Sixth-century Byzantine glass from Limes Fortifications on Serbian Danube
Apstrakt
Thirty-two glasses from four Byzantine fortifications located on the Danube in Serbia, dated to the sixth-century CE, are analysed by PIXE/PIGE, and their compositional types are determined. Most of the glasses belong to Late Antique type Foy 2.1 (22), the rest being Foy 3.2 (3), HIMTa (1), Levantine (2), plant-ash (3), and coloured black (1). The diversity of compositional types and provenances characterizing the same area during the third to fourth century, changed in the sixth century into uniformity of glass types and provenance: more than two-thirds of all glass types represent only one type (Foy 2.1), and at least 87% of all imports came from a single region, Egypt. Apart from two glasses reported herein, no Levantine glasses are reported from Serbia, and almost none from the inner Balkans, which is in contrast with the rest of the Mediterranean excluding Egypt. The reasons for this might be the economic aftermath of earlier Hunnic raids or possible centralization of raw glass im...ports during the Justinian rebuilding program. Two plant ash glasses of mixed composition, showing characteristics of Egyptian plant-ash flux and Mesopotamian sand, likely represent recycled glass originating from these two regions.
Ključne reči:
Byzantine / Glass / Levantine / PIXE/PIGE / Plant ash / SerbiaIzvor:
Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2023, 15, 11Finansiranje / projekti:
- Ministarstvo nauke, tehnološkog razvoja i inovacija Republike Srbije, institucionalno finansiranje - 200017 (Univerzitet u Beogradu, Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča, Beograd-Vinča) (RS-MESTD-inst-2020-200017)
Kolekcije
Institucija/grupa
VinčaTY - JOUR AU - Balvanović, Roman AU - Šmit, Žiga AU - Stojanović, Milica Marić AU - Špehar, Perica AU - Milović, Olivera PY - 2023 UR - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11836 AB - Thirty-two glasses from four Byzantine fortifications located on the Danube in Serbia, dated to the sixth-century CE, are analysed by PIXE/PIGE, and their compositional types are determined. Most of the glasses belong to Late Antique type Foy 2.1 (22), the rest being Foy 3.2 (3), HIMTa (1), Levantine (2), plant-ash (3), and coloured black (1). The diversity of compositional types and provenances characterizing the same area during the third to fourth century, changed in the sixth century into uniformity of glass types and provenance: more than two-thirds of all glass types represent only one type (Foy 2.1), and at least 87% of all imports came from a single region, Egypt. Apart from two glasses reported herein, no Levantine glasses are reported from Serbia, and almost none from the inner Balkans, which is in contrast with the rest of the Mediterranean excluding Egypt. The reasons for this might be the economic aftermath of earlier Hunnic raids or possible centralization of raw glass imports during the Justinian rebuilding program. Two plant ash glasses of mixed composition, showing characteristics of Egyptian plant-ash flux and Mesopotamian sand, likely represent recycled glass originating from these two regions. T2 - Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences T1 - Sixth-century Byzantine glass from Limes Fortifications on Serbian Danube VL - 15 IS - 11 DO - 10.1007/s12520-023-01872-8 ER -
@article{ author = "Balvanović, Roman and Šmit, Žiga and Stojanović, Milica Marić and Špehar, Perica and Milović, Olivera", year = "2023", abstract = "Thirty-two glasses from four Byzantine fortifications located on the Danube in Serbia, dated to the sixth-century CE, are analysed by PIXE/PIGE, and their compositional types are determined. Most of the glasses belong to Late Antique type Foy 2.1 (22), the rest being Foy 3.2 (3), HIMTa (1), Levantine (2), plant-ash (3), and coloured black (1). The diversity of compositional types and provenances characterizing the same area during the third to fourth century, changed in the sixth century into uniformity of glass types and provenance: more than two-thirds of all glass types represent only one type (Foy 2.1), and at least 87% of all imports came from a single region, Egypt. Apart from two glasses reported herein, no Levantine glasses are reported from Serbia, and almost none from the inner Balkans, which is in contrast with the rest of the Mediterranean excluding Egypt. The reasons for this might be the economic aftermath of earlier Hunnic raids or possible centralization of raw glass imports during the Justinian rebuilding program. Two plant ash glasses of mixed composition, showing characteristics of Egyptian plant-ash flux and Mesopotamian sand, likely represent recycled glass originating from these two regions.", journal = "Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences", title = "Sixth-century Byzantine glass from Limes Fortifications on Serbian Danube", volume = "15", number = "11", doi = "10.1007/s12520-023-01872-8" }
Balvanović, R., Šmit, Ž., Stojanović, M. M., Špehar, P.,& Milović, O.. (2023). Sixth-century Byzantine glass from Limes Fortifications on Serbian Danube. in Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 15(11). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-023-01872-8
Balvanović R, Šmit Ž, Stojanović MM, Špehar P, Milović O. Sixth-century Byzantine glass from Limes Fortifications on Serbian Danube. in Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences. 2023;15(11). doi:10.1007/s12520-023-01872-8 .
Balvanović, Roman, Šmit, Žiga, Stojanović, Milica Marić, Špehar, Perica, Milović, Olivera, "Sixth-century Byzantine glass from Limes Fortifications on Serbian Danube" in Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 15, no. 11 (2023), https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-023-01872-8 . .