Formation and ionization energies of small chlorine-doped lithium clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry
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Veličković, SuzanaĐustebek, Jasmina B.
Veljković, Filip M.
Radak, Bojan
Veljković, Miomir V.
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RATIONALE: Theoretical calculations have shown that the first ionization energy of clusters of the type LinCl (n GT = 2), with more than eight valent electrons, is lower than that of alkali metal atoms; hence they are named superalkali. Superalkali clusters can mimic the chemical behavior of alkali metals and may be used as building blocks of new cluster-assembled materials. There is currently no reliable experimental proof of this kind of clusters and such proof is required. METHODS: The LinCl (n = 2-6) clusters were produced by a thermal ionization source of modified design, and mass selected by a magnetic-sector mass spectrometer. The modification pertains to the replacement of the side filaments by a cylinder in the triple-filament thermal ionization source. The sample, which is LiCl salt, was pressed into a ring and placed on the inner wall of the cylinder. RESULTS: It was observed that the ions of clusters with an even number of lithium atoms (Li2Cl+, Li4Cl+, Li6Cl+) are more sta...ble than the odd-numbered ones (Li5Cl+, Li3Cl+). The ionization energies were determined to be 3.98 +/- 0.25 eV for Li2Cl, 4.10 +/- 0.25 eV for Li3Cl, 3.90 +/- 0.25 eV for Li4Cl, 4.01 +/- 0.25 eV for Li5Cl, and 4.09 +/- 0.25 eV for Li6Cl. The presence of a halogen atom reduces the ionization energy of the metal clusters. CONCLUSIONS: The thermal ionization source of modified design presents a suitable simple way to obtaining and measuring the ionization energies of very small lithium monochloride clusters. Clusters LinCl, n = 4 to 6, were detected for the first time. Copyright (C) 2012 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
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Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2012, 26, 4, 443-448Funding / projects:
- Effects of laser radiation and plasma on novel materials in their synthesis, modification, and analysis (RS-172019)
DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6122
ISSN: 0951-4198
PubMed: 22279020
WoS: 000299739700006
Scopus: 2-s2.0-84856271359
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VinčaTY - JOUR AU - Veličković, Suzana AU - Đustebek, Jasmina B. AU - Veljković, Filip M. AU - Radak, Bojan AU - Veljković, Miomir V. PY - 2012 UR - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4666 AB - RATIONALE: Theoretical calculations have shown that the first ionization energy of clusters of the type LinCl (n GT = 2), with more than eight valent electrons, is lower than that of alkali metal atoms; hence they are named superalkali. Superalkali clusters can mimic the chemical behavior of alkali metals and may be used as building blocks of new cluster-assembled materials. There is currently no reliable experimental proof of this kind of clusters and such proof is required. METHODS: The LinCl (n = 2-6) clusters were produced by a thermal ionization source of modified design, and mass selected by a magnetic-sector mass spectrometer. The modification pertains to the replacement of the side filaments by a cylinder in the triple-filament thermal ionization source. The sample, which is LiCl salt, was pressed into a ring and placed on the inner wall of the cylinder. RESULTS: It was observed that the ions of clusters with an even number of lithium atoms (Li2Cl+, Li4Cl+, Li6Cl+) are more stable than the odd-numbered ones (Li5Cl+, Li3Cl+). The ionization energies were determined to be 3.98 +/- 0.25 eV for Li2Cl, 4.10 +/- 0.25 eV for Li3Cl, 3.90 +/- 0.25 eV for Li4Cl, 4.01 +/- 0.25 eV for Li5Cl, and 4.09 +/- 0.25 eV for Li6Cl. The presence of a halogen atom reduces the ionization energy of the metal clusters. CONCLUSIONS: The thermal ionization source of modified design presents a suitable simple way to obtaining and measuring the ionization energies of very small lithium monochloride clusters. Clusters LinCl, n = 4 to 6, were detected for the first time. Copyright (C) 2012 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. T2 - Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry T1 - Formation and ionization energies of small chlorine-doped lithium clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry VL - 26 IS - 4 SP - 443 EP - 448 DO - 10.1002/rcm.6122 ER -
@article{ author = "Veličković, Suzana and Đustebek, Jasmina B. and Veljković, Filip M. and Radak, Bojan and Veljković, Miomir V.", year = "2012", abstract = "RATIONALE: Theoretical calculations have shown that the first ionization energy of clusters of the type LinCl (n GT = 2), with more than eight valent electrons, is lower than that of alkali metal atoms; hence they are named superalkali. Superalkali clusters can mimic the chemical behavior of alkali metals and may be used as building blocks of new cluster-assembled materials. There is currently no reliable experimental proof of this kind of clusters and such proof is required. METHODS: The LinCl (n = 2-6) clusters were produced by a thermal ionization source of modified design, and mass selected by a magnetic-sector mass spectrometer. The modification pertains to the replacement of the side filaments by a cylinder in the triple-filament thermal ionization source. The sample, which is LiCl salt, was pressed into a ring and placed on the inner wall of the cylinder. RESULTS: It was observed that the ions of clusters with an even number of lithium atoms (Li2Cl+, Li4Cl+, Li6Cl+) are more stable than the odd-numbered ones (Li5Cl+, Li3Cl+). The ionization energies were determined to be 3.98 +/- 0.25 eV for Li2Cl, 4.10 +/- 0.25 eV for Li3Cl, 3.90 +/- 0.25 eV for Li4Cl, 4.01 +/- 0.25 eV for Li5Cl, and 4.09 +/- 0.25 eV for Li6Cl. The presence of a halogen atom reduces the ionization energy of the metal clusters. CONCLUSIONS: The thermal ionization source of modified design presents a suitable simple way to obtaining and measuring the ionization energies of very small lithium monochloride clusters. Clusters LinCl, n = 4 to 6, were detected for the first time. Copyright (C) 2012 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.", journal = "Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry", title = "Formation and ionization energies of small chlorine-doped lithium clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry", volume = "26", number = "4", pages = "443-448", doi = "10.1002/rcm.6122" }
Veličković, S., Đustebek, J. B., Veljković, F. M., Radak, B.,& Veljković, M. V.. (2012). Formation and ionization energies of small chlorine-doped lithium clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry. in Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 26(4), 443-448. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.6122
Veličković S, Đustebek JB, Veljković FM, Radak B, Veljković MV. Formation and ionization energies of small chlorine-doped lithium clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry. in Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. 2012;26(4):443-448. doi:10.1002/rcm.6122 .
Veličković, Suzana, Đustebek, Jasmina B., Veljković, Filip M., Radak, Bojan, Veljković, Miomir V., "Formation and ionization energies of small chlorine-doped lithium clusters by thermal ionization mass spectrometry" in Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 26, no. 4 (2012):443-448, https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.6122 . .