TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simić, Marko
AU  - Ružić, Jovana
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Stoimenov, Nikolay
AU  - Gyoshev, Stanislav D.
AU  - Karastoyanov, Dimitar N.
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11393
AB  - Copper-zirconium alloys with high conductivity were produced using powder metallurgy. Two-steps manufacturing process, containing mechanical alloying followed by hot pressing, was applied in achieving improved mechanical and physical properties of Cu-Zr alloy. In this paper, the influence of boron on Cu-Zr alloys properties was studied on Cu-1Zr (wt.%) and Cu-1.1Zr-0.3B (wt.%) systems. Scanning electron microscopy, laser nanoparticle sizer, computed tomography and X-ray diffraction were employed for observation of changes in the microstructure during production steps. More specifically – variations in size of the Cu particles, powder mixtures’ structural parameters, and development of CuZr phase in binary alloy, CuZr phase and ZrB2 particles in ternary alloy were observed. It was shown that presence of boron increases dislocation density in ternary alloy over the mechanical alloying time compared to binary alloy. The results presented in this study show higher hardening effect in Cu-Zr-B alloy compared to Cu-Zr alloy, resulting in stable hardness values during thermomechanical treatment. Further, it can be seen that finely dispersed reinforcing ZrB2 particles in copper matrix does not have significant influence on its conductivity. Moreover, both systems Cu-Zr and Cu-Zr-B exhibit better electrical conductivity after thermomechanical treatment as a result of zirconium reduction in solid solution due to its precipitation.
AB  - Високо проводне легуре бакра са додатком цирконијума произведене су
металургијом праха. У постизању побољшаних механичких и физичких својстава CuZr легуре примењен је двостепени процес производње, који садржи механичко легирање
праћено топлим пресовањем. У овом раду проучаван је утицај бора на својства Cu-Zr
легура поређењем система Cu-1Zr (теж.%) и Cu-1.1Zr-0.3В (теж.%). Промене у
микроструктури током производних корака праћене су помоћу метода: скенирајућа
електронска микроскопија, ласерско одређивање величина микро- и наночестица,
компјутерска томографија и рендгенска дифракција. Посебно су посматране
варијације у величини честица бакра, структурних параметара мешавине праха и
развој CuZr фазе у бинарној легури, као и CuZr фазе и ZrВ2 честица у терцијарној
легури. Показало се да присуство бора повећава густину дислокација у терцијарној
легури током механичког легирања у поређењу са бинарном легуром. Резултати
приказани у овој студији показују већи ефекат ојачавања у легури Cu-Zr-B у поређењу
са легуром Cu-Zr, што резултира стабилним вредностима тврдоће током термичке
обраде. Даље, може се видети да фино дисперговане честице ZrB2 у матрици бакра
показују незнатан утицај на њену проводљивост. Такође, оба система Cu-Zr и Cu-Zr-B
показују бољу електричну проводљивост након термичке обраде као резултат
редукције цирконијума у чврстом раствору услед његовог таложења.
T2  - Science of Sintering
T1  - The influence of boron addition on properties of copper-zirconium alloys
VL  - 55
IS  - 2
SP  - 205
EP  - 219
DO  - 10.2298/SOS220421003S
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Simić, Marko and Ružić, Jovana and Božić, Dušan and Stoimenov, Nikolay and Gyoshev, Stanislav D. and Karastoyanov, Dimitar N. and Stašić, Jelena",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Copper-zirconium alloys with high conductivity were produced using powder metallurgy. Two-steps manufacturing process, containing mechanical alloying followed by hot pressing, was applied in achieving improved mechanical and physical properties of Cu-Zr alloy. In this paper, the influence of boron on Cu-Zr alloys properties was studied on Cu-1Zr (wt.%) and Cu-1.1Zr-0.3B (wt.%) systems. Scanning electron microscopy, laser nanoparticle sizer, computed tomography and X-ray diffraction were employed for observation of changes in the microstructure during production steps. More specifically – variations in size of the Cu particles, powder mixtures’ structural parameters, and development of CuZr phase in binary alloy, CuZr phase and ZrB2 particles in ternary alloy were observed. It was shown that presence of boron increases dislocation density in ternary alloy over the mechanical alloying time compared to binary alloy. The results presented in this study show higher hardening effect in Cu-Zr-B alloy compared to Cu-Zr alloy, resulting in stable hardness values during thermomechanical treatment. Further, it can be seen that finely dispersed reinforcing ZrB2 particles in copper matrix does not have significant influence on its conductivity. Moreover, both systems Cu-Zr and Cu-Zr-B exhibit better electrical conductivity after thermomechanical treatment as a result of zirconium reduction in solid solution due to its precipitation., Високо проводне легуре бакра са додатком цирконијума произведене су
металургијом праха. У постизању побољшаних механичких и физичких својстава CuZr легуре примењен је двостепени процес производње, који садржи механичко легирање
праћено топлим пресовањем. У овом раду проучаван је утицај бора на својства Cu-Zr
легура поређењем система Cu-1Zr (теж.%) и Cu-1.1Zr-0.3В (теж.%). Промене у
микроструктури током производних корака праћене су помоћу метода: скенирајућа
електронска микроскопија, ласерско одређивање величина микро- и наночестица,
компјутерска томографија и рендгенска дифракција. Посебно су посматране
варијације у величини честица бакра, структурних параметара мешавине праха и
развој CuZr фазе у бинарној легури, као и CuZr фазе и ZrВ2 честица у терцијарној
легури. Показало се да присуство бора повећава густину дислокација у терцијарној
легури током механичког легирања у поређењу са бинарном легуром. Резултати
приказани у овој студији показују већи ефекат ојачавања у легури Cu-Zr-B у поређењу
са легуром Cu-Zr, што резултира стабилним вредностима тврдоће током термичке
обраде. Даље, може се видети да фино дисперговане честице ZrB2 у матрици бакра
показују незнатан утицај на њену проводљивост. Такође, оба система Cu-Zr и Cu-Zr-B
показују бољу електричну проводљивост након термичке обраде као резултат
редукције цирконијума у чврстом раствору услед његовог таложења.",
journal = "Science of Sintering",
title = "The influence of boron addition on properties of copper-zirconium alloys",
volume = "55",
number = "2",
pages = "205-219",
doi = "10.2298/SOS220421003S"
}

Simić, M., Ružić, J., Božić, D., Stoimenov, N., Gyoshev, S. D., Karastoyanov, D. N.,& Stašić, J.. (2023). The influence of boron addition on properties of copper-zirconium alloys. in Science of Sintering, 55(2), 205-219.
https://doi.org/10.2298/SOS220421003S

Simić M, Ružić J, Božić D, Stoimenov N, Gyoshev SD, Karastoyanov DN, Stašić J. The influence of boron addition on properties of copper-zirconium alloys. in Science of Sintering. 2023;55(2):205-219.
doi:10.2298/SOS220421003S .

Simić, Marko, Ružić, Jovana, Božić, Dušan, Stoimenov, Nikolay, Gyoshev, Stanislav D., Karastoyanov, Dimitar N., Stašić, Jelena, "The influence of boron addition on properties of copper-zirconium alloys" in Science of Sintering, 55, no. 2 (2023):205-219,
https://doi.org/10.2298/SOS220421003S . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Ružić, Jovana
AU  - Simić, Marko
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Stoimenov, Nikolay
AU  - Goshev, Stanislav
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/12098
AB  - Copper-zirconium alloys with the minor addition of boron were manufactured using powder metallurgy, combining mechanical alloying, hot pressing, and sintering. The influence of boron on the mechanical properties of the Cu-Zr alloys was studied on Cu-1Zr (wt.%) and Cu-1.1Zr-0.3B (wt.%) systems. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser nanoparticle sizer, computed tomography, and X-ray diffraction were employed for the observation of morphological and structural changes in the copper microstructure during manufacturing, as well as the development of CuZr phase and ZrB2 particles. Based on SEM and X-ray diffraction analysis, it can be seen that finely dispersed reinforcing ZrB2 particles in copper matrix occur only after the hot pressing process, and not during mechanical alloying. Mechanical properties of the copper-zirconium alloys were investigated using nanoindentation and microhardness tests. It was shown that the presence of a small boron amount, less than 3 wt.%, increases dislocation density in Cu-Zr-B powder mixture with increasing the duration of mechanical alloying. Moreover, analysis of the obtained results reviled that the addition of boron induces a higher hardening effect in Cu-Zr-B alloy compared to CuZr alloy, which results in more stable hardness values during thermomechanical treatment.
PB  - Belgrade : Association of Metallurgical Engineers of Serbia (AMES)
C3  - MME SEE : 5th Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Congress of South-East Europe, June 7-10, 2023; Trebinje, Bosnia and Herzegovina
T1  - Study of the changes in mechanical properties of the copper-zirconium alloys influenced by minor boron addition
SP  - 30
EP  - 30
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12098
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Ružić, Jovana and Simić, Marko and Božić, Dušan and Stoimenov, Nikolay and Goshev, Stanislav and Stašić, Jelena",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Copper-zirconium alloys with the minor addition of boron were manufactured using powder metallurgy, combining mechanical alloying, hot pressing, and sintering. The influence of boron on the mechanical properties of the Cu-Zr alloys was studied on Cu-1Zr (wt.%) and Cu-1.1Zr-0.3B (wt.%) systems. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser nanoparticle sizer, computed tomography, and X-ray diffraction were employed for the observation of morphological and structural changes in the copper microstructure during manufacturing, as well as the development of CuZr phase and ZrB2 particles. Based on SEM and X-ray diffraction analysis, it can be seen that finely dispersed reinforcing ZrB2 particles in copper matrix occur only after the hot pressing process, and not during mechanical alloying. Mechanical properties of the copper-zirconium alloys were investigated using nanoindentation and microhardness tests. It was shown that the presence of a small boron amount, less than 3 wt.%, increases dislocation density in Cu-Zr-B powder mixture with increasing the duration of mechanical alloying. Moreover, analysis of the obtained results reviled that the addition of boron induces a higher hardening effect in Cu-Zr-B alloy compared to CuZr alloy, which results in more stable hardness values during thermomechanical treatment.",
publisher = "Belgrade : Association of Metallurgical Engineers of Serbia (AMES)",
journal = "MME SEE : 5th Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Congress of South-East Europe, June 7-10, 2023; Trebinje, Bosnia and Herzegovina",
title = "Study of the changes in mechanical properties of the copper-zirconium alloys influenced by minor boron addition",
pages = "30-30",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12098"
}

Ružić, J., Simić, M., Božić, D., Stoimenov, N., Goshev, S.,& Stašić, J.. (2023). Study of the changes in mechanical properties of the copper-zirconium alloys influenced by minor boron addition. in MME SEE : 5th Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Congress of South-East Europe, June 7-10, 2023; Trebinje, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Belgrade : Association of Metallurgical Engineers of Serbia (AMES)., 30-30.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12098

Ružić J, Simić M, Božić D, Stoimenov N, Goshev S, Stašić J. Study of the changes in mechanical properties of the copper-zirconium alloys influenced by minor boron addition. in MME SEE : 5th Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Congress of South-East Europe, June 7-10, 2023; Trebinje, Bosnia and Herzegovina. 2023;:30-30.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12098 .

Ružić, Jovana, Simić, Marko, Božić, Dušan, Stoimenov, Nikolay, Goshev, Stanislav, Stašić, Jelena, "Study of the changes in mechanical properties of the copper-zirconium alloys influenced by minor boron addition" in MME SEE : 5th Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Congress of South-East Europe, June 7-10, 2023; Trebinje, Bosnia and Herzegovina (2023):30-30,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_vinar_12098 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ružić, Jovana
AU  - Simić, Marko
AU  - Stoimenov, Nikolay
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/9629
AB  - Metal matrix composites (MMCs) belong to a group of modern materials owing to their excellent technological, mechanical, and physical properties such as excellent wear and corrosion resistance, high electrical and thermal conductivity, improved strength and hardness. Final properties of MMCs are affected equally by all steps of its manufacturing process. It is shown that by using adequate process parameters to obtain starting materials (reaching the specific size, shape, and reactivity) the control of volume fraction and distribution of reinforcements within the matrix can be achieved. For this purpose, mechanical alloying has been appointed as a good approach. MMCs can be produced using powder metallurgy, ingot metallurgy, and additive manufacturing techniques. Combining high-energy ball milling with these techniques enables the design of an innovative processing route for MMCs manufacturing. Mechanochemical process (achieved using high-energy ball milling) was employed in three manufacturing procedures: hot pressing, compocasting, and laser melting/sintering for obtaining of the suitable powder. These production routes for MMCs manufacturing were the subject of this work. The aim of MMCs design is to establish an optimal combination of production techniques merged into the cost-effective fabrication route for obtaining MMCs with required properties.
T2  - Metallurgical and Materials Engineering
T1  - Innovative processing routes in manufacturing of metal matrix composite materials
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
SP  - 1
EP  - 13
DO  - 10.30544/629
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ružić, Jovana and Simić, Marko and Stoimenov, Nikolay and Božić, Dušan and Stašić, Jelena",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Metal matrix composites (MMCs) belong to a group of modern materials owing to their excellent technological, mechanical, and physical properties such as excellent wear and corrosion resistance, high electrical and thermal conductivity, improved strength and hardness. Final properties of MMCs are affected equally by all steps of its manufacturing process. It is shown that by using adequate process parameters to obtain starting materials (reaching the specific size, shape, and reactivity) the control of volume fraction and distribution of reinforcements within the matrix can be achieved. For this purpose, mechanical alloying has been appointed as a good approach. MMCs can be produced using powder metallurgy, ingot metallurgy, and additive manufacturing techniques. Combining high-energy ball milling with these techniques enables the design of an innovative processing route for MMCs manufacturing. Mechanochemical process (achieved using high-energy ball milling) was employed in three manufacturing procedures: hot pressing, compocasting, and laser melting/sintering for obtaining of the suitable powder. These production routes for MMCs manufacturing were the subject of this work. The aim of MMCs design is to establish an optimal combination of production techniques merged into the cost-effective fabrication route for obtaining MMCs with required properties.",
journal = "Metallurgical and Materials Engineering",
title = "Innovative processing routes in manufacturing of metal matrix composite materials",
volume = "27",
number = "1",
pages = "1-13",
doi = "10.30544/629"
}

Ružić, J., Simić, M., Stoimenov, N., Božić, D.,& Stašić, J.. (2021). Innovative processing routes in manufacturing of metal matrix composite materials. in Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 27(1), 1-13.
https://doi.org/10.30544/629

Ružić J, Simić M, Stoimenov N, Božić D, Stašić J. Innovative processing routes in manufacturing of metal matrix composite materials. in Metallurgical and Materials Engineering. 2021;27(1):1-13.
doi:10.30544/629 .

Ružić, Jovana, Simić, Marko, Stoimenov, Nikolay, Božić, Dušan, Stašić, Jelena, "Innovative processing routes in manufacturing of metal matrix composite materials" in Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 27, no. 1 (2021):1-13,
https://doi.org/10.30544/629 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ilić, Svetlana M.
AU  - Babić, Biljana M.
AU  - Bjelajac, Anđelika
AU  - Stoimenov, Nikolay
AU  - Kljajević, Ljiljana M.
AU  - Pošarac-Marković, Milica B.
AU  - Matović, Branko
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/8823
AB  - The structural and morphological properties of iron-doped mullite powders are the subject of the present study. The powders of undoped and iron-doped mullite in the composition range of 3–15 wt% Fe2O3 were synthesized by a combination of sol-gel and combustion methods. The excess of water and urea were introduced in reaction solutions to enhance the copolymerization of aluminum and silicon species. The results of structural characterization revealed that the synthesized mullite powders were amorphous of a hybrid type. The specific surface area of the undoped mullite powder was 262 m2 g-1 with a maximum pore radius (dp) of 2 nm classifying it into mesoporous materials. The addition of iron has reduced the specific surface area, while the pore size value remained the same except for the sample with 3 wt% Fe2O3 (SBET = 278 m2 g-1; dp = 3 nm). The presence of iron caused lowering the temperature of liquid phase formation, while present urea combusted providing the increase of the temperature locally that caused the sintering and formation of agglomerates of smaller particles. However, the results of the particle size analysis are not straightforward. The values of mean volume diameter (D[3,4]) indicated that the particle size increased to 6 wt% Fe2O3 (123.6 μm), and then decreased and for the sample with 12 wt% Fe2O3, it was equal to 96.6 μm. Thus, the added iron contributed to the more uniform particle size distribution. The SEM analysis has also shown the coarse powder particles consisted of the coalesced smaller particles. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.
T2  - Ceramics International
T1  - Structural and morphological characterization of iron-doped sol-gel derived mullite powders
VL  - 46
IS  - 9
SP  - 13107
EP  - 13113
DO  - 10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.02.083
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ilić, Svetlana M. and Babić, Biljana M. and Bjelajac, Anđelika and Stoimenov, Nikolay and Kljajević, Ljiljana M. and Pošarac-Marković, Milica B. and Matović, Branko",
year = "2020",
abstract = "The structural and morphological properties of iron-doped mullite powders are the subject of the present study. The powders of undoped and iron-doped mullite in the composition range of 3–15 wt% Fe2O3 were synthesized by a combination of sol-gel and combustion methods. The excess of water and urea were introduced in reaction solutions to enhance the copolymerization of aluminum and silicon species. The results of structural characterization revealed that the synthesized mullite powders were amorphous of a hybrid type. The specific surface area of the undoped mullite powder was 262 m2 g-1 with a maximum pore radius (dp) of 2 nm classifying it into mesoporous materials. The addition of iron has reduced the specific surface area, while the pore size value remained the same except for the sample with 3 wt% Fe2O3 (SBET = 278 m2 g-1; dp = 3 nm). The presence of iron caused lowering the temperature of liquid phase formation, while present urea combusted providing the increase of the temperature locally that caused the sintering and formation of agglomerates of smaller particles. However, the results of the particle size analysis are not straightforward. The values of mean volume diameter (D[3,4]) indicated that the particle size increased to 6 wt% Fe2O3 (123.6 μm), and then decreased and for the sample with 12 wt% Fe2O3, it was equal to 96.6 μm. Thus, the added iron contributed to the more uniform particle size distribution. The SEM analysis has also shown the coarse powder particles consisted of the coalesced smaller particles. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.",
journal = "Ceramics International",
title = "Structural and morphological characterization of iron-doped sol-gel derived mullite powders",
volume = "46",
number = "9",
pages = "13107-13113",
doi = "10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.02.083"
}

Ilić, S. M., Babić, B. M., Bjelajac, A., Stoimenov, N., Kljajević, L. M., Pošarac-Marković, M. B.,& Matović, B.. (2020). Structural and morphological characterization of iron-doped sol-gel derived mullite powders. in Ceramics International, 46(9), 13107-13113.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.02.083

Ilić SM, Babić BM, Bjelajac A, Stoimenov N, Kljajević LM, Pošarac-Marković MB, Matović B. Structural and morphological characterization of iron-doped sol-gel derived mullite powders. in Ceramics International. 2020;46(9):13107-13113.
doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.02.083 .

Ilić, Svetlana M., Babić, Biljana M., Bjelajac, Anđelika, Stoimenov, Nikolay, Kljajević, Ljiljana M., Pošarac-Marković, Milica B., Matović, Branko, "Structural and morphological characterization of iron-doped sol-gel derived mullite powders" in Ceramics International, 46, no. 9 (2020):13107-13113,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.02.083 . .