Radulović, Jelena

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orcid::0000-0002-0268-2426
  • Radulović, Jelena (5)
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Author's Bibliography

From chronic stress and anxiety to neurodegeneration: Focus on neuromodulation of the axon initial segment

Radulović, Jelena; Ivković, Sanja; Adžić, Miroslav

(2022)

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Radulović, Jelena
AU  - Ivković, Sanja
AU  - Adžić, Miroslav
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/10136
AB  - To adapt to the sustained demands of chronic stress, discrete brain circuits undergo structural and functional changes often resulting in anxiety disorders. In some individuals, anxiety disorders precede the development of motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) caused by degeneration of neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Here, we present a circuit framework for probing a causal link between chronic stress, anxiety, and PD, which postulates a central role of abnormal neuromodulation of the SN's axon initial segment by brainstem inputs. It is grounded in findings demonstrating that the earliest PD pathologies occur in the stress-responsive, emotion regulation network of the brainstem, which provides the SN with dense aminergic and cholinergic innervation. SN's axon initial segment (AIS) has unique features that support the sustained and bidirectional propagation of activity in response to synaptic inputs. It is therefore, especially sensitive to circuit-mediated stress-induced imbalance of neuromodulation, and thus a plausible initiating site of neurodegeneration. This could explain why, although secondary to pathophysiologies in other brainstem nuclei, SN degeneration is the most extensive. Consequently, the cardinal symptom of PD, severe motor deficits, arise from degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway rather than other brainstem nuclei. Understanding when and how circuit dysfunctions underlying anxiety can progress to neurodegeneration, raises the prospect of timed interventions for reversing, or at least impeding, the early pathophysiologies that lead to PD and possibly other neurodegenerative disorders.
T2  - Handbook of Clinical Neurology
T1  - From chronic stress and anxiety to neurodegeneration: Focus on neuromodulation of the axon initial segment
VL  - 184
SP  - 481
EP  - 495
DO  - 10.1016/B978-0-12-819410-2.00025-4
ER  - 
@inbook{
author = "Radulović, Jelena and Ivković, Sanja and Adžić, Miroslav",
year = "2022",
abstract = "To adapt to the sustained demands of chronic stress, discrete brain circuits undergo structural and functional changes often resulting in anxiety disorders. In some individuals, anxiety disorders precede the development of motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) caused by degeneration of neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Here, we present a circuit framework for probing a causal link between chronic stress, anxiety, and PD, which postulates a central role of abnormal neuromodulation of the SN's axon initial segment by brainstem inputs. It is grounded in findings demonstrating that the earliest PD pathologies occur in the stress-responsive, emotion regulation network of the brainstem, which provides the SN with dense aminergic and cholinergic innervation. SN's axon initial segment (AIS) has unique features that support the sustained and bidirectional propagation of activity in response to synaptic inputs. It is therefore, especially sensitive to circuit-mediated stress-induced imbalance of neuromodulation, and thus a plausible initiating site of neurodegeneration. This could explain why, although secondary to pathophysiologies in other brainstem nuclei, SN degeneration is the most extensive. Consequently, the cardinal symptom of PD, severe motor deficits, arise from degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway rather than other brainstem nuclei. Understanding when and how circuit dysfunctions underlying anxiety can progress to neurodegeneration, raises the prospect of timed interventions for reversing, or at least impeding, the early pathophysiologies that lead to PD and possibly other neurodegenerative disorders.",
journal = "Handbook of Clinical Neurology",
booktitle = "From chronic stress and anxiety to neurodegeneration: Focus on neuromodulation of the axon initial segment",
volume = "184",
pages = "481-495",
doi = "10.1016/B978-0-12-819410-2.00025-4"
}
Radulović, J., Ivković, S.,& Adžić, M.. (2022). From chronic stress and anxiety to neurodegeneration: Focus on neuromodulation of the axon initial segment. in Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 184, 481-495.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819410-2.00025-4
Radulović J, Ivković S, Adžić M. From chronic stress and anxiety to neurodegeneration: Focus on neuromodulation of the axon initial segment. in Handbook of Clinical Neurology. 2022;184:481-495.
doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-819410-2.00025-4 .
Radulović, Jelena, Ivković, Sanja, Adžić, Miroslav, "From chronic stress and anxiety to neurodegeneration: Focus on neuromodulation of the axon initial segment" in Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 184 (2022):481-495,
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819410-2.00025-4 . .
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Disruption of the NMDA receptor GluN2A subunit abolishes inflammation-induced depression

Francija, Ester; Petrović, Zorica; Brkić, Željka; Mitić, Miloš; Radulović, Jelena; Adžić, Miroslav

(2019)

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Francija, Ester
AU  - Petrović, Zorica
AU  - Brkić, Željka
AU  - Mitić, Miloš
AU  - Radulović, Jelena
AU  - Adžić, Miroslav
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/8450
AB  - Recent reports have demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressive-like behaviour is mediated via NMDA receptor. In this study, we further investigated the role of GluN2 A subunit of NMDA receptor in synaptic processes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus of GluN2 A knockout (KO) mice in LPS-induced depressive-like behavior. Our data suggest that LPS-treated mice, lacking GluN2 A subunit, did not exhibit depressive-like behaviour. This was accompanied by unaltered levels of IL-6 and significant changes in neuroplasticity markers and glutamate receptor subunits composition in PFC and hippocampus. In particular, an immune challenge in GluN2 A KO mice resulted in unchanged PSA-NCAM levels and proBDNF increase in both brain structures as well as in increase in BDNF levels in hippocampus. Furthermore, the absence of GluN2 A resulted in increased levels of all NCAM isoforms in PFC upon LPS which was followed with a decrease in GluN1 and GluN2B subunits. The levels of AMPA receptor subunits (GluA1, GluA3, and GluA4) in the hippocampus of GluN2 A mice were unaltered upon the treatment and abundantly present in the PFC of KO mice. These results indicate that the GluN2 A subunit is critical in neuroinflammation-related depression, that its absence abolishes LPS-induced depressive phenotype, sustains PSA-NCAM levels, increases proBDNF signalling in the PFC and hippocampus and potentiates synaptic stabilization through NCAM in the PFC upon an immune challenge. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
T2  - Behavioural Brain Research
T1  - Disruption of the NMDA receptor GluN2A subunit abolishes inflammation-induced depression
VL  - 359
SP  - 550
EP  - 559
DO  - 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.10.011
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Francija, Ester and Petrović, Zorica and Brkić, Željka and Mitić, Miloš and Radulović, Jelena and Adžić, Miroslav",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Recent reports have demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressive-like behaviour is mediated via NMDA receptor. In this study, we further investigated the role of GluN2 A subunit of NMDA receptor in synaptic processes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus of GluN2 A knockout (KO) mice in LPS-induced depressive-like behavior. Our data suggest that LPS-treated mice, lacking GluN2 A subunit, did not exhibit depressive-like behaviour. This was accompanied by unaltered levels of IL-6 and significant changes in neuroplasticity markers and glutamate receptor subunits composition in PFC and hippocampus. In particular, an immune challenge in GluN2 A KO mice resulted in unchanged PSA-NCAM levels and proBDNF increase in both brain structures as well as in increase in BDNF levels in hippocampus. Furthermore, the absence of GluN2 A resulted in increased levels of all NCAM isoforms in PFC upon LPS which was followed with a decrease in GluN1 and GluN2B subunits. The levels of AMPA receptor subunits (GluA1, GluA3, and GluA4) in the hippocampus of GluN2 A mice were unaltered upon the treatment and abundantly present in the PFC of KO mice. These results indicate that the GluN2 A subunit is critical in neuroinflammation-related depression, that its absence abolishes LPS-induced depressive phenotype, sustains PSA-NCAM levels, increases proBDNF signalling in the PFC and hippocampus and potentiates synaptic stabilization through NCAM in the PFC upon an immune challenge. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.",
journal = "Behavioural Brain Research",
title = "Disruption of the NMDA receptor GluN2A subunit abolishes inflammation-induced depression",
volume = "359",
pages = "550-559",
doi = "10.1016/j.bbr.2018.10.011"
}
Francija, E., Petrović, Z., Brkić, Ž., Mitić, M., Radulović, J.,& Adžić, M.. (2019). Disruption of the NMDA receptor GluN2A subunit abolishes inflammation-induced depression. in Behavioural Brain Research, 359, 550-559.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2018.10.011
Francija E, Petrović Z, Brkić Ž, Mitić M, Radulović J, Adžić M. Disruption of the NMDA receptor GluN2A subunit abolishes inflammation-induced depression. in Behavioural Brain Research. 2019;359:550-559.
doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2018.10.011 .
Francija, Ester, Petrović, Zorica, Brkić, Željka, Mitić, Miloš, Radulović, Jelena, Adžić, Miroslav, "Disruption of the NMDA receptor GluN2A subunit abolishes inflammation-induced depression" in Behavioural Brain Research, 359 (2019):550-559,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2018.10.011 . .
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Glucocorticoid receptor alpha translational isoforms as mediators of early adversities and negative emotional states

Adžić, Miroslav; Glavonić, Emilija; Nešić, Milica J.; Milosavljević, Minja; Mihaljević, Marina; Petrović, Zorica D.; Pavlović, Zorana; Brkić, Željka; Francija, Ester; Soldatović, Ivan A.; Mitić, Miloš; Radulović, Jelena; Marić, Nađa P.

(2019)

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adžić, Miroslav
AU  - Glavonić, Emilija
AU  - Nešić, Milica J.
AU  - Milosavljević, Minja
AU  - Mihaljević, Marina
AU  - Petrović, Zorica D.
AU  - Pavlović, Zorana
AU  - Brkić, Željka
AU  - Francija, Ester
AU  - Soldatović, Ivan A.
AU  - Mitić, Miloš
AU  - Radulović, Jelena
AU  - Marić, Nađa P.
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/8010
AB  - Childhood trauma (CT) increases the risk for psychopathology through disturbed acquisition and extinction of fear. The effects of CT are mediated by abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Since, the alterations in GRα translational isoforms have been documented in psychiatric disorders we sought to: 1) explore whether multiple GRα isoforms in the human peripheral blood mononuclear cells of two independent cohorts (whole cell n = 40; and nuclear extracts n = 43, adult subjects) mediate the effect of CT on negative affectivity (NA) measured by Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS), and 2) examine their role/function during fear extinction in the animal model. In multiple regression analysis, CT, nuclear 40-kDa GRα their interactions and FKBP5 explained 22%–35% of variance in DASS scores. Structural equation modeling showed that CT had a significant direct effect on 40-kDa and DASS in both cohorts, and on the nuclear 25-kDa GRα. The association between 40-kDa and total DASS was significantly mediated by nuclear FKBP5, whereas on DASS anxiety, over FKBP5 in both cohorts and nuclear full length GRα. Nuclear 40-kDa GRα and its interaction with CT had a significant direct effect on DASS anxiety. In mice, the successful extinction learning was followed by nuclear translocation of 40-kDa GRα and induction of BDNF exon IV expression. Our data revealed that the association between CT and adult NA in non-clinical subjects is mediated by the GRα translational isoforms, in particular 40-kDa GRα and emphasized its role in fear extinction and neural plasticity. © 2018 Elsevier Inc.
T2  - Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
T1  - Glucocorticoid receptor alpha translational isoforms as mediators of early adversities and negative emotional states
VL  - 90
SP  - 288
EP  - 299
DO  - 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.12.011
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Adžić, Miroslav and Glavonić, Emilija and Nešić, Milica J. and Milosavljević, Minja and Mihaljević, Marina and Petrović, Zorica D. and Pavlović, Zorana and Brkić, Željka and Francija, Ester and Soldatović, Ivan A. and Mitić, Miloš and Radulović, Jelena and Marić, Nađa P.",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Childhood trauma (CT) increases the risk for psychopathology through disturbed acquisition and extinction of fear. The effects of CT are mediated by abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Since, the alterations in GRα translational isoforms have been documented in psychiatric disorders we sought to: 1) explore whether multiple GRα isoforms in the human peripheral blood mononuclear cells of two independent cohorts (whole cell n = 40; and nuclear extracts n = 43, adult subjects) mediate the effect of CT on negative affectivity (NA) measured by Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS), and 2) examine their role/function during fear extinction in the animal model. In multiple regression analysis, CT, nuclear 40-kDa GRα their interactions and FKBP5 explained 22%–35% of variance in DASS scores. Structural equation modeling showed that CT had a significant direct effect on 40-kDa and DASS in both cohorts, and on the nuclear 25-kDa GRα. The association between 40-kDa and total DASS was significantly mediated by nuclear FKBP5, whereas on DASS anxiety, over FKBP5 in both cohorts and nuclear full length GRα. Nuclear 40-kDa GRα and its interaction with CT had a significant direct effect on DASS anxiety. In mice, the successful extinction learning was followed by nuclear translocation of 40-kDa GRα and induction of BDNF exon IV expression. Our data revealed that the association between CT and adult NA in non-clinical subjects is mediated by the GRα translational isoforms, in particular 40-kDa GRα and emphasized its role in fear extinction and neural plasticity. © 2018 Elsevier Inc.",
journal = "Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry",
title = "Glucocorticoid receptor alpha translational isoforms as mediators of early adversities and negative emotional states",
volume = "90",
pages = "288-299",
doi = "10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.12.011"
}
Adžić, M., Glavonić, E., Nešić, M. J., Milosavljević, M., Mihaljević, M., Petrović, Z. D., Pavlović, Z., Brkić, Ž., Francija, E., Soldatović, I. A., Mitić, M., Radulović, J.,& Marić, N. P.. (2019). Glucocorticoid receptor alpha translational isoforms as mediators of early adversities and negative emotional states. in Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 90, 288-299.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.12.011
Adžić M, Glavonić E, Nešić MJ, Milosavljević M, Mihaljević M, Petrović ZD, Pavlović Z, Brkić Ž, Francija E, Soldatović IA, Mitić M, Radulović J, Marić NP. Glucocorticoid receptor alpha translational isoforms as mediators of early adversities and negative emotional states. in Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 2019;90:288-299.
doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.12.011 .
Adžić, Miroslav, Glavonić, Emilija, Nešić, Milica J., Milosavljević, Minja, Mihaljević, Marina, Petrović, Zorica D., Pavlović, Zorana, Brkić, Željka, Francija, Ester, Soldatović, Ivan A., Mitić, Miloš, Radulović, Jelena, Marić, Nađa P., "Glucocorticoid receptor alpha translational isoforms as mediators of early adversities and negative emotional states" in Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 90 (2019):288-299,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.12.011 . .
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Therapeutic Strategies for Treatment of Inflammation-related Depression

Adžić, Miroslav; Brkić, Željka; Mitić, Miloš; Francija, Ester; Jovičić, Milica J.; Radulović, Jelena; Marić, Nađa P.

(2018)

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Adžić, Miroslav
AU  - Brkić, Željka
AU  - Mitić, Miloš
AU  - Francija, Ester
AU  - Jovičić, Milica J.
AU  - Radulović, Jelena
AU  - Marić, Nađa P.
PY  - 2018
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1939
AB  - Background: Mounting evidence demonstrates enhanced systemic levels of inflammatory mediators in depression, indicating that inflammation may play a role in the etiology and course of mood disorders. Indeed, proinflammatory cytokines induce a behavioral state of conservation- withdrawal resembling human depression, characterized by negative mood, fatigue, anhedonia, psychomotor retardation, loss of appetite, and cognitive deficits. Neuroinflammation also contributes to non-responsiveness to current antidepressant (AD) therapies. Namely, response to conventional AD medications is associated with a decrease in inflammatory biomarkers, whereas resistance to treatment is accompanied by increased inflammation. Methods: In this review, we will discuss the utility and shortcomings of pharmacologic AD treatment strategies focused on inflammatory pathways, applied alone or as an adjuvant component to current AD therapies. Results: Mechanisms of cytokine actions on behavior involve activation of inflammatory pathways in the brain, resulting in changes of neurotransmitter metabolism, neuroendocrine function, and neuronal plasticity. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors exhibit the most beneficial effects in restraining the inflammation markers in depression. Different anti-inflammatory agents exhibit AD effects via modulating neurotransmitter systems, neuroplasticity markers and glucocorticoid receptor signaling. Anti-inflammatory add-on therapy in depression highlights such treatment as a candidate for enhancement strategy in patients with moderate-to-severe depression. Conclusion: The interactions between the immune system and CNS are not only involved in shaping behavior, but also in responding to therapeutics. Even though, substantial evidence from animal and human research support a beneficial effect of anti-inflammatory add-on therapy in depression, further research with special attention on safety, particularly during prolonged periods of antiinflammatory co-treatments, is required.
T2  - Current Neuropharmacology
T1  - Therapeutic Strategies for Treatment of Inflammation-related Depression
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
SP  - 176
EP  - 209
DO  - 10.2174/1570159X15666170828163048
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Adžić, Miroslav and Brkić, Željka and Mitić, Miloš and Francija, Ester and Jovičić, Milica J. and Radulović, Jelena and Marić, Nađa P.",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Background: Mounting evidence demonstrates enhanced systemic levels of inflammatory mediators in depression, indicating that inflammation may play a role in the etiology and course of mood disorders. Indeed, proinflammatory cytokines induce a behavioral state of conservation- withdrawal resembling human depression, characterized by negative mood, fatigue, anhedonia, psychomotor retardation, loss of appetite, and cognitive deficits. Neuroinflammation also contributes to non-responsiveness to current antidepressant (AD) therapies. Namely, response to conventional AD medications is associated with a decrease in inflammatory biomarkers, whereas resistance to treatment is accompanied by increased inflammation. Methods: In this review, we will discuss the utility and shortcomings of pharmacologic AD treatment strategies focused on inflammatory pathways, applied alone or as an adjuvant component to current AD therapies. Results: Mechanisms of cytokine actions on behavior involve activation of inflammatory pathways in the brain, resulting in changes of neurotransmitter metabolism, neuroendocrine function, and neuronal plasticity. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors exhibit the most beneficial effects in restraining the inflammation markers in depression. Different anti-inflammatory agents exhibit AD effects via modulating neurotransmitter systems, neuroplasticity markers and glucocorticoid receptor signaling. Anti-inflammatory add-on therapy in depression highlights such treatment as a candidate for enhancement strategy in patients with moderate-to-severe depression. Conclusion: The interactions between the immune system and CNS are not only involved in shaping behavior, but also in responding to therapeutics. Even though, substantial evidence from animal and human research support a beneficial effect of anti-inflammatory add-on therapy in depression, further research with special attention on safety, particularly during prolonged periods of antiinflammatory co-treatments, is required.",
journal = "Current Neuropharmacology",
title = "Therapeutic Strategies for Treatment of Inflammation-related Depression",
volume = "16",
number = "2",
pages = "176-209",
doi = "10.2174/1570159X15666170828163048"
}
Adžić, M., Brkić, Ž., Mitić, M., Francija, E., Jovičić, M. J., Radulović, J.,& Marić, N. P.. (2018). Therapeutic Strategies for Treatment of Inflammation-related Depression. in Current Neuropharmacology, 16(2), 176-209.
https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X15666170828163048
Adžić M, Brkić Ž, Mitić M, Francija E, Jovičić MJ, Radulović J, Marić NP. Therapeutic Strategies for Treatment of Inflammation-related Depression. in Current Neuropharmacology. 2018;16(2):176-209.
doi:10.2174/1570159X15666170828163048 .
Adžić, Miroslav, Brkić, Željka, Mitić, Miloš, Francija, Ester, Jovičić, Milica J., Radulović, Jelena, Marić, Nađa P., "Therapeutic Strategies for Treatment of Inflammation-related Depression" in Current Neuropharmacology, 16, no. 2 (2018):176-209,
https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X15666170828163048 . .
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Accumulation of Cytoplasmic Glucocorticoid Receptor Is Related to Elevation of FKBP5 in Lymphocytes of Depressed Patients

Lukić, Iva; Mitić, Miloš; Soldatovic, Ivan; Jovičić, Milica; Marić, Nađa; Radulović, Jelena; Adžić, Miroslav

(2015)

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lukić, Iva
AU  - Mitić, Miloš
AU  - Soldatovic, Ivan
AU  - Jovičić, Milica
AU  - Marić, Nađa
AU  - Radulović, Jelena
AU  - Adžić, Miroslav
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/445
AB  - We have previously shown that patients with the major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibited elevated phosphorylation of the lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor (GR) at serine 226 (S226). Here, we further analyse potential alterations of GR signalization in lymphocytes of MDD patients, i.e. the cytoplasmic/nuclear distribution of GR, levels of FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5) and glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ). The FKBP5 acts as an important regulator of GR activation, by decreasing ligand binding and impeding translocation of the receptor to the nucleus, while GILZ mediates glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory effects. Our result showed that the depressed patients had significantly higher GR levels in the cytoplasm compared to controls, which was accompanied by higher FKBP5 levels. Linear regression model demonstrated significantly higher correlation between FKBP5 and cytoplasmic GR than the presence of MDD itself or phosphorylation of nuclear GR at S226. There were no differences in the levels of GILZ isoforms. Therefore, the results suggest that accumulation of the GR in cytoplasm is related to the elevation of FKBP5, adding one more step in understanding altered GR signalling in lymphocytes, and potentially brain tissue, of MDD patients.
T2  - Journal of Molecular Neuroscience
T1  - Accumulation of Cytoplasmic Glucocorticoid Receptor Is Related to Elevation of FKBP5 in Lymphocytes of Depressed Patients
VL  - 55
IS  - 4
SP  - 951
EP  - 958
DO  - 10.1007/s12031-014-0451-z
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Lukić, Iva and Mitić, Miloš and Soldatovic, Ivan and Jovičić, Milica and Marić, Nađa and Radulović, Jelena and Adžić, Miroslav",
year = "2015",
abstract = "We have previously shown that patients with the major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibited elevated phosphorylation of the lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor (GR) at serine 226 (S226). Here, we further analyse potential alterations of GR signalization in lymphocytes of MDD patients, i.e. the cytoplasmic/nuclear distribution of GR, levels of FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5) and glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ). The FKBP5 acts as an important regulator of GR activation, by decreasing ligand binding and impeding translocation of the receptor to the nucleus, while GILZ mediates glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory effects. Our result showed that the depressed patients had significantly higher GR levels in the cytoplasm compared to controls, which was accompanied by higher FKBP5 levels. Linear regression model demonstrated significantly higher correlation between FKBP5 and cytoplasmic GR than the presence of MDD itself or phosphorylation of nuclear GR at S226. There were no differences in the levels of GILZ isoforms. Therefore, the results suggest that accumulation of the GR in cytoplasm is related to the elevation of FKBP5, adding one more step in understanding altered GR signalling in lymphocytes, and potentially brain tissue, of MDD patients.",
journal = "Journal of Molecular Neuroscience",
title = "Accumulation of Cytoplasmic Glucocorticoid Receptor Is Related to Elevation of FKBP5 in Lymphocytes of Depressed Patients",
volume = "55",
number = "4",
pages = "951-958",
doi = "10.1007/s12031-014-0451-z"
}
Lukić, I., Mitić, M., Soldatovic, I., Jovičić, M., Marić, N., Radulović, J.,& Adžić, M.. (2015). Accumulation of Cytoplasmic Glucocorticoid Receptor Is Related to Elevation of FKBP5 in Lymphocytes of Depressed Patients. in Journal of Molecular Neuroscience, 55(4), 951-958.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-014-0451-z
Lukić I, Mitić M, Soldatovic I, Jovičić M, Marić N, Radulović J, Adžić M. Accumulation of Cytoplasmic Glucocorticoid Receptor Is Related to Elevation of FKBP5 in Lymphocytes of Depressed Patients. in Journal of Molecular Neuroscience. 2015;55(4):951-958.
doi:10.1007/s12031-014-0451-z .
Lukić, Iva, Mitić, Miloš, Soldatovic, Ivan, Jovičić, Milica, Marić, Nađa, Radulović, Jelena, Adžić, Miroslav, "Accumulation of Cytoplasmic Glucocorticoid Receptor Is Related to Elevation of FKBP5 in Lymphocytes of Depressed Patients" in Journal of Molecular Neuroscience, 55, no. 4 (2015):951-958,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-014-0451-z . .
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