Tryptophan Metabolism in Atherosclerosis and Diabetes
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Аутори
Sudar-Milovanović, EminaGluvić, Zoran
Obradović, Milan M.
Zarić, Božidarka
Isenović, Esma R.
Чланак у часопису (Објављена верзија)
,
© Bentham Science Publishers
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The essential amino acid tryptophan (Trp) undergoes catabolism through several pathways, producing biologically active metabolites that significantly impact physiological processes. The metabolic pathway responsible for the majority of Trp catabolism is the kynurenine synthesis pathway (KP). Serotonin and melatonin are among the most essential Trp pathways degradation products. It has emerged that a strong relationship exists between alterations in Trp metabolism and the onset and progression of atherosclerosis and diabetes. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the small and medium arteries wall caused by maladaptive local immune responses, which underpins several cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Systemic low-grade immune-mediated inflammation is implicated in atherosclerosis where pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ), play a significant role. IFN-γ upregulates the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), decreasing serum levels of the Trp and increas...ing metabolite levels of kynurenine. Increased IDO expression and activity could accelerate the atherosclerosis process. Therefore, activated IDO inhibition could offer possible treatment options regarding atherosclerosis management. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that, over time, leads to severe damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and peripheral nerves. Trp serum levels and lower activity of IDO were higher in future type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. This article reviews recent findings on the link between mammalian Trp metabolism and its role in atherosclerosis and diabetes and outlines the intervention strategies.
Кључне речи:
3-dioxygenase / Atherosclerosis / Diabetes / Indoleamine 2 / Kynurenine / Kynurenine pathway / TryptophanИзвор:
Current Medicinal Chemistry, 2022, 29, 1, 99-113Финансирање / пројекти:
- Министарство науке, технолошког развоја и иновација Републике Србије, институционално финансирање - 200017 (Универзитет у Београду, Институт за нуклеарне науке Винча, Београд-Винча) (RS-MESTD-inst-2020-200017)
DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210714153649
ISSN: 0929-8673
PubMed: 34269660
WoS: 000740936400009
Scopus: 2-s2.0-85123413747
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Институција/група
VinčaTY - JOUR AU - Sudar-Milovanović, Emina AU - Gluvić, Zoran AU - Obradović, Milan M. AU - Zarić, Božidarka AU - Isenović, Esma R. PY - 2022 UR - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/10147 AB - The essential amino acid tryptophan (Trp) undergoes catabolism through several pathways, producing biologically active metabolites that significantly impact physiological processes. The metabolic pathway responsible for the majority of Trp catabolism is the kynurenine synthesis pathway (KP). Serotonin and melatonin are among the most essential Trp pathways degradation products. It has emerged that a strong relationship exists between alterations in Trp metabolism and the onset and progression of atherosclerosis and diabetes. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the small and medium arteries wall caused by maladaptive local immune responses, which underpins several cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Systemic low-grade immune-mediated inflammation is implicated in atherosclerosis where pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ), play a significant role. IFN-γ upregulates the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), decreasing serum levels of the Trp and increasing metabolite levels of kynurenine. Increased IDO expression and activity could accelerate the atherosclerosis process. Therefore, activated IDO inhibition could offer possible treatment options regarding atherosclerosis management. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that, over time, leads to severe damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and peripheral nerves. Trp serum levels and lower activity of IDO were higher in future type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. This article reviews recent findings on the link between mammalian Trp metabolism and its role in atherosclerosis and diabetes and outlines the intervention strategies. T2 - Current Medicinal Chemistry T1 - Tryptophan Metabolism in Atherosclerosis and Diabetes VL - 29 IS - 1 SP - 99 EP - 113 DO - 10.2174/0929867328666210714153649 ER -
@article{ author = "Sudar-Milovanović, Emina and Gluvić, Zoran and Obradović, Milan M. and Zarić, Božidarka and Isenović, Esma R.", year = "2022", abstract = "The essential amino acid tryptophan (Trp) undergoes catabolism through several pathways, producing biologically active metabolites that significantly impact physiological processes. The metabolic pathway responsible for the majority of Trp catabolism is the kynurenine synthesis pathway (KP). Serotonin and melatonin are among the most essential Trp pathways degradation products. It has emerged that a strong relationship exists between alterations in Trp metabolism and the onset and progression of atherosclerosis and diabetes. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the small and medium arteries wall caused by maladaptive local immune responses, which underpins several cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Systemic low-grade immune-mediated inflammation is implicated in atherosclerosis where pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ), play a significant role. IFN-γ upregulates the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), decreasing serum levels of the Trp and increasing metabolite levels of kynurenine. Increased IDO expression and activity could accelerate the atherosclerosis process. Therefore, activated IDO inhibition could offer possible treatment options regarding atherosclerosis management. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that, over time, leads to severe damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and peripheral nerves. Trp serum levels and lower activity of IDO were higher in future type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. This article reviews recent findings on the link between mammalian Trp metabolism and its role in atherosclerosis and diabetes and outlines the intervention strategies.", journal = "Current Medicinal Chemistry", title = "Tryptophan Metabolism in Atherosclerosis and Diabetes", volume = "29", number = "1", pages = "99-113", doi = "10.2174/0929867328666210714153649" }
Sudar-Milovanović, E., Gluvić, Z., Obradović, M. M., Zarić, B.,& Isenović, E. R.. (2022). Tryptophan Metabolism in Atherosclerosis and Diabetes. in Current Medicinal Chemistry, 29(1), 99-113. https://doi.org/10.2174/0929867328666210714153649
Sudar-Milovanović E, Gluvić Z, Obradović MM, Zarić B, Isenović ER. Tryptophan Metabolism in Atherosclerosis and Diabetes. in Current Medicinal Chemistry. 2022;29(1):99-113. doi:10.2174/0929867328666210714153649 .
Sudar-Milovanović, Emina, Gluvić, Zoran, Obradović, Milan M., Zarić, Božidarka, Isenović, Esma R., "Tryptophan Metabolism in Atherosclerosis and Diabetes" in Current Medicinal Chemistry, 29, no. 1 (2022):99-113, https://doi.org/10.2174/0929867328666210714153649 . .