Monitoring doze za očno sočivo u interventnoj radiologiji i kardiologiji

Abstract

Sledeći rezultate epidemioloških studija o efektu jonizujućih zračenja na očno stočivo, Međunarodna komisija za zaštitu od zračenja revidirala je granicu izlaganja za očno sočivo, imajući u vidu da u slučaju dugotrajnog izlaganja malim dozama i malim jačinama doza na radnom mestu, katarakta može nastati na nivou doze daleko manjim od ranije utvrđenog praga. Ovakve situacije su tipične za profesionalna izlaganja u interventnoj kardiologiji i radiologiji. Cilj ovog rada je prikaz metodologije za donošenje odluke o potrebi za individualnim monitringom za očno sočivo i prikaz rezultata pilot monitoringa u interventnoj kardiologiji pomoću namenskih dozimetara za očno sočivo kalibrisanim u dozimetrijskoj veličini lični dozni ekvivalent Hp(3).

Following recent epidemiological evidences on effects of ionizing radiation to the eye lens, International Commission on Radiological Protection has re-evaluated dose limit to the lens of the eye, owing that protracted exposure to the relatively small doses and dose rates may lead to the cataract at dose levels much lower than previously set dose thresholds. Such satiations are typical for occupational exposure in interventional cardiology and radiology. Occupational exposure from interventional x-ray procedures is an area in which increased eye lens exposure may occur. Accurate dosimetry is an important element to investigate the correlation of observed radiation effects with radiation dose, to verify the compliance with regulatory dose limits, and to optimize radiation protection practice. The papers presents the overview of practical methods for eye lens doses assessment as well as typical occupational eye lens dose levels in interventional procedures in cardiology and radiology. In addition, a methodology to assist decision making about need for specific eye lens individual monitoring using a dedicated passive dosimeters calibrated in terms of Hp(3) is presented in this paper.