TY  - JOUR
AU  - Masson, O.
AU  - Steinhauser, Georg
AU  - Zok, D.
AU  - Saunier, O.
AU  - Angelov, H.
AU  - Babić, D.
AU  - Bečková, V.
AU  - Bieringer, J.
AU  - Bruggeman, M.
AU  - Burbidge, C. I.
AU  - Conil, S.
AU  - Dalheimer, A.
AU  - De Geer, L.-E.
AU  - de Vismes Ott, A.
AU  - Eleftheriadis, K.
AU  - Estier, S.
AU  - Fischer, H.
AU  - Garavaglia, M. G.
AU  - Gasco Leonarte, C.
AU  - Gorzkiewicz, K.
AU  - Hainz, D.
AU  - Hoffman, I.
AU  - Hýža, M.
AU  - Isajenko, K.
AU  - Karhunen, T.
AU  - Kastlander, J.
AU  - Katzlberger, C.
AU  - Kierepko, R.
AU  - Knetsch, G.-J.
AU  - Kövendiné Kónyi, J.
AU  - Lecomte, M.
AU  - Mietelski, J. W.
AU  - Min, P.
AU  - Møller, B.
AU  - Nielsen, S. P.
AU  - Nikolić, Jelena D.
AU  - Nikolovska, L.
AU  - Penev, I.
AU  - Petrinec, B.
AU  - Povinec, P. P.
AU  - Querfeld, R.
AU  - Raimondi, O.
AU  - Ransby, Daniela
AU  - Ringer, W.
AU  - Romanenko, O.
AU  - Rusconi, R.
AU  - Saey, P. R. J.
AU  - Samsonov, V.
AU  - Šilobritienė, B.
AU  - Simion, E.
AU  - Söderström, C.
AU  - Šoštarić, M.
AU  - Steinkopff, T.
AU  - Steinmann, P.
AU  - Sýkora, I.
AU  - Tabachnyi, L.
AU  - Todorovic, D.
AU  - Tomankiewicz, E.
AU  - Tschiersch, J.
AU  - Tsibranski, R.
AU  - Tzortzis, M.
AU  - Ungar, K.
AU  - Vidic, A.
AU  - Weller, A.
AU  - Wershofen, H.
AU  - Zagyvai, P.
AU  - Zalewska, T.
AU  - Zapata García, D.
AU  - Zorko, B.
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/10505
AB  - In October 2017, most European countries reported unique atmospheric detections of aerosol-bound radioruthenium (106Ru). The range of concentrations varied from some tenths of µBq·m−3 to more than 150 mBq·m−3. The widespread detection at such considerable (yet innocuous) levels suggested a considerable release. To compare activity reports of airborne 106Ru with different sampling periods, concentrations were reconstructed based on the most probable plume presence duration at each location. Based on airborne concentration spreading and chemical considerations, it is possible to assume that the release occurred in the Southern Urals region (Russian Federation). The 106Ru age was estimated to be about 2 years. It exhibited highly soluble and less soluble fractions in aqueous media, high radiopurity (lack of concomitant radionuclides), and volatility between 700 and 1,000 °C, thus suggesting a release at an advanced stage in the reprocessing of nuclear fuel. The amount and isotopic characteristics of the radioruthenium release may indicate a context with the production of a large 144Ce source for a neutrino experiment.
T2  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
T1  - Airborne concentrations and chemical considerations of radioactive ruthenium from an undeclared major nuclear release in 2017
VL  - 116
IS  - 34
SP  - 16750
EP  - 16759
DO  - 10.1073/pnas.1907571116
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Masson, O. and Steinhauser, Georg and Zok, D. and Saunier, O. and Angelov, H. and Babić, D. and Bečková, V. and Bieringer, J. and Bruggeman, M. and Burbidge, C. I. and Conil, S. and Dalheimer, A. and De Geer, L.-E. and de Vismes Ott, A. and Eleftheriadis, K. and Estier, S. and Fischer, H. and Garavaglia, M. G. and Gasco Leonarte, C. and Gorzkiewicz, K. and Hainz, D. and Hoffman, I. and Hýža, M. and Isajenko, K. and Karhunen, T. and Kastlander, J. and Katzlberger, C. and Kierepko, R. and Knetsch, G.-J. and Kövendiné Kónyi, J. and Lecomte, M. and Mietelski, J. W. and Min, P. and Møller, B. and Nielsen, S. P. and Nikolić, Jelena D. and Nikolovska, L. and Penev, I. and Petrinec, B. and Povinec, P. P. and Querfeld, R. and Raimondi, O. and Ransby, Daniela and Ringer, W. and Romanenko, O. and Rusconi, R. and Saey, P. R. J. and Samsonov, V. and Šilobritienė, B. and Simion, E. and Söderström, C. and Šoštarić, M. and Steinkopff, T. and Steinmann, P. and Sýkora, I. and Tabachnyi, L. and Todorovic, D. and Tomankiewicz, E. and Tschiersch, J. and Tsibranski, R. and Tzortzis, M. and Ungar, K. and Vidic, A. and Weller, A. and Wershofen, H. and Zagyvai, P. and Zalewska, T. and Zapata García, D. and Zorko, B.",
year = "2019",
abstract = "In October 2017, most European countries reported unique atmospheric detections of aerosol-bound radioruthenium (106Ru). The range of concentrations varied from some tenths of µBq·m−3 to more than 150 mBq·m−3. The widespread detection at such considerable (yet innocuous) levels suggested a considerable release. To compare activity reports of airborne 106Ru with different sampling periods, concentrations were reconstructed based on the most probable plume presence duration at each location. Based on airborne concentration spreading and chemical considerations, it is possible to assume that the release occurred in the Southern Urals region (Russian Federation). The 106Ru age was estimated to be about 2 years. It exhibited highly soluble and less soluble fractions in aqueous media, high radiopurity (lack of concomitant radionuclides), and volatility between 700 and 1,000 °C, thus suggesting a release at an advanced stage in the reprocessing of nuclear fuel. The amount and isotopic characteristics of the radioruthenium release may indicate a context with the production of a large 144Ce source for a neutrino experiment.",
journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
title = "Airborne concentrations and chemical considerations of radioactive ruthenium from an undeclared major nuclear release in 2017",
volume = "116",
number = "34",
pages = "16750-16759",
doi = "10.1073/pnas.1907571116"
}

Masson, O., Steinhauser, G., Zok, D., Saunier, O., Angelov, H., Babić, D., Bečková, V., Bieringer, J., Bruggeman, M., Burbidge, C. I., Conil, S., Dalheimer, A., De Geer, L.-E., de Vismes Ott, A., Eleftheriadis, K., Estier, S., Fischer, H., Garavaglia, M. G., Gasco Leonarte, C., Gorzkiewicz, K., Hainz, D., Hoffman, I., Hýža, M., Isajenko, K., Karhunen, T., Kastlander, J., Katzlberger, C., Kierepko, R., Knetsch, G.-J., Kövendiné Kónyi, J., Lecomte, M., Mietelski, J. W., Min, P., Møller, B., Nielsen, S. P., Nikolić, J. D., Nikolovska, L., Penev, I., Petrinec, B., Povinec, P. P., Querfeld, R., Raimondi, O., Ransby, D., Ringer, W., Romanenko, O., Rusconi, R., Saey, P. R. J., Samsonov, V., Šilobritienė, B., Simion, E., Söderström, C., Šoštarić, M., Steinkopff, T., Steinmann, P., Sýkora, I., Tabachnyi, L., Todorovic, D., Tomankiewicz, E., Tschiersch, J., Tsibranski, R., Tzortzis, M., Ungar, K., Vidic, A., Weller, A., Wershofen, H., Zagyvai, P., Zalewska, T., Zapata García, D.,& Zorko, B.. (2019). Airborne concentrations and chemical considerations of radioactive ruthenium from an undeclared major nuclear release in 2017. in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(34), 16750-16759.
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1907571116

Masson O, Steinhauser G, Zok D, Saunier O, Angelov H, Babić D, Bečková V, Bieringer J, Bruggeman M, Burbidge CI, Conil S, Dalheimer A, De Geer L, de Vismes Ott A, Eleftheriadis K, Estier S, Fischer H, Garavaglia MG, Gasco Leonarte C, Gorzkiewicz K, Hainz D, Hoffman I, Hýža M, Isajenko K, Karhunen T, Kastlander J, Katzlberger C, Kierepko R, Knetsch G, Kövendiné Kónyi J, Lecomte M, Mietelski JW, Min P, Møller B, Nielsen SP, Nikolić JD, Nikolovska L, Penev I, Petrinec B, Povinec PP, Querfeld R, Raimondi O, Ransby D, Ringer W, Romanenko O, Rusconi R, Saey PRJ, Samsonov V, Šilobritienė B, Simion E, Söderström C, Šoštarić M, Steinkopff T, Steinmann P, Sýkora I, Tabachnyi L, Todorovic D, Tomankiewicz E, Tschiersch J, Tsibranski R, Tzortzis M, Ungar K, Vidic A, Weller A, Wershofen H, Zagyvai P, Zalewska T, Zapata García D, Zorko B. Airborne concentrations and chemical considerations of radioactive ruthenium from an undeclared major nuclear release in 2017. in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2019;116(34):16750-16759.
doi:10.1073/pnas.1907571116 .

Masson, O., Steinhauser, Georg, Zok, D., Saunier, O., Angelov, H., Babić, D., Bečková, V., Bieringer, J., Bruggeman, M., Burbidge, C. I., Conil, S., Dalheimer, A., De Geer, L.-E., de Vismes Ott, A., Eleftheriadis, K., Estier, S., Fischer, H., Garavaglia, M. G., Gasco Leonarte, C., Gorzkiewicz, K., Hainz, D., Hoffman, I., Hýža, M., Isajenko, K., Karhunen, T., Kastlander, J., Katzlberger, C., Kierepko, R., Knetsch, G.-J., Kövendiné Kónyi, J., Lecomte, M., Mietelski, J. W., Min, P., Møller, B., Nielsen, S. P., Nikolić, Jelena D., Nikolovska, L., Penev, I., Petrinec, B., Povinec, P. P., Querfeld, R., Raimondi, O., Ransby, Daniela, Ringer, W., Romanenko, O., Rusconi, R., Saey, P. R. J., Samsonov, V., Šilobritienė, B., Simion, E., Söderström, C., Šoštarić, M., Steinkopff, T., Steinmann, P., Sýkora, I., Tabachnyi, L., Todorovic, D., Tomankiewicz, E., Tschiersch, J., Tsibranski, R., Tzortzis, M., Ungar, K., Vidic, A., Weller, A., Wershofen, H., Zagyvai, P., Zalewska, T., Zapata García, D., Zorko, B., "Airborne concentrations and chemical considerations of radioactive ruthenium from an undeclared major nuclear release in 2017" in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116, no. 34 (2019):16750-16759,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1907571116 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Masson, Olivier
AU  - Steinhauser, Georg
AU  - Wershofen, Herbert
AU  - Mietelski, Jerzy W.
AU  - Fischer, Helmut W.
AU  - Pourcelot, Laurent
AU  - Saunier, Olivier
AU  - Bieringer, Jacqueline
AU  - Steinkopff, Thomas
AU  - Hyža, Miroslav
AU  - Moller, Bredo
AU  - Bowyer, Theodore W.
AU  - Dalaka, Eleni
AU  - Dalheimer, Axel
AU  - De Vismes-Ott, Anne
AU  - Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos
AU  - Forte, M.
AU  - Gasco Leonarte, C.
AU  - Gorzkiewicz, K.
AU  - Homoki, Zsolt
AU  - Isajenko, Krzysztof A.
AU  - Karhunen, Tero
AU  - Katzlberger, Christian
AU  - Kierepko, Renata
AU  - Kovendine Konyi, J.
AU  - Mala, Helena
AU  - Krneta-Nikolić, Jelena D.
AU  - Povinec, Pavel Peter
AU  - Rajačić, Milica
AU  - Ringer, Wolfgang
AU  - Rulik, Petr
AU  - Rusconi, Rosella
AU  - Safrany, G.
AU  - Sykora, Ivan
AU  - Todorović, Dragana
AU  - Tschiersch, Jochen
AU  - Ungar, Kurt
AU  - Zorko, Benjamin
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.8b01810
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/7932
AB  - Traces of particulate radioactive iodine (I-131) were detected in the European atmosphere in January/February 2017. Concentrations of this nuclear fission product were very low, ranging 0.1 to 10 mu Bq m(-3) except at one location in western Russia where they reached up to several mBq m(-3). Detections have been reported continuously over an 8-week period by about 30 monitoring stations. We examine possible emission source apportionments and rank them considering their expected contribution in terms of orders of magnitude from typical routine releases: radiopharmaceutical production units > sewage sludge incinerators > nuclear power plants > spontaneous fission of uranium in soil. Inverse modeling simulations indicate that the widespread detections of I-131 resulted from the combination of multiple source releases. Among them, those from radiopharmaceutical production units remain the most likely. One of them is located in Western Russia and its estimated source term complies with authorized limits. Other existing sources related to I-131 use (medical purposes or sewage sludge incineration) can explain detections on a rather local scale. As an enhancing factor, the prevailing wintertime meteorological situations marked by strong temperature inversions led to poor dispersion conditions that resulted in higher concentrations exceeding usual detection limits in use within the informal Ring of Five (Ro5) monitoring network.
T2  - Environmental Science and Technology
T1  - Potential Source Apportionment and Meteorological Conditions Involved in Airborne 131 I Detections in January/February 2017 in Europe
VL  - 52
IS  - 15
SP  - 8488
EP  - 8500
DO  - 10.1021/acs.est.8b01810
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Masson, Olivier and Steinhauser, Georg and Wershofen, Herbert and Mietelski, Jerzy W. and Fischer, Helmut W. and Pourcelot, Laurent and Saunier, Olivier and Bieringer, Jacqueline and Steinkopff, Thomas and Hyža, Miroslav and Moller, Bredo and Bowyer, Theodore W. and Dalaka, Eleni and Dalheimer, Axel and De Vismes-Ott, Anne and Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos and Forte, M. and Gasco Leonarte, C. and Gorzkiewicz, K. and Homoki, Zsolt and Isajenko, Krzysztof A. and Karhunen, Tero and Katzlberger, Christian and Kierepko, Renata and Kovendine Konyi, J. and Mala, Helena and Krneta-Nikolić, Jelena D. and Povinec, Pavel Peter and Rajačić, Milica and Ringer, Wolfgang and Rulik, Petr and Rusconi, Rosella and Safrany, G. and Sykora, Ivan and Todorović, Dragana and Tschiersch, Jochen and Ungar, Kurt and Zorko, Benjamin",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Traces of particulate radioactive iodine (I-131) were detected in the European atmosphere in January/February 2017. Concentrations of this nuclear fission product were very low, ranging 0.1 to 10 mu Bq m(-3) except at one location in western Russia where they reached up to several mBq m(-3). Detections have been reported continuously over an 8-week period by about 30 monitoring stations. We examine possible emission source apportionments and rank them considering their expected contribution in terms of orders of magnitude from typical routine releases: radiopharmaceutical production units > sewage sludge incinerators > nuclear power plants > spontaneous fission of uranium in soil. Inverse modeling simulations indicate that the widespread detections of I-131 resulted from the combination of multiple source releases. Among them, those from radiopharmaceutical production units remain the most likely. One of them is located in Western Russia and its estimated source term complies with authorized limits. Other existing sources related to I-131 use (medical purposes or sewage sludge incineration) can explain detections on a rather local scale. As an enhancing factor, the prevailing wintertime meteorological situations marked by strong temperature inversions led to poor dispersion conditions that resulted in higher concentrations exceeding usual detection limits in use within the informal Ring of Five (Ro5) monitoring network.",
journal = "Environmental Science and Technology",
title = "Potential Source Apportionment and Meteorological Conditions Involved in Airborne 131 I Detections in January/February 2017 in Europe",
volume = "52",
number = "15",
pages = "8488-8500",
doi = "10.1021/acs.est.8b01810"
}

Masson, O., Steinhauser, G., Wershofen, H., Mietelski, J. W., Fischer, H. W., Pourcelot, L., Saunier, O., Bieringer, J., Steinkopff, T., Hyža, M., Moller, B., Bowyer, T. W., Dalaka, E., Dalheimer, A., De Vismes-Ott, A., Eleftheriadis, K., Forte, M., Gasco Leonarte, C., Gorzkiewicz, K., Homoki, Z., Isajenko, K. A., Karhunen, T., Katzlberger, C., Kierepko, R., Kovendine Konyi, J., Mala, H., Krneta-Nikolić, J. D., Povinec, P. P., Rajačić, M., Ringer, W., Rulik, P., Rusconi, R., Safrany, G., Sykora, I., Todorović, D., Tschiersch, J., Ungar, K.,& Zorko, B.. (2018). Potential Source Apportionment and Meteorological Conditions Involved in Airborne 131 I Detections in January/February 2017 in Europe. in Environmental Science and Technology, 52(15), 8488-8500.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b01810

Masson O, Steinhauser G, Wershofen H, Mietelski JW, Fischer HW, Pourcelot L, Saunier O, Bieringer J, Steinkopff T, Hyža M, Moller B, Bowyer TW, Dalaka E, Dalheimer A, De Vismes-Ott A, Eleftheriadis K, Forte M, Gasco Leonarte C, Gorzkiewicz K, Homoki Z, Isajenko KA, Karhunen T, Katzlberger C, Kierepko R, Kovendine Konyi J, Mala H, Krneta-Nikolić JD, Povinec PP, Rajačić M, Ringer W, Rulik P, Rusconi R, Safrany G, Sykora I, Todorović D, Tschiersch J, Ungar K, Zorko B. Potential Source Apportionment and Meteorological Conditions Involved in Airborne 131 I Detections in January/February 2017 in Europe. in Environmental Science and Technology. 2018;52(15):8488-8500.
doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b01810 .

Masson, Olivier, Steinhauser, Georg, Wershofen, Herbert, Mietelski, Jerzy W., Fischer, Helmut W., Pourcelot, Laurent, Saunier, Olivier, Bieringer, Jacqueline, Steinkopff, Thomas, Hyža, Miroslav, Moller, Bredo, Bowyer, Theodore W., Dalaka, Eleni, Dalheimer, Axel, De Vismes-Ott, Anne, Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos, Forte, M., Gasco Leonarte, C., Gorzkiewicz, K., Homoki, Zsolt, Isajenko, Krzysztof A., Karhunen, Tero, Katzlberger, Christian, Kierepko, Renata, Kovendine Konyi, J., Mala, Helena, Krneta-Nikolić, Jelena D., Povinec, Pavel Peter, Rajačić, Milica, Ringer, Wolfgang, Rulik, Petr, Rusconi, Rosella, Safrany, G., Sykora, Ivan, Todorović, Dragana, Tschiersch, Jochen, Ungar, Kurt, Zorko, Benjamin, "Potential Source Apportionment and Meteorological Conditions Involved in Airborne 131 I Detections in January/February 2017 in Europe" in Environmental Science and Technology, 52, no. 15 (2018):8488-8500,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b01810 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Masson, Olivier
AU  - Baeza, A.
AU  - Bieringer, Jacqueline
AU  - Brudecki, K.
AU  - Bucci, S.
AU  - Cappai, M.
AU  - Carvalho, F. P.
AU  - Connan, O.
AU  - Cosma, C.
AU  - Dalheimer, Axel
AU  - Didier, D.
AU  - Depuydt, G.
AU  - De Geer, L. E.
AU  - De Vismes, Anne
AU  - Gini, L.
AU  - Groppi, F.
AU  - Gudnason, K.
AU  - Gurriaran, R.
AU  - Hainz, D.
AU  - Halldorsson, O.
AU  - Hammond, D.
AU  - Hanley, O.
AU  - Holey, K.
AU  - Homoki, Zsolt
AU  - Ioannidou, A.
AU  - Isajenko, Krzysztof A.
AU  - Janković, Marija M.
AU  - Katzlberger, Christian
AU  - Kettunen, M.
AU  - Kierepko, Renata
AU  - Kontro, R.
AU  - Kwakman, P. J. M.
AU  - Lecomte, M.
AU  - Vintro, L. Leon
AU  - Leppanen, A-P
AU  - Lind, B.
AU  - Lujaniene, G.
AU  - Mc Ginnity, P.
AU  - Mc Mahon, C.
AU  - Mala, Helena
AU  - Manenti, S.
AU  - Manolopoulou, M.
AU  - Mattila, A.
AU  - Mauring, A.
AU  - Mietelski, Jerzy W.
AU  - Moller, Bredo
AU  - Nielsen, S. P.
AU  - Krneta-Nikolić, Jelena D.
AU  - Overwater, R. M. W.
AU  - Palsson, S. E.
AU  - Papastefanou, C.
AU  - Penev, I.
AU  - Pham, M. K.
AU  - Povinec, Pavel Peter
AU  - Rameback, H.
AU  - Reis, M. C.
AU  - Ringer, Wolfgang
AU  - Rodriguez, A.
AU  - Rulik, Petr
AU  - Saey, P. R. J.
AU  - Samsonov, V.
AU  - Schlosser, C.
AU  - Sgorbati, G.
AU  - Silobritiene, B. V.
AU  - Soderstrom, C.
AU  - Sogni, R.
AU  - Solier, L.
AU  - Sonck, M.
AU  - Steinhauser, Georg
AU  - Steinkopff, Thomas
AU  - Steinmann, P.
AU  - Stoulos, S.
AU  - Sykora, Ivan
AU  - Todorović, Dragana
AU  - Tooloutalaie, N.
AU  - Tositti, L.
AU  - Tschiersch, Jochen
AU  - Ugron, A.
AU  - Vagena, E.
AU  - Vargas, A.
AU  - Wershofen, Herbert
AU  - Zhukova, O.
PY  - 2011
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4477
AB  - Radioactive emissions into the atmosphere from the damaged reactors of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant (NPP) started on March 12th, 2011. Among the various radionuclides released, iodine-131 ((131)I) and cesium isotopes ((137)Cs and (134)Cs) were transported across the Pacific toward the North American continent and reached Europe despite dispersion and washout along the route of the contaminated air masses. In Europe, the first signs of the releases were detected 7 days later while the first peak of activity level was observed between March 28th and March 30th. Time variations over a 20-day period and spatial variations across more than 150 sampling locations in Europe made it possible to characterize the contaminated air masses. After the Chernobyl accident, only a few measurements of the gaseous (131)I fraction were conducted compared to the number of measurements for the particulate fraction. Several studies had already pointed out the importance of the gaseous (131)I and the large underestimation of the total (131)I airborne activity level, and subsequent calculations of inhalation dose, if neglected. The measurements made across Europe following the releases from the Fukushima NPP reactors have provided a significant amount of new data on the ratio of the gaseous (131)I fraction to total (131)I, both on a spatial scale and its temporal variation. It can be pointed out that during the Fukushima event, the (134)Cs to (137)Cs ratio proved to be different from that observed after the Chernobyl accident. The data set provided in this paper is the most comprehensive survey of the main relevant airborne radionuclides from the Fukushima reactors, measured across Europe. A rough estimate of the total (131)I inventory that has passed over Europe during this period was LT 1% of the released amount. According to the measurements, airborne activity levels remain of no concern for public health in Europe.
T2  - Environmental Science and Technology
T1  - Tracking of Airborne Radionuclides from the Damaged Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Reactors by European Networks
VL  - 45
IS  - 18
SP  - 7670
EP  - 7677
DO  - 10.1021/es2017158
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Masson, Olivier and Baeza, A. and Bieringer, Jacqueline and Brudecki, K. and Bucci, S. and Cappai, M. and Carvalho, F. P. and Connan, O. and Cosma, C. and Dalheimer, Axel and Didier, D. and Depuydt, G. and De Geer, L. E. and De Vismes, Anne and Gini, L. and Groppi, F. and Gudnason, K. and Gurriaran, R. and Hainz, D. and Halldorsson, O. and Hammond, D. and Hanley, O. and Holey, K. and Homoki, Zsolt and Ioannidou, A. and Isajenko, Krzysztof A. and Janković, Marija M. and Katzlberger, Christian and Kettunen, M. and Kierepko, Renata and Kontro, R. and Kwakman, P. J. M. and Lecomte, M. and Vintro, L. Leon and Leppanen, A-P and Lind, B. and Lujaniene, G. and Mc Ginnity, P. and Mc Mahon, C. and Mala, Helena and Manenti, S. and Manolopoulou, M. and Mattila, A. and Mauring, A. and Mietelski, Jerzy W. and Moller, Bredo and Nielsen, S. P. and Krneta-Nikolić, Jelena D. and Overwater, R. M. W. and Palsson, S. E. and Papastefanou, C. and Penev, I. and Pham, M. K. and Povinec, Pavel Peter and Rameback, H. and Reis, M. C. and Ringer, Wolfgang and Rodriguez, A. and Rulik, Petr and Saey, P. R. J. and Samsonov, V. and Schlosser, C. and Sgorbati, G. and Silobritiene, B. V. and Soderstrom, C. and Sogni, R. and Solier, L. and Sonck, M. and Steinhauser, Georg and Steinkopff, Thomas and Steinmann, P. and Stoulos, S. and Sykora, Ivan and Todorović, Dragana and Tooloutalaie, N. and Tositti, L. and Tschiersch, Jochen and Ugron, A. and Vagena, E. and Vargas, A. and Wershofen, Herbert and Zhukova, O.",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Radioactive emissions into the atmosphere from the damaged reactors of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant (NPP) started on March 12th, 2011. Among the various radionuclides released, iodine-131 ((131)I) and cesium isotopes ((137)Cs and (134)Cs) were transported across the Pacific toward the North American continent and reached Europe despite dispersion and washout along the route of the contaminated air masses. In Europe, the first signs of the releases were detected 7 days later while the first peak of activity level was observed between March 28th and March 30th. Time variations over a 20-day period and spatial variations across more than 150 sampling locations in Europe made it possible to characterize the contaminated air masses. After the Chernobyl accident, only a few measurements of the gaseous (131)I fraction were conducted compared to the number of measurements for the particulate fraction. Several studies had already pointed out the importance of the gaseous (131)I and the large underestimation of the total (131)I airborne activity level, and subsequent calculations of inhalation dose, if neglected. The measurements made across Europe following the releases from the Fukushima NPP reactors have provided a significant amount of new data on the ratio of the gaseous (131)I fraction to total (131)I, both on a spatial scale and its temporal variation. It can be pointed out that during the Fukushima event, the (134)Cs to (137)Cs ratio proved to be different from that observed after the Chernobyl accident. The data set provided in this paper is the most comprehensive survey of the main relevant airborne radionuclides from the Fukushima reactors, measured across Europe. A rough estimate of the total (131)I inventory that has passed over Europe during this period was LT 1% of the released amount. According to the measurements, airborne activity levels remain of no concern for public health in Europe.",
journal = "Environmental Science and Technology",
title = "Tracking of Airborne Radionuclides from the Damaged Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Reactors by European Networks",
volume = "45",
number = "18",
pages = "7670-7677",
doi = "10.1021/es2017158"
}

Masson, O., Baeza, A., Bieringer, J., Brudecki, K., Bucci, S., Cappai, M., Carvalho, F. P., Connan, O., Cosma, C., Dalheimer, A., Didier, D., Depuydt, G., De Geer, L. E., De Vismes, A., Gini, L., Groppi, F., Gudnason, K., Gurriaran, R., Hainz, D., Halldorsson, O., Hammond, D., Hanley, O., Holey, K., Homoki, Z., Ioannidou, A., Isajenko, K. A., Janković, M. M., Katzlberger, C., Kettunen, M., Kierepko, R., Kontro, R., Kwakman, P. J. M., Lecomte, M., Vintro, L. L., Leppanen, A., Lind, B., Lujaniene, G., Mc Ginnity, P., Mc Mahon, C., Mala, H., Manenti, S., Manolopoulou, M., Mattila, A., Mauring, A., Mietelski, J. W., Moller, B., Nielsen, S. P., Krneta-Nikolić, J. D., Overwater, R. M. W., Palsson, S. E., Papastefanou, C., Penev, I., Pham, M. K., Povinec, P. P., Rameback, H., Reis, M. C., Ringer, W., Rodriguez, A., Rulik, P., Saey, P. R. J., Samsonov, V., Schlosser, C., Sgorbati, G., Silobritiene, B. V., Soderstrom, C., Sogni, R., Solier, L., Sonck, M., Steinhauser, G., Steinkopff, T., Steinmann, P., Stoulos, S., Sykora, I., Todorović, D., Tooloutalaie, N., Tositti, L., Tschiersch, J., Ugron, A., Vagena, E., Vargas, A., Wershofen, H.,& Zhukova, O.. (2011). Tracking of Airborne Radionuclides from the Damaged Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Reactors by European Networks. in Environmental Science and Technology, 45(18), 7670-7677.
https://doi.org/10.1021/es2017158

Masson O, Baeza A, Bieringer J, Brudecki K, Bucci S, Cappai M, Carvalho FP, Connan O, Cosma C, Dalheimer A, Didier D, Depuydt G, De Geer LE, De Vismes A, Gini L, Groppi F, Gudnason K, Gurriaran R, Hainz D, Halldorsson O, Hammond D, Hanley O, Holey K, Homoki Z, Ioannidou A, Isajenko KA, Janković MM, Katzlberger C, Kettunen M, Kierepko R, Kontro R, Kwakman PJM, Lecomte M, Vintro LL, Leppanen A, Lind B, Lujaniene G, Mc Ginnity P, Mc Mahon C, Mala H, Manenti S, Manolopoulou M, Mattila A, Mauring A, Mietelski JW, Moller B, Nielsen SP, Krneta-Nikolić JD, Overwater RMW, Palsson SE, Papastefanou C, Penev I, Pham MK, Povinec PP, Rameback H, Reis MC, Ringer W, Rodriguez A, Rulik P, Saey PRJ, Samsonov V, Schlosser C, Sgorbati G, Silobritiene BV, Soderstrom C, Sogni R, Solier L, Sonck M, Steinhauser G, Steinkopff T, Steinmann P, Stoulos S, Sykora I, Todorović D, Tooloutalaie N, Tositti L, Tschiersch J, Ugron A, Vagena E, Vargas A, Wershofen H, Zhukova O. Tracking of Airborne Radionuclides from the Damaged Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Reactors by European Networks. in Environmental Science and Technology. 2011;45(18):7670-7677.
doi:10.1021/es2017158 .

Masson, Olivier, Baeza, A., Bieringer, Jacqueline, Brudecki, K., Bucci, S., Cappai, M., Carvalho, F. P., Connan, O., Cosma, C., Dalheimer, Axel, Didier, D., Depuydt, G., De Geer, L. E., De Vismes, Anne, Gini, L., Groppi, F., Gudnason, K., Gurriaran, R., Hainz, D., Halldorsson, O., Hammond, D., Hanley, O., Holey, K., Homoki, Zsolt, Ioannidou, A., Isajenko, Krzysztof A., Janković, Marija M., Katzlberger, Christian, Kettunen, M., Kierepko, Renata, Kontro, R., Kwakman, P. J. M., Lecomte, M., Vintro, L. Leon, Leppanen, A-P, Lind, B., Lujaniene, G., Mc Ginnity, P., Mc Mahon, C., Mala, Helena, Manenti, S., Manolopoulou, M., Mattila, A., Mauring, A., Mietelski, Jerzy W., Moller, Bredo, Nielsen, S. P., Krneta-Nikolić, Jelena D., Overwater, R. M. W., Palsson, S. E., Papastefanou, C., Penev, I., Pham, M. K., Povinec, Pavel Peter, Rameback, H., Reis, M. C., Ringer, Wolfgang, Rodriguez, A., Rulik, Petr, Saey, P. R. J., Samsonov, V., Schlosser, C., Sgorbati, G., Silobritiene, B. V., Soderstrom, C., Sogni, R., Solier, L., Sonck, M., Steinhauser, Georg, Steinkopff, Thomas, Steinmann, P., Stoulos, S., Sykora, Ivan, Todorović, Dragana, Tooloutalaie, N., Tositti, L., Tschiersch, Jochen, Ugron, A., Vagena, E., Vargas, A., Wershofen, Herbert, Zhukova, O., "Tracking of Airborne Radionuclides from the Damaged Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Reactors by European Networks" in Environmental Science and Technology, 45, no. 18 (2011):7670-7677,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es2017158 . .