TY  - JOUR
AU  - Savić, Danka A.
AU  - Knežević, Goran
AU  - Matić, Gordana
AU  - Damjanović, Svetozar S.
AU  - Spiric, Zeljko
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/554
AB  - A disturbed beta-endorphin system can be a part of the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression allostasis. Study subjects (N=392) included those with PTSD and/or (stress-induced) depression, and healthy controls with and without traumas. The aim of the study was to examine the network of relations centered around plasma beta-endorphin. The network included anxiety (as a personality trait), traumatic events, pain, aggressiveness, depressive symptoms, and three clusters of PTSD symptoms: intrusions, avoidance, and hyperarousal. Beta-endorphin was represented by individual mean from 13 time points (BEmean), reflecting the total amount of the peripherally secreted hormone, and the coefficient of variation (BEvar), calculated as the ratio of standard deviation to the mean, reflecting the hormones dynamics. BEvar correlated with all other variables, BEmean had no correlations. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine all interrelations (including their directions) of BEvar and the state/trait variables in the context of their entirety. The model revealed that hyperarousal and anxiety were the only direct agents of peripheral beta-endorphin fluctuations, mediating the effects of other variables. Traumatic events and intrusions act on BEvar via hyperarousal, while depressive symptoms, avoidance, and pain act via anxiety. Hyperarousal should be emphasized as the main agent not only because its effect on BEvar is larger than that of anxiety, but also because it increases anxiety itself (via avoidance and pain). All influences on BEvar are positive and they indicate long-term (sensitizing) effects (as opposed to direct stimulation, for example, by acute pain, anger, etc.). Relations apart from beta-endorphin are also discussed. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved,
T2  - Journal of Affective Disorders
T1  - Posttraumatic and depressive symptoms in beta-endorphin dynamics
VL  - 181
SP  - 61
EP  - 66
DO  - 10.1016/j.jad.2015.03.063
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Savić, Danka A. and Knežević, Goran and Matić, Gordana and Damjanović, Svetozar S. and Spiric, Zeljko",
year = "2015",
abstract = "A disturbed beta-endorphin system can be a part of the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression allostasis. Study subjects (N=392) included those with PTSD and/or (stress-induced) depression, and healthy controls with and without traumas. The aim of the study was to examine the network of relations centered around plasma beta-endorphin. The network included anxiety (as a personality trait), traumatic events, pain, aggressiveness, depressive symptoms, and three clusters of PTSD symptoms: intrusions, avoidance, and hyperarousal. Beta-endorphin was represented by individual mean from 13 time points (BEmean), reflecting the total amount of the peripherally secreted hormone, and the coefficient of variation (BEvar), calculated as the ratio of standard deviation to the mean, reflecting the hormones dynamics. BEvar correlated with all other variables, BEmean had no correlations. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine all interrelations (including their directions) of BEvar and the state/trait variables in the context of their entirety. The model revealed that hyperarousal and anxiety were the only direct agents of peripheral beta-endorphin fluctuations, mediating the effects of other variables. Traumatic events and intrusions act on BEvar via hyperarousal, while depressive symptoms, avoidance, and pain act via anxiety. Hyperarousal should be emphasized as the main agent not only because its effect on BEvar is larger than that of anxiety, but also because it increases anxiety itself (via avoidance and pain). All influences on BEvar are positive and they indicate long-term (sensitizing) effects (as opposed to direct stimulation, for example, by acute pain, anger, etc.). Relations apart from beta-endorphin are also discussed. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved,",
journal = "Journal of Affective Disorders",
title = "Posttraumatic and depressive symptoms in beta-endorphin dynamics",
volume = "181",
pages = "61-66",
doi = "10.1016/j.jad.2015.03.063"
}

Savić, D. A., Knežević, G., Matić, G., Damjanović, S. S.,& Spiric, Z.. (2015). Posttraumatic and depressive symptoms in beta-endorphin dynamics. in Journal of Affective Disorders, 181, 61-66.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.03.063

Savić DA, Knežević G, Matić G, Damjanović SS, Spiric Z. Posttraumatic and depressive symptoms in beta-endorphin dynamics. in Journal of Affective Disorders. 2015;181:61-66.
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.03.063 .

Savić, Danka A., Knežević, Goran, Matić, Gordana, Damjanović, Svetozar S., Spiric, Zeljko, "Posttraumatic and depressive symptoms in beta-endorphin dynamics" in Journal of Affective Disorders, 181 (2015):61-66,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.03.063 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matić, Gordana
AU  - Milutinovic, Danijela Vojnovic
AU  - Nestorov, Jelena
AU  - Elaković, Ivana
AU  - Jovanovic, Sanja Manitasevic
AU  - Elzaedi, Younis Mouftah
AU  - Perisic, Tatjana
AU  - Dunderski, Jadranka
AU  - Damjanović, Svetozar S.
AU  - Knežević, Goran
AU  - Spiric, Zeljko
AU  - Vermetten, Eric
AU  - Savić, Danka A.
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5909
AB  - Alterations in the number and functional status of mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR) may contribute to vulnerability to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Corticosteroid receptors are chaperoned by heat shock proteins Hsp90 and Hsp70. We examined relations between corticosteroid receptor and heat shock protein expression levels, and related them with war trauma exposure, PTSD and resilience to PTSD. Relative levels of MR. Hsp90 and Hsp70 were determined by immunoblotting in lymphocytes from war trauma-exposed men with current PTSD (current PTSD group, n=113), with lifetime PTSD (life-time PTSD group, n=61) and without PTSD (trauma control group, n=88), and from non-traumatized healthy controls (healthy control group, n=85). Between-group differences in MR, Hsp90 and Hsp70 levels and in MR/GR ratio were not observed. The level of MR was correlated with both Hsp90 and Hsp70 levels in trauma control and healthy control groups. On the other hand, GR level was correlated only with Hsp90 level, and this correlation was evident in current PTSD and trauma control groups. In conclusion, PTSD and exposure to trauma are not related to changes in lymphocyte MR, Hsp90 or Hsp70 levels, but may be associated with disturbances in corticosteroid receptors interaction with heat shock proteins. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
T2  - Psychiatry Research
T1  - Mineralocorticoid receptor and heat shock protein expression levels in peripheral lymphocytes from war trauma-exposed men with and without PTSD
VL  - 215
IS  - 2
SP  - 379
EP  - 385
DO  - 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.11.022
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Matić, Gordana and Milutinovic, Danijela Vojnovic and Nestorov, Jelena and Elaković, Ivana and Jovanovic, Sanja Manitasevic and Elzaedi, Younis Mouftah and Perisic, Tatjana and Dunderski, Jadranka and Damjanović, Svetozar S. and Knežević, Goran and Spiric, Zeljko and Vermetten, Eric and Savić, Danka A.",
year = "2014",
abstract = "Alterations in the number and functional status of mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR) may contribute to vulnerability to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Corticosteroid receptors are chaperoned by heat shock proteins Hsp90 and Hsp70. We examined relations between corticosteroid receptor and heat shock protein expression levels, and related them with war trauma exposure, PTSD and resilience to PTSD. Relative levels of MR. Hsp90 and Hsp70 were determined by immunoblotting in lymphocytes from war trauma-exposed men with current PTSD (current PTSD group, n=113), with lifetime PTSD (life-time PTSD group, n=61) and without PTSD (trauma control group, n=88), and from non-traumatized healthy controls (healthy control group, n=85). Between-group differences in MR, Hsp90 and Hsp70 levels and in MR/GR ratio were not observed. The level of MR was correlated with both Hsp90 and Hsp70 levels in trauma control and healthy control groups. On the other hand, GR level was correlated only with Hsp90 level, and this correlation was evident in current PTSD and trauma control groups. In conclusion, PTSD and exposure to trauma are not related to changes in lymphocyte MR, Hsp90 or Hsp70 levels, but may be associated with disturbances in corticosteroid receptors interaction with heat shock proteins. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Psychiatry Research",
title = "Mineralocorticoid receptor and heat shock protein expression levels in peripheral lymphocytes from war trauma-exposed men with and without PTSD",
volume = "215",
number = "2",
pages = "379-385",
doi = "10.1016/j.psychres.2013.11.022"
}

Matić, G., Milutinovic, D. V., Nestorov, J., Elaković, I., Jovanovic, S. M., Elzaedi, Y. M., Perisic, T., Dunderski, J., Damjanović, S. S., Knežević, G., Spiric, Z., Vermetten, E.,& Savić, D. A.. (2014). Mineralocorticoid receptor and heat shock protein expression levels in peripheral lymphocytes from war trauma-exposed men with and without PTSD. in Psychiatry Research, 215(2), 379-385.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2013.11.022

Matić G, Milutinovic DV, Nestorov J, Elaković I, Jovanovic SM, Elzaedi YM, Perisic T, Dunderski J, Damjanović SS, Knežević G, Spiric Z, Vermetten E, Savić DA. Mineralocorticoid receptor and heat shock protein expression levels in peripheral lymphocytes from war trauma-exposed men with and without PTSD. in Psychiatry Research. 2014;215(2):379-385.
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2013.11.022 .

Matić, Gordana, Milutinovic, Danijela Vojnovic, Nestorov, Jelena, Elaković, Ivana, Jovanovic, Sanja Manitasevic, Elzaedi, Younis Mouftah, Perisic, Tatjana, Dunderski, Jadranka, Damjanović, Svetozar S., Knežević, Goran, Spiric, Zeljko, Vermetten, Eric, Savić, Danka A., "Mineralocorticoid receptor and heat shock protein expression levels in peripheral lymphocytes from war trauma-exposed men with and without PTSD" in Psychiatry Research, 215, no. 2 (2014):379-385,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2013.11.022 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Matić, Gordana
AU  - Milutinovic, Danijela Vojnovic
AU  - Nestorov, Jelena
AU  - Elaković, Ivana
AU  - Jovanovic, Sanja Manitasevic
AU  - Perisic, Tatjana
AU  - Dunderski, Jadranka
AU  - Damjanović, Svetozar S.
AU  - Knežević, Goran
AU  - Spiric, Zeljko
AU  - Vermetten, Eric
AU  - Savić, Danka A.
PY  - 2013
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5429
AB  - Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been shown to be associated with altered glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activity. We studied the expression and functional properties of the receptor in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from non-traumatized healthy individuals (healthy controls; n = 85), and war trauma-exposed individuals with current PTSD (n = 113), with life-time PTSD (n = 61) and without PTSD (trauma controls; n = 88). The aim of the study was to distinguish the receptor alterations related to PTSD from those related to trauma itself or to resilience to PTSD. Methods: Functional status of the receptor was assessed by radioligand binding and lysozyme synthesis inhibition assays. The level of GR gene expression was measured by quantitative PCR and immunoblotting. Results: Current PTSD patients had the lowest, while trauma controls had the highest number of glucocorticoid binding sites (B-max) in PBMCs. Hormone-binding potential (B-max/K-D ratio) of the receptor was diminished in the current PTSD group in comparison to all other study groups. Correlation between B-max and K-D that normally exists in healthy individuals was decreased in the current PTSD group. Contrasting B-max data, GR protein level was lower in trauma controls than in participants with current or life-time PTSD. Conclusions: Current PTSD is characterized by reduced lymphocyte GR hormone-binding potential and by disturbed compensation between B-max and hormone-binding affinity. Resilience to PTSD is associated with enlarged fraction of the receptor molecules capable of hormone binding, within the total receptor molecule population in PBMCs. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
T2  - Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
T1  - Lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor expression level and hormone-binding properties differ between war trauma-exposed men with and without PTSD
VL  - 43
SP  - 238
EP  - 245
DO  - 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.01.005
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Matić, Gordana and Milutinovic, Danijela Vojnovic and Nestorov, Jelena and Elaković, Ivana and Jovanovic, Sanja Manitasevic and Perisic, Tatjana and Dunderski, Jadranka and Damjanović, Svetozar S. and Knežević, Goran and Spiric, Zeljko and Vermetten, Eric and Savić, Danka A.",
year = "2013",
abstract = "Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been shown to be associated with altered glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activity. We studied the expression and functional properties of the receptor in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from non-traumatized healthy individuals (healthy controls; n = 85), and war trauma-exposed individuals with current PTSD (n = 113), with life-time PTSD (n = 61) and without PTSD (trauma controls; n = 88). The aim of the study was to distinguish the receptor alterations related to PTSD from those related to trauma itself or to resilience to PTSD. Methods: Functional status of the receptor was assessed by radioligand binding and lysozyme synthesis inhibition assays. The level of GR gene expression was measured by quantitative PCR and immunoblotting. Results: Current PTSD patients had the lowest, while trauma controls had the highest number of glucocorticoid binding sites (B-max) in PBMCs. Hormone-binding potential (B-max/K-D ratio) of the receptor was diminished in the current PTSD group in comparison to all other study groups. Correlation between B-max and K-D that normally exists in healthy individuals was decreased in the current PTSD group. Contrasting B-max data, GR protein level was lower in trauma controls than in participants with current or life-time PTSD. Conclusions: Current PTSD is characterized by reduced lymphocyte GR hormone-binding potential and by disturbed compensation between B-max and hormone-binding affinity. Resilience to PTSD is associated with enlarged fraction of the receptor molecules capable of hormone binding, within the total receptor molecule population in PBMCs. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry",
title = "Lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor expression level and hormone-binding properties differ between war trauma-exposed men with and without PTSD",
volume = "43",
pages = "238-245",
doi = "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.01.005"
}

Matić, G., Milutinovic, D. V., Nestorov, J., Elaković, I., Jovanovic, S. M., Perisic, T., Dunderski, J., Damjanović, S. S., Knežević, G., Spiric, Z., Vermetten, E.,& Savić, D. A.. (2013). Lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor expression level and hormone-binding properties differ between war trauma-exposed men with and without PTSD. in Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 43, 238-245.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.01.005

Matić G, Milutinovic DV, Nestorov J, Elaković I, Jovanovic SM, Perisic T, Dunderski J, Damjanović SS, Knežević G, Spiric Z, Vermetten E, Savić DA. Lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor expression level and hormone-binding properties differ between war trauma-exposed men with and without PTSD. in Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 2013;43:238-245.
doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.01.005 .

Matić, Gordana, Milutinovic, Danijela Vojnovic, Nestorov, Jelena, Elaković, Ivana, Jovanovic, Sanja Manitasevic, Perisic, Tatjana, Dunderski, Jadranka, Damjanović, Svetozar S., Knežević, Goran, Spiric, Zeljko, Vermetten, Eric, Savić, Danka A., "Lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor expression level and hormone-binding properties differ between war trauma-exposed men with and without PTSD" in Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 43 (2013):238-245,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.01.005 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Savić, Danka A.
AU  - Knežević, Goran
AU  - Damjanović, Svetozar S.
AU  - Spiric, Zeljko
AU  - Matić, Gordana
PY  - 2012
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4879
AB  - Background: Studies of cortisol in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have yielded mixed results. We hypothesize that personality traits and traumatic experiences could be the confounders of cortisol measures and disease symptoms. Method: This study was a part of a broader project in which simultaneous psychological and biological investigations were carried out in hospital conditions on 400 male participants categorized by four groups: (A) 133 with current PTSD, (B) 66 with lifetime PTSD, (C) 102 trauma controls, and (D) 99 healthy controls (matched by age and education). Cortisol and ACTH were measured in blood samples taken hourly from 22:00 h to 09:00 h, with an additional sample at 07:30 h (resting state and morning rise). The next night, dexamethasone (0.5 mg) suppression test was performed. Results: No significant differences in basal cortisol and ACTH were found between study groups. The trait Conscientiousness, negatively modulated by Extraversion (assessed by NEO Personality Inventory-Revised) was found to correlate with cortisol (but not with ACTH). Group differences are found on suppression. Structural equation modeling shows excellent fit only when the paths (influences) from Conscientiousness to basal cortisol and from traumatic events to suppression are present. The paths connecting suppression and PTSD symptoms do not contribute. Conclusions: Two sources of differences of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis functioning are implied, both only indirectly connected to PTSD. It seems that basal cortisol secretion is associated more tightly with personality (introvertively modulated Conscientiousness), while the regulation by glucocorticoid receptor system is sensitized by repeated traumatic situations. (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
T2  - Psychoneuroendocrinology
T1  - The role of personality and traumatic events in cortisol levels - Where does PTSD fit in?
VL  - 37
IS  - 7
SP  - 937
EP  - 947
DO  - 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.11.001
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Savić, Danka A. and Knežević, Goran and Damjanović, Svetozar S. and Spiric, Zeljko and Matić, Gordana",
year = "2012",
abstract = "Background: Studies of cortisol in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have yielded mixed results. We hypothesize that personality traits and traumatic experiences could be the confounders of cortisol measures and disease symptoms. Method: This study was a part of a broader project in which simultaneous psychological and biological investigations were carried out in hospital conditions on 400 male participants categorized by four groups: (A) 133 with current PTSD, (B) 66 with lifetime PTSD, (C) 102 trauma controls, and (D) 99 healthy controls (matched by age and education). Cortisol and ACTH were measured in blood samples taken hourly from 22:00 h to 09:00 h, with an additional sample at 07:30 h (resting state and morning rise). The next night, dexamethasone (0.5 mg) suppression test was performed. Results: No significant differences in basal cortisol and ACTH were found between study groups. The trait Conscientiousness, negatively modulated by Extraversion (assessed by NEO Personality Inventory-Revised) was found to correlate with cortisol (but not with ACTH). Group differences are found on suppression. Structural equation modeling shows excellent fit only when the paths (influences) from Conscientiousness to basal cortisol and from traumatic events to suppression are present. The paths connecting suppression and PTSD symptoms do not contribute. Conclusions: Two sources of differences of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis functioning are implied, both only indirectly connected to PTSD. It seems that basal cortisol secretion is associated more tightly with personality (introvertively modulated Conscientiousness), while the regulation by glucocorticoid receptor system is sensitized by repeated traumatic situations. (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Psychoneuroendocrinology",
title = "The role of personality and traumatic events in cortisol levels - Where does PTSD fit in?",
volume = "37",
number = "7",
pages = "937-947",
doi = "10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.11.001"
}

Savić, D. A., Knežević, G., Damjanović, S. S., Spiric, Z.,& Matić, G.. (2012). The role of personality and traumatic events in cortisol levels - Where does PTSD fit in?. in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 37(7), 937-947.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.11.001

Savić DA, Knežević G, Damjanović SS, Spiric Z, Matić G. The role of personality and traumatic events in cortisol levels - Where does PTSD fit in?. in Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2012;37(7):937-947.
doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.11.001 .

Savić, Danka A., Knežević, Goran, Damjanović, Svetozar S., Spiric, Zeljko, Matić, Gordana, "The role of personality and traumatic events in cortisol levels - Where does PTSD fit in?" in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 37, no. 7 (2012):937-947,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.11.001 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Savić, Danka A.
AU  - Knežević, Goran
AU  - Damjanović, Svetozar S.
AU  - Spiric, Zeljko
AU  - Matić, Gordana
PY  - 2012
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4997
AB  - The use of the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (DST) as a potentially discriminative marker between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression is still under discussion. In order to compare the influence of these psychopathologies on the DST results, we examined suppression in war-traumatized subjects with one or both of these disorders, as well as in healthy controls. Based on our previous findings, we hypothesized that subjects with any disorder would exhibit higher dexamethasone suppression than healthy controls due to traumatic experiences. This study was a part of a broader project in which simultaneous psychological and biological investigations were carried out in hospital conditions on 399 mate participants: 57 with PTSD, 28 with depression, 76 with PTSD + depression, and 238 healthy controls. Cortisol was measured in blood samples taken at 0900 h before and after administering 0.5 mg of dexamethasone (at 2300 h). Group means standard deviation of cortisol suppression were: 79.4 +/- 18.5 in the PTSD group, 80.8 +/- 11.6 in the depression group, 77.5 +/- 24.6 in the group with PTSD+depression, and 66.8 +/- 34.6 in healthy controls. The first three groups suppressed significantly more than the fourth. When the number of traumas was introduced as a covariate, the differences disappeared. The hypothesis was confirmed: in respect to DST, the examined trauma-related psychopathologies showed the same pattern: hypersuppression, due to multiple traumatic experiences. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
T2  - Psychoneuroendocrinology
T1  - Is there a biological difference between trauma-related depression and PTSD? DST says NO
VL  - 37
IS  - 9
SP  - 1516
EP  - 1520
DO  - 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.02.005
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Savić, Danka A. and Knežević, Goran and Damjanović, Svetozar S. and Spiric, Zeljko and Matić, Gordana",
year = "2012",
abstract = "The use of the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (DST) as a potentially discriminative marker between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression is still under discussion. In order to compare the influence of these psychopathologies on the DST results, we examined suppression in war-traumatized subjects with one or both of these disorders, as well as in healthy controls. Based on our previous findings, we hypothesized that subjects with any disorder would exhibit higher dexamethasone suppression than healthy controls due to traumatic experiences. This study was a part of a broader project in which simultaneous psychological and biological investigations were carried out in hospital conditions on 399 mate participants: 57 with PTSD, 28 with depression, 76 with PTSD + depression, and 238 healthy controls. Cortisol was measured in blood samples taken at 0900 h before and after administering 0.5 mg of dexamethasone (at 2300 h). Group means standard deviation of cortisol suppression were: 79.4 +/- 18.5 in the PTSD group, 80.8 +/- 11.6 in the depression group, 77.5 +/- 24.6 in the group with PTSD+depression, and 66.8 +/- 34.6 in healthy controls. The first three groups suppressed significantly more than the fourth. When the number of traumas was introduced as a covariate, the differences disappeared. The hypothesis was confirmed: in respect to DST, the examined trauma-related psychopathologies showed the same pattern: hypersuppression, due to multiple traumatic experiences. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Psychoneuroendocrinology",
title = "Is there a biological difference between trauma-related depression and PTSD? DST says NO",
volume = "37",
number = "9",
pages = "1516-1520",
doi = "10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.02.005"
}

Savić, D. A., Knežević, G., Damjanović, S. S., Spiric, Z.,& Matić, G.. (2012). Is there a biological difference between trauma-related depression and PTSD? DST says NO. in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 37(9), 1516-1520.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.02.005

Savić DA, Knežević G, Damjanović SS, Spiric Z, Matić G. Is there a biological difference between trauma-related depression and PTSD? DST says NO. in Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2012;37(9):1516-1520.
doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.02.005 .

Savić, Danka A., Knežević, Goran, Damjanović, Svetozar S., Spiric, Zeljko, Matić, Gordana, "Is there a biological difference between trauma-related depression and PTSD? DST says NO" in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 37, no. 9 (2012):1516-1520,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.02.005 . .