were performed for the testing of reaction products, as well as to define the microstructural changes as the generator of improved mechanical properties and changed electrical conductivity. The characteristics of the geopolymer's macrostructure were defined by means of an SEM analysis. Compressive strength and electrical conductivity are among the investigated product's properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for the identification of various crystalline phases and an amorphous phase. ©, Institute of Metals and Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
T2  - Materiali in tehnologije
T1  - Characterization of red mud/metakaolin-based geopolymers as modified by Ca(OH)2
VL  - 53
IS  - 3
SP  - 341
EP  - 348
DO  - 10.17222/mit.2018.130
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Bošković, Ivana V. and Vukčević, Mira and Nenadović, Snežana S. and Mirković, Miljana M. and Stojmenović, Marija and Pavlović, Vladimir B. and Kljajević, Ljiljana M.",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Geopolymers are an emerging class of materials that offer an alternative to the Portland cement as the binder of structural concrete. One of the advantages is that the primary source of their production is waste alumosilicate materials from different industries. One of the key issues in geopolymer synthesis is the low level of mechanical properties due to porosity as well as the high activity of conductivity carriers. It can often lead to limited application possibilities, so the objective is to obtain an enhanced strength as well as decreased cracking tendency through microstructure modification. The introduction of Ca(OH)2, under certain pH conditions could lead to the filling-the-pores process and improving the mechanical properties. The aim was to understand the role that calcium plays in the geopolymer synthesis, and to define which reaction prevails under the synthesis conditions: formation of geopolymer gel or calcium silicate hydrate that contains aluminum substitution (CASH). The synthesis was performed with different raw materials (with or without red mud) and different alkalinity conditions. Ca(OH)2 was the obligatory supplement to both of the mixtures. Different techniques were performed for the testing of reaction products, as well as to define the microstructural changes as the generator of improved mechanical properties and changed electrical conductivity. The characteristics of the geopolymer's macrostructure were defined by means of an SEM analysis. Compressive strength and electrical conductivity are among the investigated product's properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for the identification of various crystalline phases and an amorphous phase. ©, Institute of Metals and Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia.",
journal = "Materiali in tehnologije",
title = "Characterization of red mud/metakaolin-based geopolymers as modified by Ca(OH)2",
volume = "53",
number = "3",
pages = "341-348",
doi = "10.17222/mit.2018.130"
}

Bošković, I. V., Vukčević, M., Nenadović, S. S., Mirković, M. M., Stojmenović, M., Pavlović, V. B.,& Kljajević, L. M.. (2019). Characterization of red mud/metakaolin-based geopolymers as modified by Ca(OH)2. in Materiali in tehnologije, 53(3), 341-348.
https://doi.org/10.17222/mit.2018.130

Bošković IV, Vukčević M, Nenadović SS, Mirković MM, Stojmenović M, Pavlović VB, Kljajević LM. Characterization of red mud/metakaolin-based geopolymers as modified by Ca(OH)2. in Materiali in tehnologije. 2019;53(3):341-348.
doi:10.17222/mit.2018.130 .

Bošković, Ivana V., Vukčević, Mira, Nenadović, Snežana S., Mirković, Miljana M., Stojmenović, Marija, Pavlović, Vladimir B., Kljajević, Ljiljana M., "Characterization of red mud/metakaolin-based geopolymers as modified by Ca(OH)2" in Materiali in tehnologije, 53, no. 3 (2019):341-348,
https://doi.org/10.17222/mit.2018.130 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bošković, Ivana V.
AU  - Nenadović, Snežana S.
AU  - Kljajević, Ljiljana M.
AU  - Vukanac, Ivana
AU  - Stanković, Nadežda
AU  - Lukovic, Jelena M.
AU  - Vukčević, Mira
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/Article.aspx?ID=1451-39941802188B
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/7881
AB  - A significant amount of red mud generated as a by-product of the Bayer process in the aluminum industry may cause environmental problems if appropriate treatment is not carried out. The presented research dealt with the possibility of application of red mud as a pigment or as raw material for use in the construction material industry. In relation to the aim of this work, the physicochemical characterization was performed and the natural radioactivity of red mud as an industrial waste and a geopolymer sample based on it was determined. The presented research is a contribution to the potential solution for environmental protection through the synthesis of possible construction material based on red mud. The radiological hazard orginating from226Ra,232Th, and40K in the samples was assesed throught the absorbed dose rate and the annual effective dose rate, calculated in accordance with the UNSCEAR 2010 report. Physicochemical characterization of all samples was conducted using X-ray diffraction and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. © 2018, Vinca Inst Nuclear Sci. All rights reserved.
T2  - Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection
T1  - Radiological and physicochemical properties of red mud based geopolymers
VL  - 33
IS  - 2
SP  - 188
EP  - 194
DO  - 10.2298/NTRP1802188B
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Bošković, Ivana V. and Nenadović, Snežana S. and Kljajević, Ljiljana M. and Vukanac, Ivana and Stanković, Nadežda and Lukovic, Jelena M. and Vukčević, Mira",
year = "2018",
abstract = "A significant amount of red mud generated as a by-product of the Bayer process in the aluminum industry may cause environmental problems if appropriate treatment is not carried out. The presented research dealt with the possibility of application of red mud as a pigment or as raw material for use in the construction material industry. In relation to the aim of this work, the physicochemical characterization was performed and the natural radioactivity of red mud as an industrial waste and a geopolymer sample based on it was determined. The presented research is a contribution to the potential solution for environmental protection through the synthesis of possible construction material based on red mud. The radiological hazard orginating from226Ra,232Th, and40K in the samples was assesed throught the absorbed dose rate and the annual effective dose rate, calculated in accordance with the UNSCEAR 2010 report. Physicochemical characterization of all samples was conducted using X-ray diffraction and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. © 2018, Vinca Inst Nuclear Sci. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection",
title = "Radiological and physicochemical properties of red mud based geopolymers",
volume = "33",
number = "2",
pages = "188-194",
doi = "10.2298/NTRP1802188B"
}

Bošković, I. V., Nenadović, S. S., Kljajević, L. M., Vukanac, I., Stanković, N., Lukovic, J. M.,& Vukčević, M.. (2018). Radiological and physicochemical properties of red mud based geopolymers. in Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection, 33(2), 188-194.
https://doi.org/10.2298/NTRP1802188B

Bošković IV, Nenadović SS, Kljajević LM, Vukanac I, Stanković N, Lukovic JM, Vukčević M. Radiological and physicochemical properties of red mud based geopolymers. in Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection. 2018;33(2):188-194.
doi:10.2298/NTRP1802188B .

Bošković, Ivana V., Nenadović, Snežana S., Kljajević, Ljiljana M., Vukanac, Ivana, Stanković, Nadežda, Lukovic, Jelena M., Vukčević, Mira, "Radiological and physicochemical properties of red mud based geopolymers" in Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection, 33, no. 2 (2018):188-194,
https://doi.org/10.2298/NTRP1802188B . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Vukčević, Mira
AU  - Bošković, Ivana V.
AU  - Nenadović, Snežana S.
AU  - Mirković, Miljana M.
AU  - Čalija, Bojan
AU  - Pavlović, Vladimir B.
AU  - Kljajević, Ljiljana M.
PY  - 2017
UR  - http://dais.sanu.ac.rs/123456789/15438
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/7558
AB  - There is potential use of red mud for synthesis of inorganic polymeric materials through a geopolymerization process as an alternative in the sectors of construction and building materials. By introducing of inorganic and organic modificators of microstructure (calcium hydroxide, bifunctional epoxy resins, or various types of alkoxylanes) during the geopolymer synthesis the enhanced values of ductility and strength can be obtained. Research was performed on alumosilicate material (red mud and metakaolin) and alkali activator raw mixture with defined quantity of modificator. The best sinthesys conditions were identified. Post-synthesis curing also play important role in obtaining of good-performing geopolymers. Characteristics of geopolymers were defined by measuring of compressive strength, N2-physisorption, as well as by SEM analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In addition the lower value of zeta potential was identified as the assisting factor for the specific structure domains formation (within the certain range of pH) accompanied by the high compressive strength.
PB  - Belgrade : Materials Research Society of Serbia
C3  - Programme and The Book of Abstracts / Nineteenth Annual Conference YUCOMAT 2017, Herceg Novi, September 4-8, 2017
T1  - Composition of red mud and/or metakaolin-based modified geopolymers
SP  - 72
EP  - 72
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_7558
ER  - 

@conference{
editor = "Uskoković, Dragan, Radmilović, Velimir R.",
author = "Vukčević, Mira and Bošković, Ivana V. and Nenadović, Snežana S. and Mirković, Miljana M. and Čalija, Bojan and Pavlović, Vladimir B. and Kljajević, Ljiljana M.",
year = "2017",
abstract = "There is potential use of red mud for synthesis of inorganic polymeric materials through a geopolymerization process as an alternative in the sectors of construction and building materials. By introducing of inorganic and organic modificators of microstructure (calcium hydroxide, bifunctional epoxy resins, or various types of alkoxylanes) during the geopolymer synthesis the enhanced values of ductility and strength can be obtained. Research was performed on alumosilicate material (red mud and metakaolin) and alkali activator raw mixture with defined quantity of modificator. The best sinthesys conditions were identified. Post-synthesis curing also play important role in obtaining of good-performing geopolymers. Characteristics of geopolymers were defined by measuring of compressive strength, N2-physisorption, as well as by SEM analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In addition the lower value of zeta potential was identified as the assisting factor for the specific structure domains formation (within the certain range of pH) accompanied by the high compressive strength.",
publisher = "Belgrade : Materials Research Society of Serbia",
journal = "Programme and The Book of Abstracts / Nineteenth Annual Conference YUCOMAT 2017, Herceg Novi, September 4-8, 2017",
title = "Composition of red mud and/or metakaolin-based modified geopolymers",
pages = "72-72",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_7558"
}

Uskoković, D., Radmilović, V. R., Vukčević, M., Bošković, I. V., Nenadović, S. S., Mirković, M. M., Čalija, B., Pavlović, V. B.,& Kljajević, L. M.. (2017). Composition of red mud and/or metakaolin-based modified geopolymers. in Programme and The Book of Abstracts / Nineteenth Annual Conference YUCOMAT 2017, Herceg Novi, September 4-8, 2017
Belgrade : Materials Research Society of Serbia., 72-72.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_7558

Uskoković D, Radmilović VR, Vukčević M, Bošković IV, Nenadović SS, Mirković MM, Čalija B, Pavlović VB, Kljajević LM. Composition of red mud and/or metakaolin-based modified geopolymers. in Programme and The Book of Abstracts / Nineteenth Annual Conference YUCOMAT 2017, Herceg Novi, September 4-8, 2017. 2017;:72-72.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_7558 .

Uskoković, Dragan, Radmilović, Velimir R., Vukčević, Mira, Bošković, Ivana V., Nenadović, Snežana S., Mirković, Miljana M., Čalija, Bojan, Pavlović, Vladimir B., Kljajević, Ljiljana M., "Composition of red mud and/or metakaolin-based modified geopolymers" in Programme and The Book of Abstracts / Nineteenth Annual Conference YUCOMAT 2017, Herceg Novi, September 4-8, 2017 (2017):72-72,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_7558 .