TY  - JOUR
AU  - Janjatović, Petar
AU  - Erić-Cekić, Olivera
AU  - Siđanin, Leposava
AU  - Balos, Sebastian
AU  - Dramićanin, Miroslav R.
AU  - Grbović-Novaković, Jasmina
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/9179
AB  - Austempered ductile iron (ADI) is an advanced cast iron material that has a broad field of application and, among others, it is used in contact and for conveyance of fluids. However, it is noticed that in contact with some fluids, especially water, ADI material becomes brittle. The most significant decrease is established for the elongation. However, the influence of water and the cause of this phenomenon is still not fully understood. For that reason, in this paper, the influence of different water concentrations in ethyl alcohol on the mechanical properties of ADI materials was studied. The test was performed on two different types of ADI materials in 0.2, 4, 10, and 100 vol.% water concentration environments, and in dry condition. It was found that even the smallest concentration of water (0.2 vol.%) causes formation of the embrittled zone at fracture surface. However, not all mechanical properties were affected equally and not all water concentrations have been critical. The highest deterioration was established in the elongation, followed by the ultimate tensile strength, while the proof strength was affected least.
T2  - Metals
T1  - The Effect of Water Concentration in Ethyl Alcohol on the Environmentally Assisted Embrittlement of Austempered Ductile Irons
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
SP  - 94
DO  - 10.3390/met11010094
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Janjatović, Petar and Erić-Cekić, Olivera and Siđanin, Leposava and Balos, Sebastian and Dramićanin, Miroslav R. and Grbović-Novaković, Jasmina and Rajnović, Dragan",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Austempered ductile iron (ADI) is an advanced cast iron material that has a broad field of application and, among others, it is used in contact and for conveyance of fluids. However, it is noticed that in contact with some fluids, especially water, ADI material becomes brittle. The most significant decrease is established for the elongation. However, the influence of water and the cause of this phenomenon is still not fully understood. For that reason, in this paper, the influence of different water concentrations in ethyl alcohol on the mechanical properties of ADI materials was studied. The test was performed on two different types of ADI materials in 0.2, 4, 10, and 100 vol.% water concentration environments, and in dry condition. It was found that even the smallest concentration of water (0.2 vol.%) causes formation of the embrittled zone at fracture surface. However, not all mechanical properties were affected equally and not all water concentrations have been critical. The highest deterioration was established in the elongation, followed by the ultimate tensile strength, while the proof strength was affected least.",
journal = "Metals",
title = "The Effect of Water Concentration in Ethyl Alcohol on the Environmentally Assisted Embrittlement of Austempered Ductile Irons",
volume = "11",
number = "1",
pages = "94",
doi = "10.3390/met11010094"
}

Janjatović, P., Erić-Cekić, O., Siđanin, L., Balos, S., Dramićanin, M. R., Grbović-Novaković, J.,& Rajnović, D.. (2021). The Effect of Water Concentration in Ethyl Alcohol on the Environmentally Assisted Embrittlement of Austempered Ductile Irons. in Metals, 11(1), 94.
https://doi.org/10.3390/met11010094

Janjatović P, Erić-Cekić O, Siđanin L, Balos S, Dramićanin MR, Grbović-Novaković J, Rajnović D. The Effect of Water Concentration in Ethyl Alcohol on the Environmentally Assisted Embrittlement of Austempered Ductile Irons. in Metals. 2021;11(1):94.
doi:10.3390/met11010094 .

Janjatović, Petar, Erić-Cekić, Olivera, Siđanin, Leposava, Balos, Sebastian, Dramićanin, Miroslav R., Grbović-Novaković, Jasmina, Rajnović, Dragan, "The Effect of Water Concentration in Ethyl Alcohol on the Environmentally Assisted Embrittlement of Austempered Ductile Irons" in Metals, 11, no. 1 (2021):94,
https://doi.org/10.3390/met11010094 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Balos, Sebastian
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Dramićanin, Miroslav
AU  - Labus, Danka
AU  - Erić-Cekić, Olivera
AU  - Grbović-Novaković, Jasmina
AU  - Siđanin, Leposava
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1128
AB  - In this paper, the wear rate of ferritic and pearlitic ductile iron, as well as three types of austempered ductile iron (ADI materials), austempered at 300, 350 and 400 degrees C is investigated. Two wear parameters were varied, wear load (0.5, 1.3, 2 kg) and grit paper abrasive grain size (P240, P500, P800). The hardness of ductile iron and stress-assisted phase transformation of retained austenite into martensite (SATRAM) phenomenon in ADI materials were found to play major roles in wear behaviour. The pronounced SATRAM phenomenon was detected for the most severe wear parameters. Another important factor in the occurrence of SATRAM phenomenon is the presence of metastable, low carbon-enriched retained austenite. As a consequence, the wear rate of ADI austempered at 400 degrees C is nearly equivalent to ADI austempered at 300 degrees C at medium and high loading with the coarsest abrasive paper grit tested (P240).
T2  - International Journal of Cast Metals Research
T1  - Abrasive wear behaviour of ADI material with various retained austenite content
VL  - 29
IS  - 4
SP  - 187
EP  - 193
DO  - 10.1080/13640461.2015.1125982
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Balos, Sebastian and Rajnović, Dragan and Dramićanin, Miroslav and Labus, Danka and Erić-Cekić, Olivera and Grbović-Novaković, Jasmina and Siđanin, Leposava",
year = "2016",
abstract = "In this paper, the wear rate of ferritic and pearlitic ductile iron, as well as three types of austempered ductile iron (ADI materials), austempered at 300, 350 and 400 degrees C is investigated. Two wear parameters were varied, wear load (0.5, 1.3, 2 kg) and grit paper abrasive grain size (P240, P500, P800). The hardness of ductile iron and stress-assisted phase transformation of retained austenite into martensite (SATRAM) phenomenon in ADI materials were found to play major roles in wear behaviour. The pronounced SATRAM phenomenon was detected for the most severe wear parameters. Another important factor in the occurrence of SATRAM phenomenon is the presence of metastable, low carbon-enriched retained austenite. As a consequence, the wear rate of ADI austempered at 400 degrees C is nearly equivalent to ADI austempered at 300 degrees C at medium and high loading with the coarsest abrasive paper grit tested (P240).",
journal = "International Journal of Cast Metals Research",
title = "Abrasive wear behaviour of ADI material with various retained austenite content",
volume = "29",
number = "4",
pages = "187-193",
doi = "10.1080/13640461.2015.1125982"
}

Balos, S., Rajnović, D., Dramićanin, M., Labus, D., Erić-Cekić, O., Grbović-Novaković, J.,& Siđanin, L.. (2016). Abrasive wear behaviour of ADI material with various retained austenite content. in International Journal of Cast Metals Research, 29(4), 187-193.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13640461.2015.1125982

Balos S, Rajnović D, Dramićanin M, Labus D, Erić-Cekić O, Grbović-Novaković J, Siđanin L. Abrasive wear behaviour of ADI material with various retained austenite content. in International Journal of Cast Metals Research. 2016;29(4):187-193.
doi:10.1080/13640461.2015.1125982 .

Balos, Sebastian, Rajnović, Dragan, Dramićanin, Miroslav, Labus, Danka, Erić-Cekić, Olivera, Grbović-Novaković, Jasmina, Siđanin, Leposava, "Abrasive wear behaviour of ADI material with various retained austenite content" in International Journal of Cast Metals Research, 29, no. 4 (2016):187-193,
https://doi.org/10.1080/13640461.2015.1125982 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Balos, Sebastian
AU  - Siđanin, Leposava
AU  - Erić-Cekić, Olivera
AU  - Grbović-Novaković, Jasmina
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/638
AB  - Austempered ductile iron (ADI) is an advanced type of heat treated ductile iron, having comparable mechanical properties as forged steels. However, it was found that in contact with water the mechanical properties of austempered ductile irons decrease, especially their ductility. Despite considerable scientific attention, the cause of this phenomenon remains unclear. Some authors suggested that hydrogen or small atom chemisorption causes the weakening of the surface atomic bonds. To get additional reliable data of that phenomenon, in this paper, two different types of austempered ductile irons were tensile tested in various environments, such as: argon, helium, hydrogen gas and water. It was found that only the hydrogen gas and water gave a statistically significant decrease in mechanical properties, i.e. cause embrittlement. Furthermore, the fracture surface analysis revealed that the morphology of the embrittled zone near the specimen surface shares similarities to the fatigue micro-containing striation-like lines, which indicates that the morphology of the brittle zone may be caused by cyclic local-chemisorption, micro-embrittlement and local-fracture. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
T2  - Materials Characterization
T1  - Tensile properties of ADI material in water and gaseous environments
VL  - 101
SP  - 26
EP  - 33
DO  - 10.1016/j.matchar.2015.01.001
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Rajnović, Dragan and Balos, Sebastian and Siđanin, Leposava and Erić-Cekić, Olivera and Grbović-Novaković, Jasmina",
year = "2015",
abstract = "Austempered ductile iron (ADI) is an advanced type of heat treated ductile iron, having comparable mechanical properties as forged steels. However, it was found that in contact with water the mechanical properties of austempered ductile irons decrease, especially their ductility. Despite considerable scientific attention, the cause of this phenomenon remains unclear. Some authors suggested that hydrogen or small atom chemisorption causes the weakening of the surface atomic bonds. To get additional reliable data of that phenomenon, in this paper, two different types of austempered ductile irons were tensile tested in various environments, such as: argon, helium, hydrogen gas and water. It was found that only the hydrogen gas and water gave a statistically significant decrease in mechanical properties, i.e. cause embrittlement. Furthermore, the fracture surface analysis revealed that the morphology of the embrittled zone near the specimen surface shares similarities to the fatigue micro-containing striation-like lines, which indicates that the morphology of the brittle zone may be caused by cyclic local-chemisorption, micro-embrittlement and local-fracture. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Materials Characterization",
title = "Tensile properties of ADI material in water and gaseous environments",
volume = "101",
pages = "26-33",
doi = "10.1016/j.matchar.2015.01.001"
}

Rajnović, D., Balos, S., Siđanin, L., Erić-Cekić, O.,& Grbović-Novaković, J.. (2015). Tensile properties of ADI material in water and gaseous environments. in Materials Characterization, 101, 26-33.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2015.01.001

Rajnović D, Balos S, Siđanin L, Erić-Cekić O, Grbović-Novaković J. Tensile properties of ADI material in water and gaseous environments. in Materials Characterization. 2015;101:26-33.
doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2015.01.001 .

Rajnović, Dragan, Balos, Sebastian, Siđanin, Leposava, Erić-Cekić, Olivera, Grbović-Novaković, Jasmina, "Tensile properties of ADI material in water and gaseous environments" in Materials Characterization, 101 (2015):26-33,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2015.01.001 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Eric, Olivera
AU  - Rajnović, Dragan
AU  - Zec, Slavica
AU  - Siđanin, Leposava
AU  - Jovanović, Milan T.
PY  - 2006
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3138
AB  - An investigation has been conducted on two austempered ductile irons alloyed with Cu and Cu+Ni, austenitized at 900 degrees C and austempered at 350 degrees C. The microstructure and fracture mode developed through these treatments have been identified by means of light and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Impact energy measurements were performed on un-notched Charpy specimens. The maximum value of retained austenite volume fraction observed in the material alloyed with Cu+Ni was higher than in that alloyed with Cu austenitized and austempered under the same conditions. This led to the material alloyed with Cu+Ni having higher impact energy and substantial plastic deformation. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
T2  - Materials Characterization
T1  - Microstructure and fracture of alloyed austempered ductile iron
VL  - 57
IS  - 4-5
SP  - 211
EP  - 217
DO  - 10.1016/j.matchar.2006.01.014
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Eric, Olivera and Rajnović, Dragan and Zec, Slavica and Siđanin, Leposava and Jovanović, Milan T.",
year = "2006",
abstract = "An investigation has been conducted on two austempered ductile irons alloyed with Cu and Cu+Ni, austenitized at 900 degrees C and austempered at 350 degrees C. The microstructure and fracture mode developed through these treatments have been identified by means of light and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. Impact energy measurements were performed on un-notched Charpy specimens. The maximum value of retained austenite volume fraction observed in the material alloyed with Cu+Ni was higher than in that alloyed with Cu austenitized and austempered under the same conditions. This led to the material alloyed with Cu+Ni having higher impact energy and substantial plastic deformation. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Materials Characterization",
title = "Microstructure and fracture of alloyed austempered ductile iron",
volume = "57",
number = "4-5",
pages = "211-217",
doi = "10.1016/j.matchar.2006.01.014"
}

Eric, O., Rajnović, D., Zec, S., Siđanin, L.,& Jovanović, M. T.. (2006). Microstructure and fracture of alloyed austempered ductile iron. in Materials Characterization, 57(4-5), 211-217.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2006.01.014

Eric O, Rajnović D, Zec S, Siđanin L, Jovanović MT. Microstructure and fracture of alloyed austempered ductile iron. in Materials Characterization. 2006;57(4-5):211-217.
doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2006.01.014 .

Eric, Olivera, Rajnović, Dragan, Zec, Slavica, Siđanin, Leposava, Jovanović, Milan T., "Microstructure and fracture of alloyed austempered ductile iron" in Materials Characterization, 57, no. 4-5 (2006):211-217,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2006.01.014 . .