TY  - JOUR
AU  - Živanović, Zlatomir M.
AU  - Petković, Snežana
AU  - Mišanović, Slobodan M.
AU  - Holo, Apolonia
AU  - Šakota, Željko
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1717
AB  - The state of development and application of compressed natural gas (CNG) buses in Serbia is presented, together with a review of their number in some European countries and cities. After several years of operation of these buses in the largest fleets in Serbia (Belgrade and Novi Sad), an analysis of their economic benefits and ecological characteristics has been carried out. Special attention is paid to the operational costs and possible savings achievable by CNG buses compared to diesel buses. Ecological characteristics of these buses are presented through the measurements of exhaust emissions on one type of these buses and through presentation and analysis of data from the literature on emissions of the buses of identical or similar engines. The preformed investigations show that application of CNG buses brings significant savings as regards total costs during their operational lifecycle compared to diesel buses. On the other hand, CNG buses have a significant ecological potential as regards fulfilling stringent requirements for exhaust emissions standards.
T2  - FME Transactions
T1  - Natural Gas Buses in Serbia Public Transport - Some Operational Experiences
VL  - 43
IS  - 2
SP  - 89
EP  - 98
DO  - 10.5937/fmet1502089Z
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Živanović, Zlatomir M. and Petković, Snežana and Mišanović, Slobodan M. and Holo, Apolonia and Šakota, Željko",
year = "2015",
abstract = "The state of development and application of compressed natural gas (CNG) buses in Serbia is presented, together with a review of their number in some European countries and cities. After several years of operation of these buses in the largest fleets in Serbia (Belgrade and Novi Sad), an analysis of their economic benefits and ecological characteristics has been carried out. Special attention is paid to the operational costs and possible savings achievable by CNG buses compared to diesel buses. Ecological characteristics of these buses are presented through the measurements of exhaust emissions on one type of these buses and through presentation and analysis of data from the literature on emissions of the buses of identical or similar engines. The preformed investigations show that application of CNG buses brings significant savings as regards total costs during their operational lifecycle compared to diesel buses. On the other hand, CNG buses have a significant ecological potential as regards fulfilling stringent requirements for exhaust emissions standards.",
journal = "FME Transactions",
title = "Natural Gas Buses in Serbia Public Transport - Some Operational Experiences",
volume = "43",
number = "2",
pages = "89-98",
doi = "10.5937/fmet1502089Z"
}

Živanović, Z. M., Petković, S., Mišanović, S. M., Holo, A.,& Šakota, Ž.. (2015). Natural Gas Buses in Serbia Public Transport - Some Operational Experiences. in FME Transactions, 43(2), 89-98.
https://doi.org/10.5937/fmet1502089Z

Živanović ZM, Petković S, Mišanović SM, Holo A, Šakota Ž. Natural Gas Buses in Serbia Public Transport - Some Operational Experiences. in FME Transactions. 2015;43(2):89-98.
doi:10.5937/fmet1502089Z .

Živanović, Zlatomir M., Petković, Snežana, Mišanović, Slobodan M., Holo, Apolonia, Šakota, Željko, "Natural Gas Buses in Serbia Public Transport - Some Operational Experiences" in FME Transactions, 43, no. 2 (2015):89-98,
https://doi.org/10.5937/fmet1502089Z . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jovanović, Zoran S.
AU  - Živanović, Zlatomir M.
AU  - Šakota, Željko
AU  - Tomić, Miroljub V.
AU  - Petrovic, Velimir S.
PY  - 2011
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4557
AB  - In this paper some results concerning the evolution of 3-D fluid flow pattern through all four strokes in combustion chambers with entirely different bowl-in-piston geometry layouts ranging from omega to simple cylinder were presented. All combustion chambers i. e. those with omega bowls, with different profiles, and those with cylinder bowls, with different squish area ranging from 44% to 62%, were with flat head, vertical valves, and identical elevation of intake and exhaust ports. A bunch of results emerged by dint of multidimensional modeling of non-reactive fluid flow in arbitrary geometry with moving objects and boundaries. The fluid flow pattern during induction and compression in all cases was extremely complicated and entirely 3-D. It should be noted that significant differences due to geometry of the bowl were encountered only in the vicinity of top dead centre. Namely, in the case of omega bowl all three types of organized macro flows were observed while in the case of cylinder bowl no circumferential velocity was registered at all. On the contrary, in the case of cylinder bowl some interesting results concerning reverse tumble and its center of rotation shifting from exhaust valve zone to intake valve zone during induction stroke and vice-verse from intake valve zone to exhaust valve zone during compression were observed while in the case of omega bowl no such a displacement was legible. During expansion the fluid flow pattern is fully controlled by piston motion and during exhaust it is mainly 1-D, except in the close proximity of exhaust valve. For that reason it is not affected by the geometry of the bowl.
T2  - Thermal Science
T1  - The Effect of Bowl-In-Piston Geometry Layout on Fluid Flow Pattern
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
SP  - 817
EP  - 832
DO  - 10.2298/TSCI110417040J
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Jovanović, Zoran S. and Živanović, Zlatomir M. and Šakota, Željko and Tomić, Miroljub V. and Petrovic, Velimir S.",
year = "2011",
abstract = "In this paper some results concerning the evolution of 3-D fluid flow pattern through all four strokes in combustion chambers with entirely different bowl-in-piston geometry layouts ranging from omega to simple cylinder were presented. All combustion chambers i. e. those with omega bowls, with different profiles, and those with cylinder bowls, with different squish area ranging from 44% to 62%, were with flat head, vertical valves, and identical elevation of intake and exhaust ports. A bunch of results emerged by dint of multidimensional modeling of non-reactive fluid flow in arbitrary geometry with moving objects and boundaries. The fluid flow pattern during induction and compression in all cases was extremely complicated and entirely 3-D. It should be noted that significant differences due to geometry of the bowl were encountered only in the vicinity of top dead centre. Namely, in the case of omega bowl all three types of organized macro flows were observed while in the case of cylinder bowl no circumferential velocity was registered at all. On the contrary, in the case of cylinder bowl some interesting results concerning reverse tumble and its center of rotation shifting from exhaust valve zone to intake valve zone during induction stroke and vice-verse from intake valve zone to exhaust valve zone during compression were observed while in the case of omega bowl no such a displacement was legible. During expansion the fluid flow pattern is fully controlled by piston motion and during exhaust it is mainly 1-D, except in the close proximity of exhaust valve. For that reason it is not affected by the geometry of the bowl.",
journal = "Thermal Science",
title = "The Effect of Bowl-In-Piston Geometry Layout on Fluid Flow Pattern",
volume = "15",
number = "3",
pages = "817-832",
doi = "10.2298/TSCI110417040J"
}

Jovanović, Z. S., Živanović, Z. M., Šakota, Ž., Tomić, M. V.,& Petrovic, V. S.. (2011). The Effect of Bowl-In-Piston Geometry Layout on Fluid Flow Pattern. in Thermal Science, 15(3), 817-832.
https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI110417040J

Jovanović ZS, Živanović ZM, Šakota Ž, Tomić MV, Petrovic VS. The Effect of Bowl-In-Piston Geometry Layout on Fluid Flow Pattern. in Thermal Science. 2011;15(3):817-832.
doi:10.2298/TSCI110417040J .

Jovanović, Zoran S., Živanović, Zlatomir M., Šakota, Željko, Tomić, Miroljub V., Petrovic, Velimir S., "The Effect of Bowl-In-Piston Geometry Layout on Fluid Flow Pattern" in Thermal Science, 15, no. 3 (2011):817-832,
https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI110417040J . .