TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petrov, Nevena
AU  - Mladenović, Milica R.
AU  - Rudonja, Nedžad
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/12668
AB  - With the significant use of biomass for energy purposes, as the only CO2-neutral carbon-based renewable energy source, besides several well-known advantages, certain disadvantages appear. One of them is the possible increased emission of nitrogen oxides, NOx, which is especially pronounced with the usage of agricultural biomass. Given the available resources of this biomass and increasingly stringent legal norms regarding NOx emissions, this problem needs special attention, which is the topic of this paper. The paper presents: mechanisms of NOx formation and conversion of nitrogen from fuel during combustion, a brief overview of available methods for denitrification, both conventional and newer ones that have not yet come to industrial-scale application. NOx emissions from biomass combustion are mainly caused by fuel-bound nitrogen, which is especially present in biomass with a high content of bound nitrogen such as agricultural biomass. Therefore, the focus is on selective non-catalytic reduction, SNCR, as a secondary measure of denitrification. Theoretical bases of SNCR, presentation of SNCR reagents, main pathways of chemical reduction reactions for different reagents, and reaction kinetics are given. Also, the general bases for setting numerical SNCR reduction models and reviewing existing ones, as well as experimental results from the available literature, are presented. Finally, examples of industrial applications of SNCR reactors and general recommendations for the application of this denitrification measure are introduced.
T2  - Bulgarian Chemical Communications
T1  - SNCR in biomass combustion facilities: from theories to existing models
VL  - 55
IS  - 2
SP  - 141
EP  - 148
DO  - 10.34049/bcc.55.2.AESMT22-05
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Petrov, Nevena and Mladenović, Milica R. and Rudonja, Nedžad",
year = "2023",
abstract = "With the significant use of biomass for energy purposes, as the only CO2-neutral carbon-based renewable energy source, besides several well-known advantages, certain disadvantages appear. One of them is the possible increased emission of nitrogen oxides, NOx, which is especially pronounced with the usage of agricultural biomass. Given the available resources of this biomass and increasingly stringent legal norms regarding NOx emissions, this problem needs special attention, which is the topic of this paper. The paper presents: mechanisms of NOx formation and conversion of nitrogen from fuel during combustion, a brief overview of available methods for denitrification, both conventional and newer ones that have not yet come to industrial-scale application. NOx emissions from biomass combustion are mainly caused by fuel-bound nitrogen, which is especially present in biomass with a high content of bound nitrogen such as agricultural biomass. Therefore, the focus is on selective non-catalytic reduction, SNCR, as a secondary measure of denitrification. Theoretical bases of SNCR, presentation of SNCR reagents, main pathways of chemical reduction reactions for different reagents, and reaction kinetics are given. Also, the general bases for setting numerical SNCR reduction models and reviewing existing ones, as well as experimental results from the available literature, are presented. Finally, examples of industrial applications of SNCR reactors and general recommendations for the application of this denitrification measure are introduced.",
journal = "Bulgarian Chemical Communications",
title = "SNCR in biomass combustion facilities: from theories to existing models",
volume = "55",
number = "2",
pages = "141-148",
doi = "10.34049/bcc.55.2.AESMT22-05"
}

Petrov, N., Mladenović, M. R.,& Rudonja, N.. (2023). SNCR in biomass combustion facilities: from theories to existing models. in Bulgarian Chemical Communications, 55(2), 141-148.
https://doi.org/10.34049/bcc.55.2.AESMT22-05

Petrov N, Mladenović MR, Rudonja N. SNCR in biomass combustion facilities: from theories to existing models. in Bulgarian Chemical Communications. 2023;55(2):141-148.
doi:10.34049/bcc.55.2.AESMT22-05 .

Petrov, Nevena, Mladenović, Milica R., Rudonja, Nedžad, "SNCR in biomass combustion facilities: from theories to existing models" in Bulgarian Chemical Communications, 55, no. 2 (2023):141-148,
https://doi.org/10.34049/bcc.55.2.AESMT22-05 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Petrov, Nevena
AU  - Mladenović, Milica R.
AU  - Rudonja, Nedžad
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/12774
AB  - The paper addresses a potential problem related to biomass combustion, which is the increased emission of nitrogen oxides, especially pronounced with the usage of agricultural biomass. The paper presents: mechanisms of NOx formation and conversion of nitrogen from fuel during combustion, a brief overview of available methods for denitrification, both conventional and newer ones that have not yet come to industrial-scale application. The aim is to give an objective comparison of the available measures that correspond to the temperature range of biomass combustion. NOx emissions from biomass combustion are mainly caused by fuel-bound nitrogen, therefore the focus is on selective non-catalytic reduction, SNCR, as a secondary measure of denitrification. Main pathways of SNCR chemical reduction reactions for different reagents and reaction kinetics are given. Also, a comparison of SNCR with primary measures and other secondary measures is given, with the main advantages and disadvantages for each one of them.
PB  - Bulgaria, Sofia : Institute of Chemical Engineering Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
C3  - AESMT `22 : Fifth international Scientific Conference "Alternative Energy Sources, Materials and Technologies" : Proceedings
T1  - Guide for the SNCR and other deNOx measures in biomass facilities
VL  - 4
SP  - 75
EP  - 76
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12774
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Petrov, Nevena and Mladenović, Milica R. and Rudonja, Nedžad",
year = "2022",
abstract = "The paper addresses a potential problem related to biomass combustion, which is the increased emission of nitrogen oxides, especially pronounced with the usage of agricultural biomass. The paper presents: mechanisms of NOx formation and conversion of nitrogen from fuel during combustion, a brief overview of available methods for denitrification, both conventional and newer ones that have not yet come to industrial-scale application. The aim is to give an objective comparison of the available measures that correspond to the temperature range of biomass combustion. NOx emissions from biomass combustion are mainly caused by fuel-bound nitrogen, therefore the focus is on selective non-catalytic reduction, SNCR, as a secondary measure of denitrification. Main pathways of SNCR chemical reduction reactions for different reagents and reaction kinetics are given. Also, a comparison of SNCR with primary measures and other secondary measures is given, with the main advantages and disadvantages for each one of them.",
publisher = "Bulgaria, Sofia : Institute of Chemical Engineering Bulgarian Academy of Sciences",
journal = "AESMT `22 : Fifth international Scientific Conference "Alternative Energy Sources, Materials and Technologies" : Proceedings",
title = "Guide for the SNCR and other deNOx measures in biomass facilities",
volume = "4",
pages = "75-76",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12774"
}

Petrov, N., Mladenović, M. R.,& Rudonja, N.. (2022). Guide for the SNCR and other deNOx measures in biomass facilities. in AESMT `22 : Fifth international Scientific Conference "Alternative Energy Sources, Materials and Technologies" : Proceedings
Bulgaria, Sofia : Institute of Chemical Engineering Bulgarian Academy of Sciences., 4, 75-76.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12774

Petrov N, Mladenović MR, Rudonja N. Guide for the SNCR and other deNOx measures in biomass facilities. in AESMT `22 : Fifth international Scientific Conference "Alternative Energy Sources, Materials and Technologies" : Proceedings. 2022;4:75-76.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12774 .

Petrov, Nevena, Mladenović, Milica R., Rudonja, Nedžad, "Guide for the SNCR and other deNOx measures in biomass facilities" in AESMT `22 : Fifth international Scientific Conference "Alternative Energy Sources, Materials and Technologies" : Proceedings, 4 (2022):75-76,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12774 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Petrov, Nevena
AU  - Mladenović, Milica
AU  - Rudonja, Nedžad
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/12776
AB  - Biomass combustion has many advantages compared to fossil fuels due to reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, but several issues are present during biomass combustion. One that must always be considered is emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx), which have significant impact on the environment and health. At biomass combustion, main mechanism responsible for NOx emission is oxidation of fuel-bound nitrogen. Increased NOx emissions are particularly present at agricultural biomass combustion, due to its increased nitrogen content, which is further expressed by the use of nitrogen fertilizer. Denitrification methods are classified as pre-combustion, combustion control and post-combustion (flue gas treatment) methods. Aim of this paper is to provide insight in different flue gas denitrification methods (DeNOx measures) from the review of existing literature, with emphasis on post-combustion methods, since they have higher efficiency. Also, pre-combustion and combustion control methods at agricultural biomass combustion often do not provide reduction below emission standards. Selective catalytic (SCR) and selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR), wet scrubbing, adsorption, electron beam, electrochemical method, non-thermal plasma and microbial approach were considered. For each method, mechanism of NOx reduction is given and discussed, alongside with efficiency that could be achieved. Overall comparison of advantages and disadvantages for these methods is provided. Further research of denitrification and optimization of described methods, to overcome NOx emission problem is required. Application of these methods in commercial use and increasing their efficiency, while solving cost and methods disadvantages, is key for biomass to be used as a renewable energy source and fossil fuel replacement.
PB  - Belgrade : University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, The Institute for Agricurtural Engineering
C3  - ISAE 2021 : 5th international symposium on agricultural engineering : proceedings
T1  - Systems for flue gases treatment at the combustion of (agricultural) biomass
SP  - II-30
EP  - II-39
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12776
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Petrov, Nevena and Mladenović, Milica and Rudonja, Nedžad",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Biomass combustion has many advantages compared to fossil fuels due to reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, but several issues are present during biomass combustion. One that must always be considered is emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx), which have significant impact on the environment and health. At biomass combustion, main mechanism responsible for NOx emission is oxidation of fuel-bound nitrogen. Increased NOx emissions are particularly present at agricultural biomass combustion, due to its increased nitrogen content, which is further expressed by the use of nitrogen fertilizer. Denitrification methods are classified as pre-combustion, combustion control and post-combustion (flue gas treatment) methods. Aim of this paper is to provide insight in different flue gas denitrification methods (DeNOx measures) from the review of existing literature, with emphasis on post-combustion methods, since they have higher efficiency. Also, pre-combustion and combustion control methods at agricultural biomass combustion often do not provide reduction below emission standards. Selective catalytic (SCR) and selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR), wet scrubbing, adsorption, electron beam, electrochemical method, non-thermal plasma and microbial approach were considered. For each method, mechanism of NOx reduction is given and discussed, alongside with efficiency that could be achieved. Overall comparison of advantages and disadvantages for these methods is provided. Further research of denitrification and optimization of described methods, to overcome NOx emission problem is required. Application of these methods in commercial use and increasing their efficiency, while solving cost and methods disadvantages, is key for biomass to be used as a renewable energy source and fossil fuel replacement.",
publisher = "Belgrade : University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, The Institute for Agricurtural Engineering",
journal = "ISAE 2021 : 5th international symposium on agricultural engineering : proceedings",
title = "Systems for flue gases treatment at the combustion of (agricultural) biomass",
pages = "II-30-II-39",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12776"
}

Petrov, N., Mladenović, M.,& Rudonja, N.. (2021). Systems for flue gases treatment at the combustion of (agricultural) biomass. in ISAE 2021 : 5th international symposium on agricultural engineering : proceedings
Belgrade : University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, The Institute for Agricurtural Engineering., II-30-II-39.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12776

Petrov N, Mladenović M, Rudonja N. Systems for flue gases treatment at the combustion of (agricultural) biomass. in ISAE 2021 : 5th international symposium on agricultural engineering : proceedings. 2021;:II-30-II-39.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12776 .

Petrov, Nevena, Mladenović, Milica, Rudonja, Nedžad, "Systems for flue gases treatment at the combustion of (agricultural) biomass" in ISAE 2021 : 5th international symposium on agricultural engineering : proceedings (2021):II-30-II-39,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12776 .