TY  - JOUR
AU  - Obradović, Milan M.
AU  - Zarić, Božidarka
AU  - Sudar-Milovanović, Emina
AU  - Ilinčić, Branislava
AU  - Stokić, Edita
AU  - Perović, Milan
AU  - Isenović, Esma R.
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://www.eurekaselect.com/158061/article
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/7916
AB  - Despite the intensive research and progress in modern pharmacotherapy, hypercholesterolemia and related cardiovascular complications remain one of the leading causes of mortality and disability in the modern world. A significant contribution to the treatment of hypercholesterolemia was made by the discovery of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). This enzyme is responsible for the degradation of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor (LDLR) found at the surface of the plasma membrane in the liver and directly associated with serum LDL level. Limitations in standard therapy used in the treatment of lipid disorders have led to the development of new drugs, such as an inhibitor of PCSK9. Over the past years, the greatest achievement in discovering the PCSK9 inhibitor was made by designing monoclonal antibodies that disable PCSK9 to bind LDLR and RNA interference to reduce PCSK9 production, but one of the main disadvantages is costeffectiveness. In this review, we will summarize the most recent findings of basic and clinical studies which focus on PCSK9 function, regulation and therapeutic target for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and associated cardiovascular diseases.
T2  - Current Drug Targets
T1  - PCSK9 and Hypercholesterolemia: Therapeutic Approach
VL  - 19
IS  - 9
SP  - 1058
EP  - 1067
DO  - 10.2174/1389450119666171205101401
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Obradović, Milan M. and Zarić, Božidarka and Sudar-Milovanović, Emina and Ilinčić, Branislava and Stokić, Edita and Perović, Milan and Isenović, Esma R.",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Despite the intensive research and progress in modern pharmacotherapy, hypercholesterolemia and related cardiovascular complications remain one of the leading causes of mortality and disability in the modern world. A significant contribution to the treatment of hypercholesterolemia was made by the discovery of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). This enzyme is responsible for the degradation of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor (LDLR) found at the surface of the plasma membrane in the liver and directly associated with serum LDL level. Limitations in standard therapy used in the treatment of lipid disorders have led to the development of new drugs, such as an inhibitor of PCSK9. Over the past years, the greatest achievement in discovering the PCSK9 inhibitor was made by designing monoclonal antibodies that disable PCSK9 to bind LDLR and RNA interference to reduce PCSK9 production, but one of the main disadvantages is costeffectiveness. In this review, we will summarize the most recent findings of basic and clinical studies which focus on PCSK9 function, regulation and therapeutic target for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and associated cardiovascular diseases.",
journal = "Current Drug Targets",
title = "PCSK9 and Hypercholesterolemia: Therapeutic Approach",
volume = "19",
number = "9",
pages = "1058-1067",
doi = "10.2174/1389450119666171205101401"
}

Obradović, M. M., Zarić, B., Sudar-Milovanović, E., Ilinčić, B., Stokić, E., Perović, M.,& Isenović, E. R.. (2018). PCSK9 and Hypercholesterolemia: Therapeutic Approach. in Current Drug Targets, 19(9), 1058-1067.
https://doi.org/10.2174/1389450119666171205101401

Obradović MM, Zarić B, Sudar-Milovanović E, Ilinčić B, Stokić E, Perović M, Isenović ER. PCSK9 and Hypercholesterolemia: Therapeutic Approach. in Current Drug Targets. 2018;19(9):1058-1067.
doi:10.2174/1389450119666171205101401 .

Obradović, Milan M., Zarić, Božidarka, Sudar-Milovanović, Emina, Ilinčić, Branislava, Stokić, Edita, Perović, Milan, Isenović, Esma R., "PCSK9 and Hypercholesterolemia: Therapeutic Approach" in Current Drug Targets, 19, no. 9 (2018):1058-1067,
https://doi.org/10.2174/1389450119666171205101401 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stokić, Edita
AU  - Romani, Andrea
AU  - Ilinčić, Branislava
AU  - Kupusinac, Aleksandar
AU  - Stošić, Zoran
AU  - Isenović, Esma R.
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://www.eurekaselect.com/155079/article
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/7951
AB  - Background: Obesity and micronutrient deficiencies contribute to the risk of cardiometabolic diseases such are type 2 diabetes mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). Objective: We examined the frequency of concomitant deficit of Magnesium (Mg) and vitamin D in obese patients and evaluated the connection of these combined deficiencies with indicators of cardiometabolic risk in non-diabetic subjects. Methods: Non-diabetic middle aged adults (n = 80; mean age 36 +/- 4 years, 52% women) were recruited based on weight/adiposity parameters {[}i.e. Body Mass Index (BMI) and body fat percentage (FAT%)]. Cardiometabolic risk indicators {[}insulin resistance (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)) and CVD risk (Framingham risk score for predicting 10-year CVD)], Mg status (i.e. total serum Mg concentration (TMg), Chronic Latent Mg Deficiency (CLMD) -0.75-0.85 mmol/L), vitamin D status (i.e. serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D), vitamin D deficiency < 50 nmol/l) were assessed. Results: Among obese subjects 36% presented a combination of vitamin D deficiency and CLMD. In all studied patients, 25(OH) D and TMg levels both, individually and combined, showed a negative linear correlation with HOMA-IR and CVD risk. In subjects with CLMD (TMg < 0.85 mmol/L), a negative linear coefficient was found between 25(OH) D and, HOMA-IR and CVD risk, compared with subjects with normal TMg status (TMg >= 0.85 mmol/L). Conclusion: CLMD and vitamin D deficiency may commonly be present in obese non-diabetic subjects. Individually and combined, both deficiencies predispose non-diabetic patients to increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Maintaining normal Mg status may improve the beneficial effects of vitamin D on cardiometabolic risk indicators.
T2  - Current Vascular Pharmacology
T1  - Chronic Latent Magnesium Deficiency in Obesity Decreases Positive Effects of Vitamin D on Cardiometabolic Risk Indicators
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
SP  - 610
EP  - 617
DO  - 10.2174/1570161115666170821154841
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Stokić, Edita and Romani, Andrea and Ilinčić, Branislava and Kupusinac, Aleksandar and Stošić, Zoran and Isenović, Esma R.",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Background: Obesity and micronutrient deficiencies contribute to the risk of cardiometabolic diseases such are type 2 diabetes mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). Objective: We examined the frequency of concomitant deficit of Magnesium (Mg) and vitamin D in obese patients and evaluated the connection of these combined deficiencies with indicators of cardiometabolic risk in non-diabetic subjects. Methods: Non-diabetic middle aged adults (n = 80; mean age 36 +/- 4 years, 52% women) were recruited based on weight/adiposity parameters {[}i.e. Body Mass Index (BMI) and body fat percentage (FAT%)]. Cardiometabolic risk indicators {[}insulin resistance (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)) and CVD risk (Framingham risk score for predicting 10-year CVD)], Mg status (i.e. total serum Mg concentration (TMg), Chronic Latent Mg Deficiency (CLMD) -0.75-0.85 mmol/L), vitamin D status (i.e. serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D), vitamin D deficiency < 50 nmol/l) were assessed. Results: Among obese subjects 36% presented a combination of vitamin D deficiency and CLMD. In all studied patients, 25(OH) D and TMg levels both, individually and combined, showed a negative linear correlation with HOMA-IR and CVD risk. In subjects with CLMD (TMg < 0.85 mmol/L), a negative linear coefficient was found between 25(OH) D and, HOMA-IR and CVD risk, compared with subjects with normal TMg status (TMg >= 0.85 mmol/L). Conclusion: CLMD and vitamin D deficiency may commonly be present in obese non-diabetic subjects. Individually and combined, both deficiencies predispose non-diabetic patients to increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Maintaining normal Mg status may improve the beneficial effects of vitamin D on cardiometabolic risk indicators.",
journal = "Current Vascular Pharmacology",
title = "Chronic Latent Magnesium Deficiency in Obesity Decreases Positive Effects of Vitamin D on Cardiometabolic Risk Indicators",
volume = "16",
number = "6",
pages = "610-617",
doi = "10.2174/1570161115666170821154841"
}

Stokić, E., Romani, A., Ilinčić, B., Kupusinac, A., Stošić, Z.,& Isenović, E. R.. (2018). Chronic Latent Magnesium Deficiency in Obesity Decreases Positive Effects of Vitamin D on Cardiometabolic Risk Indicators. in Current Vascular Pharmacology, 16(6), 610-617.
https://doi.org/10.2174/1570161115666170821154841

Stokić E, Romani A, Ilinčić B, Kupusinac A, Stošić Z, Isenović ER. Chronic Latent Magnesium Deficiency in Obesity Decreases Positive Effects of Vitamin D on Cardiometabolic Risk Indicators. in Current Vascular Pharmacology. 2018;16(6):610-617.
doi:10.2174/1570161115666170821154841 .

Stokić, Edita, Romani, Andrea, Ilinčić, Branislava, Kupusinac, Aleksandar, Stošić, Zoran, Isenović, Esma R., "Chronic Latent Magnesium Deficiency in Obesity Decreases Positive Effects of Vitamin D on Cardiometabolic Risk Indicators" in Current Vascular Pharmacology, 16, no. 6 (2018):610-617,
https://doi.org/10.2174/1570161115666170821154841 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ilinčić, Branislava
AU  - Stokić, Edita
AU  - Stošić, Zoran
AU  - Kojić, Nevena Eremic
AU  - Katsiki, Niki
AU  - Mikhailidis, Dimitri P.
AU  - Isenović, Esma R.
PY  - 2017
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1371
AB  - Introduction: Obesity and inadequate vitamin D status are associated with endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. We evaluated the associations between vitamin D status (i.e. serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)), biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction (i.e. serum concentrations of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) and soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin)), inflammatory markers (i.e. high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and fibrinogen) and cardiometabolic risk factors. Material and methods: Fifty obese (body mass index (BMI) GT = 30 kg/m(2)) non-diabetic adults (mean age: 36.2 +/- 5.4 years) without pre-existing cardiovascular abnormalities and 25 clinically healthy, normal weight and age matched individuals were included. Anthropometric parameters, markers of glucose and lipid metabolism, and serum levels of inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction biomarkers were assessed in all subjects. Results: The mean serum 25(OH)D level was significantly lower in the obese group than in controls (33.5 +/- 15.2 vs. 60.1 +/- 23.1 nmol/l; p LT 0.001). In the obese group, sE-selectin (36.4 (32.1-47.2) vs. 32.4 (24.6-35.5) ng/ml, p LT 0.05) and hsCRP (6.0 +/- 3.4 vs. 3.5 1.0 mg/l, p LT 0.05) were significantly higher in individuals with lower than median vitamin D levels (i.e. 31 nmol/l) compared with those with higher vitamin D levels. In multivariable linear regression analysis, hsCRP (beta = 0.43; p LT 0.001) and sE-selectin (beta = 0.30; p = 0.03) were independently and significantly associated with serum 25(OH)D levels in the obese group. Conclusions: Vitamin D levels may be related to increased levels of biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in obese non-diabetic individuals.
T2  - Archives of Medical Science
T1  - Vitamin D status and circulating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in non-diabetic obese individuals: a pilot study
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
SP  - 53
EP  - 60
DO  - 10.5114/aoms.2016.61812
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ilinčić, Branislava and Stokić, Edita and Stošić, Zoran and Kojić, Nevena Eremic and Katsiki, Niki and Mikhailidis, Dimitri P. and Isenović, Esma R.",
year = "2017",
abstract = "Introduction: Obesity and inadequate vitamin D status are associated with endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. We evaluated the associations between vitamin D status (i.e. serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)), biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction (i.e. serum concentrations of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) and soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin)), inflammatory markers (i.e. high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and fibrinogen) and cardiometabolic risk factors. Material and methods: Fifty obese (body mass index (BMI) GT = 30 kg/m(2)) non-diabetic adults (mean age: 36.2 +/- 5.4 years) without pre-existing cardiovascular abnormalities and 25 clinically healthy, normal weight and age matched individuals were included. Anthropometric parameters, markers of glucose and lipid metabolism, and serum levels of inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction biomarkers were assessed in all subjects. Results: The mean serum 25(OH)D level was significantly lower in the obese group than in controls (33.5 +/- 15.2 vs. 60.1 +/- 23.1 nmol/l; p LT 0.001). In the obese group, sE-selectin (36.4 (32.1-47.2) vs. 32.4 (24.6-35.5) ng/ml, p LT 0.05) and hsCRP (6.0 +/- 3.4 vs. 3.5 1.0 mg/l, p LT 0.05) were significantly higher in individuals with lower than median vitamin D levels (i.e. 31 nmol/l) compared with those with higher vitamin D levels. In multivariable linear regression analysis, hsCRP (beta = 0.43; p LT 0.001) and sE-selectin (beta = 0.30; p = 0.03) were independently and significantly associated with serum 25(OH)D levels in the obese group. Conclusions: Vitamin D levels may be related to increased levels of biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in obese non-diabetic individuals.",
journal = "Archives of Medical Science",
title = "Vitamin D status and circulating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in non-diabetic obese individuals: a pilot study",
volume = "13",
number = "1",
pages = "53-60",
doi = "10.5114/aoms.2016.61812"
}

Ilinčić, B., Stokić, E., Stošić, Z., Kojić, N. E., Katsiki, N., Mikhailidis, D. P.,& Isenović, E. R.. (2017). Vitamin D status and circulating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in non-diabetic obese individuals: a pilot study. in Archives of Medical Science, 13(1), 53-60.
https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2016.61812

Ilinčić B, Stokić E, Stošić Z, Kojić NE, Katsiki N, Mikhailidis DP, Isenović ER. Vitamin D status and circulating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in non-diabetic obese individuals: a pilot study. in Archives of Medical Science. 2017;13(1):53-60.
doi:10.5114/aoms.2016.61812 .

Ilinčić, Branislava, Stokić, Edita, Stošić, Zoran, Kojić, Nevena Eremic, Katsiki, Niki, Mikhailidis, Dimitri P., Isenović, Esma R., "Vitamin D status and circulating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in non-diabetic obese individuals: a pilot study" in Archives of Medical Science, 13, no. 1 (2017):53-60,
https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2016.61812 . .