TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paridaens, J
AU  - Vanmarcke, H
AU  - Žunić, Zora S.
AU  - McLaughlin, JP
PY  - 2001
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6319
AB  - Approximately 200 volume traps were retrieved from dwellings in various radon prone areas in Europe. They were analysed for the purpose of retrospective radon assessment. Emphasis is put on specific problems encountered when using field samples as opposed to laboratory exposed samples. It was seen that in very dusty circumstances, direct penetration of radon decay products from the outside to the centre of the volume traps calls for extra caution. Rinsing the samples is proposed as a solution and was tested in field and laboratory conditions, showing good results. An attempt was made to give an assessment of the achievable accuracy of the method. Where possible, the volume trap retrospective results were compared with contemporary measurements or to retrospective results from surface traps. The overall impression is that although volume traps are sometimes hard to find in the field, the high reliability of the results makes it well worth the effort. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
T2  - Science of the Total Environment
T1  - Field experience with volume traps for assessing retrospective radon exposures
VL  - 272
IS  - 1-3
SP  - 295
EP  - 302
DO  - 10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00708-2
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Paridaens, J and Vanmarcke, H and Žunić, Zora S. and McLaughlin, JP",
year = "2001",
abstract = "Approximately 200 volume traps were retrieved from dwellings in various radon prone areas in Europe. They were analysed for the purpose of retrospective radon assessment. Emphasis is put on specific problems encountered when using field samples as opposed to laboratory exposed samples. It was seen that in very dusty circumstances, direct penetration of radon decay products from the outside to the centre of the volume traps calls for extra caution. Rinsing the samples is proposed as a solution and was tested in field and laboratory conditions, showing good results. An attempt was made to give an assessment of the achievable accuracy of the method. Where possible, the volume trap retrospective results were compared with contemporary measurements or to retrospective results from surface traps. The overall impression is that although volume traps are sometimes hard to find in the field, the high reliability of the results makes it well worth the effort. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Science of the Total Environment",
title = "Field experience with volume traps for assessing retrospective radon exposures",
volume = "272",
number = "1-3",
pages = "295-302",
doi = "10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00708-2"
}

Paridaens, J., Vanmarcke, H., Žunić, Z. S.,& McLaughlin, J.. (2001). Field experience with volume traps for assessing retrospective radon exposures. in Science of the Total Environment, 272(1-3), 295-302.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00708-2

Paridaens J, Vanmarcke H, Žunić ZS, McLaughlin J. Field experience with volume traps for assessing retrospective radon exposures. in Science of the Total Environment. 2001;272(1-3):295-302.
doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00708-2 .

Paridaens, J, Vanmarcke, H, Žunić, Zora S., McLaughlin, JP, "Field experience with volume traps for assessing retrospective radon exposures" in Science of the Total Environment, 272, no. 1-3 (2001):295-302,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00708-2 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Žunić, Zora S.
AU  - McLaughlin, JP
AU  - Walsh, C
AU  - Birovljev, A
AU  - Simopoulos, SE
AU  - Jakupi, Bajram
AU  - Gordanic, V
AU  - Demajo, Miroslav
AU  - Trotti, F
AU  - Falk, R
AU  - Vanmarcke, H
AU  - Paridaens, J
AU  - Fujimoto, K
PY  - 2001
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6318
AB  - The results of field investigations of natural radiation exposures of the general population in two stable rural communities in Yugoslavia are presented. The principal emphasis was on exposures to contemporary indoor radon, but measurements of external penetrating radiation absorbed dose rates in air were carried out in the majority of cases. In addition, in a limited number of dwellings, measurements of thoron gas concentrations were made. By means of making a series of sequential 3-month radon measurements, both seasonal variations and annual average radon levels in the dwellings were determined. Using passive alpha track detectors, individual radon and thoron indoor concentrations as high as 9591 Bq m(-3) and 709 Bq m(-3), respectively, were detected while absorbed dose rates in air in the dwellings as high as 430 nGy h(-1) were recorded. On the basis of these different types of measurements, assessments could be made of the integrated natural radiation exposures being received by the populations. In addition to contemporary radon measurements, retrospective radon exposure assessments in most of the dwellings were made on the basis of measurements of Po-210 concentrations in both surface (glass) traps and in volume (porous materials) traps. A description is given of the sampling strategics and protocols used in this field work. It is shown that at least one stable rural community receiving high natural radiation exposures, has been clearly identified and plans for future health investigations of the population there are outlined. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
T2  - Science of the Total Environment
T1  - Integrated natural radiation exposure studies in stable Yugoslav rural communities
VL  - 272
IS  - 1-3
SP  - 253
EP  - 259
DO  - 10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00702-1
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Žunić, Zora S. and McLaughlin, JP and Walsh, C and Birovljev, A and Simopoulos, SE and Jakupi, Bajram and Gordanic, V and Demajo, Miroslav and Trotti, F and Falk, R and Vanmarcke, H and Paridaens, J and Fujimoto, K",
year = "2001",
abstract = "The results of field investigations of natural radiation exposures of the general population in two stable rural communities in Yugoslavia are presented. The principal emphasis was on exposures to contemporary indoor radon, but measurements of external penetrating radiation absorbed dose rates in air were carried out in the majority of cases. In addition, in a limited number of dwellings, measurements of thoron gas concentrations were made. By means of making a series of sequential 3-month radon measurements, both seasonal variations and annual average radon levels in the dwellings were determined. Using passive alpha track detectors, individual radon and thoron indoor concentrations as high as 9591 Bq m(-3) and 709 Bq m(-3), respectively, were detected while absorbed dose rates in air in the dwellings as high as 430 nGy h(-1) were recorded. On the basis of these different types of measurements, assessments could be made of the integrated natural radiation exposures being received by the populations. In addition to contemporary radon measurements, retrospective radon exposure assessments in most of the dwellings were made on the basis of measurements of Po-210 concentrations in both surface (glass) traps and in volume (porous materials) traps. A description is given of the sampling strategics and protocols used in this field work. It is shown that at least one stable rural community receiving high natural radiation exposures, has been clearly identified and plans for future health investigations of the population there are outlined. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Science of the Total Environment",
title = "Integrated natural radiation exposure studies in stable Yugoslav rural communities",
volume = "272",
number = "1-3",
pages = "253-259",
doi = "10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00702-1"
}

Žunić, Z. S., McLaughlin, J., Walsh, C., Birovljev, A., Simopoulos, S., Jakupi, B., Gordanic, V., Demajo, M., Trotti, F., Falk, R., Vanmarcke, H., Paridaens, J.,& Fujimoto, K.. (2001). Integrated natural radiation exposure studies in stable Yugoslav rural communities. in Science of the Total Environment, 272(1-3), 253-259.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00702-1

Žunić ZS, McLaughlin J, Walsh C, Birovljev A, Simopoulos S, Jakupi B, Gordanic V, Demajo M, Trotti F, Falk R, Vanmarcke H, Paridaens J, Fujimoto K. Integrated natural radiation exposure studies in stable Yugoslav rural communities. in Science of the Total Environment. 2001;272(1-3):253-259.
doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00702-1 .

Žunić, Zora S., McLaughlin, JP, Walsh, C, Birovljev, A, Simopoulos, SE, Jakupi, Bajram, Gordanic, V, Demajo, Miroslav, Trotti, F, Falk, R, Vanmarcke, H, Paridaens, J, Fujimoto, K, "Integrated natural radiation exposure studies in stable Yugoslav rural communities" in Science of the Total Environment, 272, no. 1-3 (2001):253-259,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00702-1 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Paridaens, J
AU  - Vanmarcke, H
AU  - Jacobs, K
AU  - Žunić, Zora S.
PY  - 2000
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6294
AB  - A method for retrospectively assessing the average radon concentration in a dwelling, for a period as long as 40 years or more, is described. It is based on the free penetration of radon gas into bulky spongy materials called volume traps, and subsequent trapping of radon decay products inside them. This leads to a build-up of Pb-210, a radon decay product with a half life of 22.3 years, which reaches an equilibrium with the alpha emitter Po-210, indicative of the average radon concentration over the exposure period. The stuffing of mattresses, chairs, cushions, etc. can be considered a good volume trap. A chemical separation procedure is described, transforming the volume trap into a Po-210 alpha source, whose activity is determined through alpha spectroscopy. The technique has been applied in over 300 samples, retrieved from dwellings in Serbia, Germany, Norway and Sweden. The technique has proven to be very robust and reproducible. In cases where radon data were available during the exposure period of the volume trap, a remarkable agreement was found. The best volume traps appeared to be polyester sponges found in many stuffings. The major drawback is the destructive nature of the method, its major advantage is the direct relationship between the radon gas and the Po-210 signal. The technique can be useful in epidemiological studies of the lung cancer risk from indoor radon, for assessing the long term radon exposure. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
T2  - Applied Radiation and Isotopes
T1  - Retrospective radon assessment by means of Po-210 activity measurements
VL  - 53
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 361
EP  - 364
DO  - 10.1016/S0969-8043(00)00153-6
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Paridaens, J and Vanmarcke, H and Jacobs, K and Žunić, Zora S.",
year = "2000",
abstract = "A method for retrospectively assessing the average radon concentration in a dwelling, for a period as long as 40 years or more, is described. It is based on the free penetration of radon gas into bulky spongy materials called volume traps, and subsequent trapping of radon decay products inside them. This leads to a build-up of Pb-210, a radon decay product with a half life of 22.3 years, which reaches an equilibrium with the alpha emitter Po-210, indicative of the average radon concentration over the exposure period. The stuffing of mattresses, chairs, cushions, etc. can be considered a good volume trap. A chemical separation procedure is described, transforming the volume trap into a Po-210 alpha source, whose activity is determined through alpha spectroscopy. The technique has been applied in over 300 samples, retrieved from dwellings in Serbia, Germany, Norway and Sweden. The technique has proven to be very robust and reproducible. In cases where radon data were available during the exposure period of the volume trap, a remarkable agreement was found. The best volume traps appeared to be polyester sponges found in many stuffings. The major drawback is the destructive nature of the method, its major advantage is the direct relationship between the radon gas and the Po-210 signal. The technique can be useful in epidemiological studies of the lung cancer risk from indoor radon, for assessing the long term radon exposure. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Applied Radiation and Isotopes",
title = "Retrospective radon assessment by means of Po-210 activity measurements",
volume = "53",
number = "1-2",
pages = "361-364",
doi = "10.1016/S0969-8043(00)00153-6"
}

Paridaens, J., Vanmarcke, H., Jacobs, K.,& Žunić, Z. S.. (2000). Retrospective radon assessment by means of Po-210 activity measurements. in Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 53(1-2), 361-364.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-8043(00)00153-6

Paridaens J, Vanmarcke H, Jacobs K, Žunić ZS. Retrospective radon assessment by means of Po-210 activity measurements. in Applied Radiation and Isotopes. 2000;53(1-2):361-364.
doi:10.1016/S0969-8043(00)00153-6 .

Paridaens, J, Vanmarcke, H, Jacobs, K, Žunić, Zora S., "Retrospective radon assessment by means of Po-210 activity measurements" in Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 53, no. 1-2 (2000):361-364,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-8043(00)00153-6 . .