TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gavrilović, Ljubica
AU  - Spasojević, Nataša
AU  - Varagic, V.
AU  - Dronjak, Slađana
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3962
AB  - Enhanced activation of sympathetic neurons during stress results in an increased cardiovascular function. Social isolation is a psychological stress which has deleterious effects on health and represents the most relevant cause of diseases in mammalian species. In this study we investigated the changes in catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) gene expression and protein levels in the stellate ganglia of naive controls and chronically socially isolated (12 weeks) adult rats and the response of these animals to additional immobilization stress (2 h) by applying TaqMan RT-PCR assay and Western blot analysis. Psychosocial stress produced a significant increase of both TH mRNA (p LT 0.05) and DBH mRNA (p LT 0.05) levels in stellate ganglia. The exposure of control rats to acute immobilization significantly increased TH mRNA (p LT 0.001) and DBH mRNA (p LT 0.01) levels, while additional immobilization of chronic psychosocially stressed rats expressed no effect on gene expression of these enzymes. Protein levels of TH, and DBH remained unchanged in control and chronic social isolation rats and also after short-term immobilization. The results presented here suggest that psychosocial stress-induced an increase in gene expression of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes in stellate ganglia and thus may be connected to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
T2  - Acta Veterinaria, Beograd
T1  - Gene Expression of Catecholamine Synthesizing Enzymes in Stellate Ganglia of Stressed Rats
VL  - 60
IS  - 1
SP  - 15
EP  - 22
DO  - 10.2298/AVB1001015G
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Gavrilović, Ljubica and Spasojević, Nataša and Varagic, V. and Dronjak, Slađana",
year = "2010",
abstract = "Enhanced activation of sympathetic neurons during stress results in an increased cardiovascular function. Social isolation is a psychological stress which has deleterious effects on health and represents the most relevant cause of diseases in mammalian species. In this study we investigated the changes in catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) gene expression and protein levels in the stellate ganglia of naive controls and chronically socially isolated (12 weeks) adult rats and the response of these animals to additional immobilization stress (2 h) by applying TaqMan RT-PCR assay and Western blot analysis. Psychosocial stress produced a significant increase of both TH mRNA (p LT 0.05) and DBH mRNA (p LT 0.05) levels in stellate ganglia. The exposure of control rats to acute immobilization significantly increased TH mRNA (p LT 0.001) and DBH mRNA (p LT 0.01) levels, while additional immobilization of chronic psychosocially stressed rats expressed no effect on gene expression of these enzymes. Protein levels of TH, and DBH remained unchanged in control and chronic social isolation rats and also after short-term immobilization. The results presented here suggest that psychosocial stress-induced an increase in gene expression of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes in stellate ganglia and thus may be connected to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease.",
journal = "Acta Veterinaria, Beograd",
title = "Gene Expression of Catecholamine Synthesizing Enzymes in Stellate Ganglia of Stressed Rats",
volume = "60",
number = "1",
pages = "15-22",
doi = "10.2298/AVB1001015G"
}

Gavrilović, L., Spasojević, N., Varagic, V.,& Dronjak, S.. (2010). Gene Expression of Catecholamine Synthesizing Enzymes in Stellate Ganglia of Stressed Rats. in Acta Veterinaria, Beograd, 60(1), 15-22.
https://doi.org/10.2298/AVB1001015G

Gavrilović L, Spasojević N, Varagic V, Dronjak S. Gene Expression of Catecholamine Synthesizing Enzymes in Stellate Ganglia of Stressed Rats. in Acta Veterinaria, Beograd. 2010;60(1):15-22.
doi:10.2298/AVB1001015G .

Gavrilović, Ljubica, Spasojević, Nataša, Varagic, V., Dronjak, Slađana, "Gene Expression of Catecholamine Synthesizing Enzymes in Stellate Ganglia of Stressed Rats" in Acta Veterinaria, Beograd, 60, no. 1 (2010):15-22,
https://doi.org/10.2298/AVB1001015G . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dronjak, Slađana
AU  - Spasojević, Nataša
AU  - Gavrilović, Ljubica
AU  - Varagic, V.
PY  - 2007
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3283
AB  - The effects of diazepam (0.2 mg/kg/ during 21 days, i.p.) on behaviour, pituitary-adrenocortical and sympatho-adrenomedullary system of socially isolated and group-housed adult male rats additionally exposed to immobilization, were studied. Social isolation led to a shorter duration of grooming and longer latency to start grooming. Diazepam in social isolated rats reduced incorrect transitions percentage, but the number of grooming bouts, duration and latency to start grooming remained unchanged. Long-term isolation significantly elevated plasma ACTH and corticosterone, while not affecting noradrenaline and adrenaline. Diazepam decreased only plasma ACTH. Social isolation and immobilization significantly elevated all examined hormones. Immobilization of diazepam-treated isolated rats enhanced plasma ACTH, the increase being significantly lower, comparing to isolated vehicle-treated rats. Immobilization significantly increased plasma adrenaline, noradrenaline and corticosterone of diazepam- or vehicle-treated socially isolated rats. No differences in adrenaline, noradrenaline and corticosterone level between these two groups were observed. This indicates that chronic diazepam treatment of socially isolated rats changes some grooming behaviour parameters, but insignificantly affects stress-related adrenomedullary and adrenocortical alterations.
T2  - Acta Veterinaria, Beograd
T1  - Behavioural and endocrine responses of socially isolated rats to long-term diazepam treatment
VL  - 57
IS  - 4
SP  - 291
EP  - 302
DO  - 10.2298/AVB0704291D
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Dronjak, Slađana and Spasojević, Nataša and Gavrilović, Ljubica and Varagic, V.",
year = "2007",
abstract = "The effects of diazepam (0.2 mg/kg/ during 21 days, i.p.) on behaviour, pituitary-adrenocortical and sympatho-adrenomedullary system of socially isolated and group-housed adult male rats additionally exposed to immobilization, were studied. Social isolation led to a shorter duration of grooming and longer latency to start grooming. Diazepam in social isolated rats reduced incorrect transitions percentage, but the number of grooming bouts, duration and latency to start grooming remained unchanged. Long-term isolation significantly elevated plasma ACTH and corticosterone, while not affecting noradrenaline and adrenaline. Diazepam decreased only plasma ACTH. Social isolation and immobilization significantly elevated all examined hormones. Immobilization of diazepam-treated isolated rats enhanced plasma ACTH, the increase being significantly lower, comparing to isolated vehicle-treated rats. Immobilization significantly increased plasma adrenaline, noradrenaline and corticosterone of diazepam- or vehicle-treated socially isolated rats. No differences in adrenaline, noradrenaline and corticosterone level between these two groups were observed. This indicates that chronic diazepam treatment of socially isolated rats changes some grooming behaviour parameters, but insignificantly affects stress-related adrenomedullary and adrenocortical alterations.",
journal = "Acta Veterinaria, Beograd",
title = "Behavioural and endocrine responses of socially isolated rats to long-term diazepam treatment",
volume = "57",
number = "4",
pages = "291-302",
doi = "10.2298/AVB0704291D"
}

Dronjak, S., Spasojević, N., Gavrilović, L.,& Varagic, V.. (2007). Behavioural and endocrine responses of socially isolated rats to long-term diazepam treatment. in Acta Veterinaria, Beograd, 57(4), 291-302.
https://doi.org/10.2298/AVB0704291D

Dronjak S, Spasojević N, Gavrilović L, Varagic V. Behavioural and endocrine responses of socially isolated rats to long-term diazepam treatment. in Acta Veterinaria, Beograd. 2007;57(4):291-302.
doi:10.2298/AVB0704291D .

Dronjak, Slađana, Spasojević, Nataša, Gavrilović, Ljubica, Varagic, V., "Behavioural and endocrine responses of socially isolated rats to long-term diazepam treatment" in Acta Veterinaria, Beograd, 57, no. 4 (2007):291-302,
https://doi.org/10.2298/AVB0704291D . .