TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Ružić, Jovana
AU  - Božić, Dušan
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/720
AB  - Cold pressed mechanically alloyed Cu-1Zr (wt%) and Cu-4.1Zr-1.1B (wt%) powders were sintered by laser irradiation. Laser employed was pulsed, millisecond Nd:YAG laser system. The influence of different sintering parameters on structural, mechanical, and physical properties of laser-sintered materials was investigated. Microstructural changes during laser sintering were studied using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. High hardening of the Cu-Zr alloy is achieved by thermal treatment due to the influence of the developed rapidly solidified structure and precipitation of metastable CuZr. In ternary Cu-Zr-B alloy rapidly solidified structure, as well as the presence of ZrB2 particles and metastable CuZr phase, affected much higher degree of copper matrix hardening which, thanks to the ceramic particles, is retained at high temperatures. It was determined that the optimum combination of high density, microhardness, and electrical conductivity is reached using the following parameters: laser frequency 3 Hz, laser pulse duration 8 ms, pulse energy similar to 19 J, number of scans 3 (binary alloy), i.e., 4 (ternary alloy).
T2  - International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology
T1  - An investigation on synthesis development of high hardened, high conductivity Cu-Zr and Cu-Zr-ZrB2 alloys through green compact laser sintering
VL  - 80
IS  - 5-8
SP  - 1049
EP  - 1057
DO  - 10.1007/s00170-015-7098-y
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Stašić, Jelena and Rajković, Višeslava M. and Ružić, Jovana and Božić, Dušan",
year = "2015",
abstract = "Cold pressed mechanically alloyed Cu-1Zr (wt%) and Cu-4.1Zr-1.1B (wt%) powders were sintered by laser irradiation. Laser employed was pulsed, millisecond Nd:YAG laser system. The influence of different sintering parameters on structural, mechanical, and physical properties of laser-sintered materials was investigated. Microstructural changes during laser sintering were studied using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. High hardening of the Cu-Zr alloy is achieved by thermal treatment due to the influence of the developed rapidly solidified structure and precipitation of metastable CuZr. In ternary Cu-Zr-B alloy rapidly solidified structure, as well as the presence of ZrB2 particles and metastable CuZr phase, affected much higher degree of copper matrix hardening which, thanks to the ceramic particles, is retained at high temperatures. It was determined that the optimum combination of high density, microhardness, and electrical conductivity is reached using the following parameters: laser frequency 3 Hz, laser pulse duration 8 ms, pulse energy similar to 19 J, number of scans 3 (binary alloy), i.e., 4 (ternary alloy).",
journal = "International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology",
title = "An investigation on synthesis development of high hardened, high conductivity Cu-Zr and Cu-Zr-ZrB2 alloys through green compact laser sintering",
volume = "80",
number = "5-8",
pages = "1049-1057",
doi = "10.1007/s00170-015-7098-y"
}

Stašić, J., Rajković, V. M., Ružić, J.,& Božić, D.. (2015). An investigation on synthesis development of high hardened, high conductivity Cu-Zr and Cu-Zr-ZrB2 alloys through green compact laser sintering. in International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 80(5-8), 1049-1057.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-7098-y

Stašić J, Rajković VM, Ružić J, Božić D. An investigation on synthesis development of high hardened, high conductivity Cu-Zr and Cu-Zr-ZrB2 alloys through green compact laser sintering. in International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2015;80(5-8):1049-1057.
doi:10.1007/s00170-015-7098-y .

Stašić, Jelena, Rajković, Višeslava M., Ružić, Jovana, Božić, Dušan, "An investigation on synthesis development of high hardened, high conductivity Cu-Zr and Cu-Zr-ZrB2 alloys through green compact laser sintering" in International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 80, no. 5-8 (2015):1049-1057,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-7098-y . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ružić, Jovana
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Raic, Karlo
AU  - Božić, Dušan
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/792
AB  - The Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy examined in this study was consolidated via powder metallurgy (PM) processing by combining mechanical alloying and hot pressing. Powder mixture with composition: 94.78 wt.% copper, 4.1 wt.% zirconium, and 1.12 wt.% boron was used as a starting material. Mechanical alloying of powder mixture was performed at various times: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 h. Structural changes that occur in the samples of copper alloy with 7vol.%ZrB2 after milling and during hot pressing process were studied with the use of X-ray diffraction. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) was applied to examine the morphological properties and elemental analysis of the hot-pressed samples as a function of milling times. Also, hardness of the Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy was investigated, and the results showed that hardness of the samples increased as the milling time increased. The compressive properties at room temperature are correlated to the corresponding hardness results. Distribution of ZrB2 particles and presence of agglomerates in the Cu matrix directly depend on the milling time and show strong influence on compressive properties and fracture of Cu7vol.%ZrB2 alloy.
T2  - Science and Engineering of Composite Materials
T1  - Microstructural and mechanical properties of Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy produced by powder metallurgy techniques
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
SP  - 665
EP  - 671
DO  - 10.1515/secm-2013-0178
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ružić, Jovana and Stašić, Jelena and Rajković, Višeslava M. and Raic, Karlo and Božić, Dušan",
year = "2015",
abstract = "The Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy examined in this study was consolidated via powder metallurgy (PM) processing by combining mechanical alloying and hot pressing. Powder mixture with composition: 94.78 wt.% copper, 4.1 wt.% zirconium, and 1.12 wt.% boron was used as a starting material. Mechanical alloying of powder mixture was performed at various times: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 h. Structural changes that occur in the samples of copper alloy with 7vol.%ZrB2 after milling and during hot pressing process were studied with the use of X-ray diffraction. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) was applied to examine the morphological properties and elemental analysis of the hot-pressed samples as a function of milling times. Also, hardness of the Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy was investigated, and the results showed that hardness of the samples increased as the milling time increased. The compressive properties at room temperature are correlated to the corresponding hardness results. Distribution of ZrB2 particles and presence of agglomerates in the Cu matrix directly depend on the milling time and show strong influence on compressive properties and fracture of Cu7vol.%ZrB2 alloy.",
journal = "Science and Engineering of Composite Materials",
title = "Microstructural and mechanical properties of Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy produced by powder metallurgy techniques",
volume = "22",
number = "6",
pages = "665-671",
doi = "10.1515/secm-2013-0178"
}

Ružić, J., Stašić, J., Rajković, V. M., Raic, K.,& Božić, D.. (2015). Microstructural and mechanical properties of Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy produced by powder metallurgy techniques. in Science and Engineering of Composite Materials, 22(6), 665-671.
https://doi.org/10.1515/secm-2013-0178

Ružić J, Stašić J, Rajković VM, Raic K, Božić D. Microstructural and mechanical properties of Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy produced by powder metallurgy techniques. in Science and Engineering of Composite Materials. 2015;22(6):665-671.
doi:10.1515/secm-2013-0178 .

Ružić, Jovana, Stašić, Jelena, Rajković, Višeslava M., Raic, Karlo, Božić, Dušan, "Microstructural and mechanical properties of Cu-7vol.%ZrB2 alloy produced by powder metallurgy techniques" in Science and Engineering of Composite Materials, 22, no. 6 (2015):665-671,
https://doi.org/10.1515/secm-2013-0178 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
AU  - Trtica, Milan
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Ružić, Jovana
AU  - Božić, Dušan
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/58
AB  - Cu-4.1Zr-1.1B (wt%) composite has been synthesized by mechanical alloying, cold pressing of mechanically alloyed powders and, for the first time in literature, sintering by laser irradiation (pulsed, millisecond Nd: YAG laser was employed) in nitrogen atmosphere. The influence of different sintering parameters on the properties of laser-sintered materials was investigated. Microstructural changes during laser sintering were studied using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Rapidly solidified structure, as well as the presence of ZrB2 particles and metastable CuZr phase, which are a product of laser sintering, affected higher degree of copper matrix hardening which was retained up to high temperatures. In general, laser sintering of Cu-4.1Zr-1.1B (wt%) green compact using the parameters: laser frequency 3 Hz, laser pulse duration 8 ms, pulse energy similar to 19 J, number of scans 4 yields the optimum combination of high density, microhardness and electrical conductivity. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
T2  - Applied Surface Science
T1  - Laser sintering of Cu-Zr-ZrB2 composite
VL  - 321
SP  - 353
EP  - 357
DO  - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.10.021
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Stašić, Jelena and Trtica, Milan and Rajković, Višeslava M. and Ružić, Jovana and Božić, Dušan",
year = "2014",
abstract = "Cu-4.1Zr-1.1B (wt%) composite has been synthesized by mechanical alloying, cold pressing of mechanically alloyed powders and, for the first time in literature, sintering by laser irradiation (pulsed, millisecond Nd: YAG laser was employed) in nitrogen atmosphere. The influence of different sintering parameters on the properties of laser-sintered materials was investigated. Microstructural changes during laser sintering were studied using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Rapidly solidified structure, as well as the presence of ZrB2 particles and metastable CuZr phase, which are a product of laser sintering, affected higher degree of copper matrix hardening which was retained up to high temperatures. In general, laser sintering of Cu-4.1Zr-1.1B (wt%) green compact using the parameters: laser frequency 3 Hz, laser pulse duration 8 ms, pulse energy similar to 19 J, number of scans 4 yields the optimum combination of high density, microhardness and electrical conductivity. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Applied Surface Science",
title = "Laser sintering of Cu-Zr-ZrB2 composite",
volume = "321",
pages = "353-357",
doi = "10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.10.021"
}

Stašić, J., Trtica, M., Rajković, V. M., Ružić, J.,& Božić, D.. (2014). Laser sintering of Cu-Zr-ZrB2 composite. in Applied Surface Science, 321, 353-357.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.10.021

Stašić J, Trtica M, Rajković VM, Ružić J, Božić D. Laser sintering of Cu-Zr-ZrB2 composite. in Applied Surface Science. 2014;321:353-357.
doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.10.021 .

Stašić, Jelena, Trtica, Milan, Rajković, Višeslava M., Ružić, Jovana, Božić, Dušan, "Laser sintering of Cu-Zr-ZrB2 composite" in Applied Surface Science, 321 (2014):353-357,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.10.021 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Ružić, Jovana
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5886
AB  - The hardening of copper alloy by using powder metallurgy techniques and analysis of its effects on the strength of obtained material are discussed. Prealloyed Cu-0.5 wt.% Cr powder and mechanically alloyed Cu-0.5 wt.% Cr-3 wt.% Al2O3 powder were consolidated by means of hot pressing. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used for microstructure characterization of compacts. Hardness and electrical conductivity of both compacts were compared. High strengthening of the Cu-Cr compacts is achieved by aging as a consequence of the influence of precipitation particles rich in chromium. In the case of the Cu-Cr-Al2O3 composite it is a consequence of precipitation of particles rich in chromium and the presence of Al2O3 dispersoid nanopartidies.
T2  - International Journal of Materials Research
T1  - Synthesis and characteristics of precipitation hardened Cu-Cr alloy and multiply hardened Cu-Cr-Al2O3 nanocomposite obtained using powder metallurgy techniques
VL  - 105
IS  - 2
SP  - 194
EP  - 199
DO  - 10.3139/146.111000
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Božić, Dušan and Ružić, Jovana and Stašić, Jelena and Rajković, Višeslava M.",
year = "2014",
abstract = "The hardening of copper alloy by using powder metallurgy techniques and analysis of its effects on the strength of obtained material are discussed. Prealloyed Cu-0.5 wt.% Cr powder and mechanically alloyed Cu-0.5 wt.% Cr-3 wt.% Al2O3 powder were consolidated by means of hot pressing. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used for microstructure characterization of compacts. Hardness and electrical conductivity of both compacts were compared. High strengthening of the Cu-Cr compacts is achieved by aging as a consequence of the influence of precipitation particles rich in chromium. In the case of the Cu-Cr-Al2O3 composite it is a consequence of precipitation of particles rich in chromium and the presence of Al2O3 dispersoid nanopartidies.",
journal = "International Journal of Materials Research",
title = "Synthesis and characteristics of precipitation hardened Cu-Cr alloy and multiply hardened Cu-Cr-Al2O3 nanocomposite obtained using powder metallurgy techniques",
volume = "105",
number = "2",
pages = "194-199",
doi = "10.3139/146.111000"
}

Božić, D., Ružić, J., Stašić, J.,& Rajković, V. M.. (2014). Synthesis and characteristics of precipitation hardened Cu-Cr alloy and multiply hardened Cu-Cr-Al2O3 nanocomposite obtained using powder metallurgy techniques. in International Journal of Materials Research, 105(2), 194-199.
https://doi.org/10.3139/146.111000

Božić D, Ružić J, Stašić J, Rajković VM. Synthesis and characteristics of precipitation hardened Cu-Cr alloy and multiply hardened Cu-Cr-Al2O3 nanocomposite obtained using powder metallurgy techniques. in International Journal of Materials Research. 2014;105(2):194-199.
doi:10.3139/146.111000 .

Božić, Dušan, Ružić, Jovana, Stašić, Jelena, Rajković, Višeslava M., "Synthesis and characteristics of precipitation hardened Cu-Cr alloy and multiply hardened Cu-Cr-Al2O3 nanocomposite obtained using powder metallurgy techniques" in International Journal of Materials Research, 105, no. 2 (2014):194-199,
https://doi.org/10.3139/146.111000 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ružić, Jovana
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Božić, Dušan
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6099
AB  - Copper matrix composite reinforced with ZrB2 particles was prepared by in situ reaction in two different ways: by mechanical alloying and subsequent hot pressing, i.e. mechanical alloying and followed by laser melting process. Microstructural changes during mechanical alloying, hot pressing and laser melting of Cu, Zr and B powder mixtures were studied using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. In particular, changes in the Cu particle size, structural parameters of the powder mixtures and formation of new ZrB2 and CuZr phases during hot pressing, i.e. laser melting were investigated. The mechanisms of in situ formation of reinforcement particles and hardening effects in the copper composite were also studied. Large supersaturation which is possible with laser melting process results in homogeneous nucleation of CuZr precipitates and the presence of finer CuZr precipitates and ZrB2 reinforcements in the Cu matrix. This affected on significantly higher degree of Cu matrix hardening compared to composites obtained by mechanical alloying and hot pressing. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
T2  - Materials and Design
T1  - Synthesis, microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrB2 nano and microparticle reinforced copper matrix composite by in situ processings
VL  - 62
SP  - 409
EP  - 415
DO  - 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.05.036
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ružić, Jovana and Stašić, Jelena and Rajković, Višeslava M. and Božić, Dušan",
year = "2014",
abstract = "Copper matrix composite reinforced with ZrB2 particles was prepared by in situ reaction in two different ways: by mechanical alloying and subsequent hot pressing, i.e. mechanical alloying and followed by laser melting process. Microstructural changes during mechanical alloying, hot pressing and laser melting of Cu, Zr and B powder mixtures were studied using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. In particular, changes in the Cu particle size, structural parameters of the powder mixtures and formation of new ZrB2 and CuZr phases during hot pressing, i.e. laser melting were investigated. The mechanisms of in situ formation of reinforcement particles and hardening effects in the copper composite were also studied. Large supersaturation which is possible with laser melting process results in homogeneous nucleation of CuZr precipitates and the presence of finer CuZr precipitates and ZrB2 reinforcements in the Cu matrix. This affected on significantly higher degree of Cu matrix hardening compared to composites obtained by mechanical alloying and hot pressing. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Materials and Design",
title = "Synthesis, microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrB2 nano and microparticle reinforced copper matrix composite by in situ processings",
volume = "62",
pages = "409-415",
doi = "10.1016/j.matdes.2014.05.036"
}

Ružić, J., Stašić, J., Rajković, V. M.,& Božić, D.. (2014). Synthesis, microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrB2 nano and microparticle reinforced copper matrix composite by in situ processings. in Materials and Design, 62, 409-415.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.05.036

Ružić J, Stašić J, Rajković VM, Božić D. Synthesis, microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrB2 nano and microparticle reinforced copper matrix composite by in situ processings. in Materials and Design. 2014;62:409-415.
doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2014.05.036 .

Ružić, Jovana, Stašić, Jelena, Rajković, Višeslava M., Božić, Dušan, "Synthesis, microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrB2 nano and microparticle reinforced copper matrix composite by in situ processings" in Materials and Design, 62 (2014):409-415,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.05.036 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
AU  - Jovanović, Milan T.
AU  - Wang, Huaiwen
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/7033
AB  - Copper matrix was simultaneously reinforced with nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles via high-energy milling of the mixture of inert gas-atomized prealloyed Cu-1 wt.% Al powder and 0.6 wt.% commercial Al2O3 powder. At the maximum of microhardness (2400 MPa) the grain size reaches the smallest value as a result of the synergetic effect of nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles. The relatively low decrease in microhardness during HTE may be explained by grain growth which is retarded by Al2O3 nano-sized particles precipitated at the grain boundaries.
T1  - Properties of Copper-Based Composite Reinforced with Al2O3 Particles of Different Size
VL  - 875-877
SP  - 318
EP  - +
DO  - 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.875-877.318
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Rajković, Višeslava M. and Božić, Dušan and Stašić, Jelena and Jovanović, Milan T. and Wang, Huaiwen",
year = "2014",
abstract = "Copper matrix was simultaneously reinforced with nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles via high-energy milling of the mixture of inert gas-atomized prealloyed Cu-1 wt.% Al powder and 0.6 wt.% commercial Al2O3 powder. At the maximum of microhardness (2400 MPa) the grain size reaches the smallest value as a result of the synergetic effect of nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles. The relatively low decrease in microhardness during HTE may be explained by grain growth which is retarded by Al2O3 nano-sized particles precipitated at the grain boundaries.",
title = "Properties of Copper-Based Composite Reinforced with Al2O3 Particles of Different Size",
volume = "875-877",
pages = "318-+",
doi = "10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.875-877.318"
}

Rajković, V. M., Božić, D., Stašić, J., Jovanović, M. T.,& Wang, H.. (2014). Properties of Copper-Based Composite Reinforced with Al2O3 Particles of Different Size. , 875-877, 318-+.
https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.875-877.318

Rajković VM, Božić D, Stašić J, Jovanović MT, Wang H. Properties of Copper-Based Composite Reinforced with Al2O3 Particles of Different Size. 2014;875-877:318-+.
doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.875-877.318 .

Rajković, Višeslava M., Božić, Dušan, Stašić, Jelena, Jovanović, Milan T., Wang, Huaiwen, "Properties of Copper-Based Composite Reinforced with Al2O3 Particles of Different Size", 875-877 (2014):318-+,
https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.875-877.318 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
AU  - Wang, Huaiwen
AU  - Jovanović, Milan T.
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/176
AB  - Copper-based composites strengthened by nano- and micro-sized alumina particles were fabricated by internal oxidation and mechanical alloying followed by hot-pressing. The effect of the simultaneous presence of nano- and micro-sized alumina particles on the microstructure and properties of the copper matrix was the object of this study. The inert gas-atomised prealloyed copper powder containing 0.5 wt.% Al and the mixture of inert gas-atomized prealloyed copper powder with 0.6 wt.% micro-sized alumina powder served as starting materials. Microstructure of composites was studied by X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Microhardness, density and electrical conductivity were also applied for determination of properties. Microstructural characterization showed that nano-sized alumina particles significantly lower the grain size and inhibit the grain growth. Considerable increase of microhardness was also detected. At the maximum values (after 10 h of milling) the microhardness of both composites, Cu-0.5 wt.% Al and hybrid Cu-0.5 wt% Al + 0.6 wt.% Al2O3, was approximately 3 times higher than microhardness of non-milled compacts processed from prealloyed copper and electrolytic copper powders. Micro-sized alumina particles play a twofold role in the strengthening of the copper matrix of the hybrid composite: together with the nano-sized particles they strengthen the matrix at shorter milling time, but with prolonged milling time the dislocation substructure formed around coarse particles serves as a trigger for the start of recrystallization processes provoking a decrease of microhardness. Both composites exhibit a much higher thermal stability at 800 degrees C than copper alloy processed by the method of vacuum melting and casting. The contribution of individual mechanisms such as the grain size, thermal expansion mismatch and Orowan hardening in strengthening of composites was evaluated and correlated with experimental-results. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
T2  - Powder Technology
T1  - Processing, characterization and properties of copper-based composites strengthened by low amount of alumina particles
VL  - 268
SP  - 392
EP  - 400
DO  - 10.1016/j.powtec.2014.08.051
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Rajković, Višeslava M. and Božić, Dušan and Stašić, Jelena and Wang, Huaiwen and Jovanović, Milan T.",
year = "2014",
abstract = "Copper-based composites strengthened by nano- and micro-sized alumina particles were fabricated by internal oxidation and mechanical alloying followed by hot-pressing. The effect of the simultaneous presence of nano- and micro-sized alumina particles on the microstructure and properties of the copper matrix was the object of this study. The inert gas-atomised prealloyed copper powder containing 0.5 wt.% Al and the mixture of inert gas-atomized prealloyed copper powder with 0.6 wt.% micro-sized alumina powder served as starting materials. Microstructure of composites was studied by X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Microhardness, density and electrical conductivity were also applied for determination of properties. Microstructural characterization showed that nano-sized alumina particles significantly lower the grain size and inhibit the grain growth. Considerable increase of microhardness was also detected. At the maximum values (after 10 h of milling) the microhardness of both composites, Cu-0.5 wt.% Al and hybrid Cu-0.5 wt% Al + 0.6 wt.% Al2O3, was approximately 3 times higher than microhardness of non-milled compacts processed from prealloyed copper and electrolytic copper powders. Micro-sized alumina particles play a twofold role in the strengthening of the copper matrix of the hybrid composite: together with the nano-sized particles they strengthen the matrix at shorter milling time, but with prolonged milling time the dislocation substructure formed around coarse particles serves as a trigger for the start of recrystallization processes provoking a decrease of microhardness. Both composites exhibit a much higher thermal stability at 800 degrees C than copper alloy processed by the method of vacuum melting and casting. The contribution of individual mechanisms such as the grain size, thermal expansion mismatch and Orowan hardening in strengthening of composites was evaluated and correlated with experimental-results. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Powder Technology",
title = "Processing, characterization and properties of copper-based composites strengthened by low amount of alumina particles",
volume = "268",
pages = "392-400",
doi = "10.1016/j.powtec.2014.08.051"
}

Rajković, V. M., Božić, D., Stašić, J., Wang, H.,& Jovanović, M. T.. (2014). Processing, characterization and properties of copper-based composites strengthened by low amount of alumina particles. in Powder Technology, 268, 392-400.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2014.08.051

Rajković VM, Božić D, Stašić J, Wang H, Jovanović MT. Processing, characterization and properties of copper-based composites strengthened by low amount of alumina particles. in Powder Technology. 2014;268:392-400.
doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2014.08.051 .

Rajković, Višeslava M., Božić, Dušan, Stašić, Jelena, Wang, Huaiwen, Jovanović, Milan T., "Processing, characterization and properties of copper-based composites strengthened by low amount of alumina particles" in Powder Technology, 268 (2014):392-400,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2014.08.051 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ružić, Jovana
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Božić, Dušan
PY  - 2013
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5492
AB  - The hardening of copper and copper alloy matrix using powder metallurgy (PM) techniques and different ways for dispersoids formation, as well as analysis of their single and combined effects on the strength of obtained material at room and elevated temperatures, have been presented and discussed. Gas atomized Cu-3.8 wt.%Ti and Cu-0.6 wt.%Ti-2.5 wt.%TiB2 (Cu-Ti-TiB2) powders and mechanically alloyed powder Cu-4 wt.%TiB2 were used as starting materials. The powders were consolidated by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and hot pressing (HP). Optical, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), as well as transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used for microstructure characterization of the compacts. High strengthening of the Cu-Ti compacts was achieved by thermal treatment (aging) as a consequence of the development of modular structure and precipitation of metastable Cu4Ti(m). Hardening in the Cu-Ti-TiB2 compacts is due to simultaneous influence of the following factors: the development of modular structure, precipitation of metastable Cu4Ti(m), and the presence of TiB2 dispersoid nanoparticles. Incase of Cu-TiB2 compacts, high starting values of hardness and hardness on the elevated temperatures result from the presence of finely distributed TiB2 particles in copper matrix obtained by mechanical alloying. Cu-Ti-TiB2 composite yields much higher hardness values compared with the binary Cu-Ti alloys, owing to primary TiB2 dispersions formed during atomization. Separation of metastable Cu4Ti precipitate and the presence of significantly finer TiB2 particles in the copper matrix are the reason for higher hardness values at peak temperatures (400-500 degrees C) in multiple-hardened copper alloy compared to the dispersion-hardened. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
T2  - Materials and Design
T1  - Strengthening effects in precipitation and dispersion hardened powder metallurgy copper alloys
VL  - 49
SP  - 746
EP  - 754
DO  - 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.02.030
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ružić, Jovana and Stašić, Jelena and Rajković, Višeslava M. and Božić, Dušan",
year = "2013",
abstract = "The hardening of copper and copper alloy matrix using powder metallurgy (PM) techniques and different ways for dispersoids formation, as well as analysis of their single and combined effects on the strength of obtained material at room and elevated temperatures, have been presented and discussed. Gas atomized Cu-3.8 wt.%Ti and Cu-0.6 wt.%Ti-2.5 wt.%TiB2 (Cu-Ti-TiB2) powders and mechanically alloyed powder Cu-4 wt.%TiB2 were used as starting materials. The powders were consolidated by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and hot pressing (HP). Optical, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), as well as transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used for microstructure characterization of the compacts. High strengthening of the Cu-Ti compacts was achieved by thermal treatment (aging) as a consequence of the development of modular structure and precipitation of metastable Cu4Ti(m). Hardening in the Cu-Ti-TiB2 compacts is due to simultaneous influence of the following factors: the development of modular structure, precipitation of metastable Cu4Ti(m), and the presence of TiB2 dispersoid nanoparticles. Incase of Cu-TiB2 compacts, high starting values of hardness and hardness on the elevated temperatures result from the presence of finely distributed TiB2 particles in copper matrix obtained by mechanical alloying. Cu-Ti-TiB2 composite yields much higher hardness values compared with the binary Cu-Ti alloys, owing to primary TiB2 dispersions formed during atomization. Separation of metastable Cu4Ti precipitate and the presence of significantly finer TiB2 particles in the copper matrix are the reason for higher hardness values at peak temperatures (400-500 degrees C) in multiple-hardened copper alloy compared to the dispersion-hardened. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Materials and Design",
title = "Strengthening effects in precipitation and dispersion hardened powder metallurgy copper alloys",
volume = "49",
pages = "746-754",
doi = "10.1016/j.matdes.2013.02.030"
}

Ružić, J., Stašić, J., Rajković, V. M.,& Božić, D.. (2013). Strengthening effects in precipitation and dispersion hardened powder metallurgy copper alloys. in Materials and Design, 49, 746-754.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.02.030

Ružić J, Stašić J, Rajković VM, Božić D. Strengthening effects in precipitation and dispersion hardened powder metallurgy copper alloys. in Materials and Design. 2013;49:746-754.
doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2013.02.030 .

Ružić, Jovana, Stašić, Jelena, Rajković, Višeslava M., Božić, Dušan, "Strengthening effects in precipitation and dispersion hardened powder metallurgy copper alloys" in Materials and Design, 49 (2013):746-754,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.02.030 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vencl, Aleksandar
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Živić, Fatima
AU  - Mitrovic, Slobodan
AU  - Cvijović-Alagić, Ivana
AU  - Jovanović, Milan T.
PY  - 2013
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5566
AB  - Three copper-based alloys, i.e. two composites reinforced with Al2O3 particles and fabricated through PM route and Cu-Cr-Zr alloy processed by the vacuum melting and casting technique were the object of this investigation. Light microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with electron X-ray spectrometer (EDS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used for microstructural characterization. The ball-on-disc nanotribometer served for wear and friction tests applying low sliding speeds (6, 8 and 10 mm/s) at constant load (1 N). The objective of the paper was to investigate the effect of different processing techniques on microstructure, thermal stability and the tribological characteristics of composites and copper ingot alloy. Nano-sized Al2O3 particles (less than 100 nm in size) are present not only in the copper matrix of Cu-2.5 wt.% Al composite, obtained by internal oxidation, but they are also formed at the grain boundaries preventing the grain growth and providing very small grain size. During the high temperature annealing (in the range 300-950 degrees C) composites behaved much better than the ingot alloy. The highest thermal stability showed Cu-2.5 wt.% Al composite. The pinning effect of nano-sized Al2O3 particles prevents the grain growth slowing down recrystallization of this composite up to 900 degrees C. Micro-sized Al2O3 particles in Cu-5 wt.% Al2O3 composite, processed by mechanical annealing, are not effective in preventing dislocation motion and the grain growth, whereas microstructure of Cu-0.4 wt.% Cr-0.08 wt.% Zr ingot alloy was completely recrystallized around 550 degrees C. Cu-2.5 wt.% Al composite showed the best wear resistance, approximately 2.5 times higher than that of Cu-5 wt.% Al2O3 composite. High hardness and nano-sized Al2O3 particles size combined with the fine-grain structure are the main parameters leading to the improved wear resistance of the Cu-2.5Al composite. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
T2  - Applied Surface Science
T1  - The effect of processing techniques on microstructural and tribological properties of copper-based alloys
VL  - 280
SP  - 646
EP  - 654
DO  - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.05.039
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Vencl, Aleksandar and Rajković, Višeslava M. and Živić, Fatima and Mitrovic, Slobodan and Cvijović-Alagić, Ivana and Jovanović, Milan T.",
year = "2013",
abstract = "Three copper-based alloys, i.e. two composites reinforced with Al2O3 particles and fabricated through PM route and Cu-Cr-Zr alloy processed by the vacuum melting and casting technique were the object of this investigation. Light microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with electron X-ray spectrometer (EDS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used for microstructural characterization. The ball-on-disc nanotribometer served for wear and friction tests applying low sliding speeds (6, 8 and 10 mm/s) at constant load (1 N). The objective of the paper was to investigate the effect of different processing techniques on microstructure, thermal stability and the tribological characteristics of composites and copper ingot alloy. Nano-sized Al2O3 particles (less than 100 nm in size) are present not only in the copper matrix of Cu-2.5 wt.% Al composite, obtained by internal oxidation, but they are also formed at the grain boundaries preventing the grain growth and providing very small grain size. During the high temperature annealing (in the range 300-950 degrees C) composites behaved much better than the ingot alloy. The highest thermal stability showed Cu-2.5 wt.% Al composite. The pinning effect of nano-sized Al2O3 particles prevents the grain growth slowing down recrystallization of this composite up to 900 degrees C. Micro-sized Al2O3 particles in Cu-5 wt.% Al2O3 composite, processed by mechanical annealing, are not effective in preventing dislocation motion and the grain growth, whereas microstructure of Cu-0.4 wt.% Cr-0.08 wt.% Zr ingot alloy was completely recrystallized around 550 degrees C. Cu-2.5 wt.% Al composite showed the best wear resistance, approximately 2.5 times higher than that of Cu-5 wt.% Al2O3 composite. High hardness and nano-sized Al2O3 particles size combined with the fine-grain structure are the main parameters leading to the improved wear resistance of the Cu-2.5Al composite. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Applied Surface Science",
title = "The effect of processing techniques on microstructural and tribological properties of copper-based alloys",
volume = "280",
pages = "646-654",
doi = "10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.05.039"
}

Vencl, A., Rajković, V. M., Živić, F., Mitrovic, S., Cvijović-Alagić, I.,& Jovanović, M. T.. (2013). The effect of processing techniques on microstructural and tribological properties of copper-based alloys. in Applied Surface Science, 280, 646-654.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.05.039

Vencl A, Rajković VM, Živić F, Mitrovic S, Cvijović-Alagić I, Jovanović MT. The effect of processing techniques on microstructural and tribological properties of copper-based alloys. in Applied Surface Science. 2013;280:646-654.
doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.05.039 .

Vencl, Aleksandar, Rajković, Višeslava M., Živić, Fatima, Mitrovic, Slobodan, Cvijović-Alagić, Ivana, Jovanović, Milan T., "The effect of processing techniques on microstructural and tribological properties of copper-based alloys" in Applied Surface Science, 280 (2013):646-654,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.05.039 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Devečerski, Aleksandar
AU  - Jovanović, Milan T.
PY  - 2012
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4833
AB  - The effect of the simultaneous presence of nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles on the microstructure and properties of copper matrix was the object of this study. The mixture of inert gas-atomized prealloyed copper powder (with 1 wt.% Al) and 0.6 wt.% commercial Al2O3 powder (serving as micro-sized particles) was used as the starting materials. Strengthening of the copper matrix was performed by treating the powders in the air for up to 20 h in the planetary ball mill. During milling of the prealloyed powder, finely dispersed nano-sized Al2O3 particles were formed in situ by internal oxidation. The approximate size of these particles was between 30 and 60 nm. The highest values of microhardness were reached in compacts processed from 10 h-milled powders. The microhardness of compact obtained from 10 h-milled powder was 3 times higher than the microhardness of compact processed from as-received and non-milled prealloyed powder. At the maximum microhardness the grain size reaches the smallest value as a result of the synergetic effect of nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles. Recrystallization, which occurred during prolonged milling, was the main factor influencing the decrease in microhardness. The increase in electrical conductivity of compacts after 15 h of milling is the result of the decrease in microhardness and activated recrystallization processes. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
T2  - Materials Characterization
T1  - Characteristic of copper matrix simultaneously reinforced with nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles
VL  - 67
SP  - 129
EP  - 137
DO  - 10.1016/j.matchar.2012.02.022
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Rajković, Višeslava M. and Božić, Dušan and Devečerski, Aleksandar and Jovanović, Milan T.",
year = "2012",
abstract = "The effect of the simultaneous presence of nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles on the microstructure and properties of copper matrix was the object of this study. The mixture of inert gas-atomized prealloyed copper powder (with 1 wt.% Al) and 0.6 wt.% commercial Al2O3 powder (serving as micro-sized particles) was used as the starting materials. Strengthening of the copper matrix was performed by treating the powders in the air for up to 20 h in the planetary ball mill. During milling of the prealloyed powder, finely dispersed nano-sized Al2O3 particles were formed in situ by internal oxidation. The approximate size of these particles was between 30 and 60 nm. The highest values of microhardness were reached in compacts processed from 10 h-milled powders. The microhardness of compact obtained from 10 h-milled powder was 3 times higher than the microhardness of compact processed from as-received and non-milled prealloyed powder. At the maximum microhardness the grain size reaches the smallest value as a result of the synergetic effect of nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles. Recrystallization, which occurred during prolonged milling, was the main factor influencing the decrease in microhardness. The increase in electrical conductivity of compacts after 15 h of milling is the result of the decrease in microhardness and activated recrystallization processes. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Materials Characterization",
title = "Characteristic of copper matrix simultaneously reinforced with nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles",
volume = "67",
pages = "129-137",
doi = "10.1016/j.matchar.2012.02.022"
}

Rajković, V. M., Božić, D., Devečerski, A.,& Jovanović, M. T.. (2012). Characteristic of copper matrix simultaneously reinforced with nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles. in Materials Characterization, 67, 129-137.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2012.02.022

Rajković VM, Božić D, Devečerski A, Jovanović MT. Characteristic of copper matrix simultaneously reinforced with nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles. in Materials Characterization. 2012;67:129-137.
doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2012.02.022 .

Rajković, Višeslava M., Božić, Dušan, Devečerski, Aleksandar, Jovanović, Milan T., "Characteristic of copper matrix simultaneously reinforced with nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles" in Materials Characterization, 67 (2012):129-137,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2012.02.022 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
AU  - Ružić, Jovana
AU  - Vilotijević, Miroljub N.
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
PY  - 2011
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4513
AB  - Multiple hardening mechanisms of a copper matrix have been presented and discussed. The gas atomized Cu-0.6 wt.%Ti-2.5 wt.%TiB2 (Cu-Ti-TiB2) powders were used as starting materials. Dispersoid particles TiB2 were formed in situ in the copper matrix during gas atomization. The powders have been consolidated by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). Optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were performed for microstructural characterization of powders and composite compacts. High hardening of the Cu-Ti-TiB2 composite achieved by aging is a consequence of the simultaneous influence of the following factors: the development of modulated structure with metastable Cu4Ti(m) particles and in situ formed TiB2 dispersoid particles. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
T2  - Materials Science and Engineering A: Structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing
T1  - Synthesis and properties of a Cu-Ti-TiB2 composite hardened by multiple mechanisms
VL  - 528
IS  - 28
SP  - 8139
EP  - 8144
DO  - 10.1016/j.msea.2011.07.061
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Božić, Dušan and Stašić, Jelena and Ružić, Jovana and Vilotijević, Miroljub N. and Rajković, Višeslava M.",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Multiple hardening mechanisms of a copper matrix have been presented and discussed. The gas atomized Cu-0.6 wt.%Ti-2.5 wt.%TiB2 (Cu-Ti-TiB2) powders were used as starting materials. Dispersoid particles TiB2 were formed in situ in the copper matrix during gas atomization. The powders have been consolidated by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). Optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were performed for microstructural characterization of powders and composite compacts. High hardening of the Cu-Ti-TiB2 composite achieved by aging is a consequence of the simultaneous influence of the following factors: the development of modulated structure with metastable Cu4Ti(m) particles and in situ formed TiB2 dispersoid particles. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Materials Science and Engineering A: Structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing",
title = "Synthesis and properties of a Cu-Ti-TiB2 composite hardened by multiple mechanisms",
volume = "528",
number = "28",
pages = "8139-8144",
doi = "10.1016/j.msea.2011.07.061"
}

Božić, D., Stašić, J., Ružić, J., Vilotijević, M. N.,& Rajković, V. M.. (2011). Synthesis and properties of a Cu-Ti-TiB2 composite hardened by multiple mechanisms. in Materials Science and Engineering A: Structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing, 528(28), 8139-8144.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.07.061

Božić D, Stašić J, Ružić J, Vilotijević MN, Rajković VM. Synthesis and properties of a Cu-Ti-TiB2 composite hardened by multiple mechanisms. in Materials Science and Engineering A: Structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing. 2011;528(28):8139-8144.
doi:10.1016/j.msea.2011.07.061 .

Božić, Dušan, Stašić, Jelena, Ružić, Jovana, Vilotijević, Miroljub N., Rajković, Višeslava M., "Synthesis and properties of a Cu-Ti-TiB2 composite hardened by multiple mechanisms" in Materials Science and Engineering A: Structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing, 528, no. 28 (2011):8139-8144,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.07.061 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Jovanović, Milan T.
AU  - Dimčić, Biljana
PY  - 2011
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4258
AB  - Compacts of Ti-6Al-4V alloy were produced via the powder metallurgy technique applying the hydride-dehydride process and hot isostatic pressing. The conditions of reversible hydride-dehydride process were controlled by chemical and X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Powders were pressed above and below the alpha - GT beta transus temperature. The presence of titanium hydrides and morphology of the microstructure have the direct influence on the tensile properties and fracture toughness of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, but the effect of microstructure is more pronounced.
T2  - Powder Metallurgy
T1  - Influence of retained hydride particles and microstructure on mechanical properties of PM produced Ti-6Al-4V alloy
VL  - 54
IS  - 1
SP  - 40
EP  - 45
DO  - 10.1179/174329009X409606
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Božić, Dušan and Rajković, Višeslava M. and Jovanović, Milan T. and Dimčić, Biljana",
year = "2011",
abstract = "Compacts of Ti-6Al-4V alloy were produced via the powder metallurgy technique applying the hydride-dehydride process and hot isostatic pressing. The conditions of reversible hydride-dehydride process were controlled by chemical and X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Powders were pressed above and below the alpha - GT beta transus temperature. The presence of titanium hydrides and morphology of the microstructure have the direct influence on the tensile properties and fracture toughness of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, but the effect of microstructure is more pronounced.",
journal = "Powder Metallurgy",
title = "Influence of retained hydride particles and microstructure on mechanical properties of PM produced Ti-6Al-4V alloy",
volume = "54",
number = "1",
pages = "40-45",
doi = "10.1179/174329009X409606"
}

Božić, D., Rajković, V. M., Jovanović, M. T.,& Dimčić, B.. (2011). Influence of retained hydride particles and microstructure on mechanical properties of PM produced Ti-6Al-4V alloy. in Powder Metallurgy, 54(1), 40-45.
https://doi.org/10.1179/174329009X409606

Božić D, Rajković VM, Jovanović MT, Dimčić B. Influence of retained hydride particles and microstructure on mechanical properties of PM produced Ti-6Al-4V alloy. in Powder Metallurgy. 2011;54(1):40-45.
doi:10.1179/174329009X409606 .

Božić, Dušan, Rajković, Višeslava M., Jovanović, Milan T., Dimčić, Biljana, "Influence of retained hydride particles and microstructure on mechanical properties of PM produced Ti-6Al-4V alloy" in Powder Metallurgy, 54, no. 1 (2011):40-45,
https://doi.org/10.1179/174329009X409606 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
PY  - 2011
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4459
AB  - This paper describes a study of the microstructures and mechanical properties of Zn-matrix composites reinforced by 10 wt.% Al2O3 particles of 0.7 mu m average size. Commercial Zn-Al-Cu (ZA27) alloy was gas atomized and the resulting powder was mixed with an Al2O3 powder, and then hot pressed into cylindrical pellets. Metal powder and powder mixtures were pressed at 230 degrees C, for 45 mm under the pressure of 150 MPa. The compressive strength testing was performed in the temperature range from 20 degrees C to 160 degrees C, with a deformation rate of 2.4 x 10(-3)s(-1). The microstructures and the :fracture surface of the samples were investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopy.
T2  - Science of Sintering
T1  - Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of ZA27-Al2O3 Composites Obtained by Powder Metallurgy Process
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SP  - 63
EP  - 70
DO  - 10.2298/SOS1101063B
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Božić, Dušan and Stašić, Jelena and Rajković, Višeslava M.",
year = "2011",
abstract = "This paper describes a study of the microstructures and mechanical properties of Zn-matrix composites reinforced by 10 wt.% Al2O3 particles of 0.7 mu m average size. Commercial Zn-Al-Cu (ZA27) alloy was gas atomized and the resulting powder was mixed with an Al2O3 powder, and then hot pressed into cylindrical pellets. Metal powder and powder mixtures were pressed at 230 degrees C, for 45 mm under the pressure of 150 MPa. The compressive strength testing was performed in the temperature range from 20 degrees C to 160 degrees C, with a deformation rate of 2.4 x 10(-3)s(-1). The microstructures and the :fracture surface of the samples were investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopy.",
journal = "Science of Sintering",
title = "Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of ZA27-Al2O3 Composites Obtained by Powder Metallurgy Process",
volume = "43",
number = "1",
pages = "63-70",
doi = "10.2298/SOS1101063B"
}

Božić, D., Stašić, J.,& Rajković, V. M.. (2011). Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of ZA27-Al2O3 Composites Obtained by Powder Metallurgy Process. in Science of Sintering, 43(1), 63-70.
https://doi.org/10.2298/SOS1101063B

Božić D, Stašić J, Rajković VM. Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of ZA27-Al2O3 Composites Obtained by Powder Metallurgy Process. in Science of Sintering. 2011;43(1):63-70.
doi:10.2298/SOS1101063B .

Božić, Dušan, Stašić, Jelena, Rajković, Višeslava M., "Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of ZA27-Al2O3 Composites Obtained by Powder Metallurgy Process" in Science of Sintering, 43, no. 1 (2011):63-70,
https://doi.org/10.2298/SOS1101063B . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
AU  - Dimčić, Biljana
AU  - Vilotijević, Miroljub N.
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
PY  - 2011
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4465
AB  - The multiple hardening mechanisms of a copper matrix have been presented and discussed. The pre-alloyed ball milled Cu-3 wt.%Al and the atomized Cu-0.6 wt.%Ti-2.5 wt.%TiB(2) powders have been used as starting materials. Dispersoid particles Al(2)O(3) and TiB(2) were formed in situ. The powders have been hot consolidated. Optical microscopy, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction analysis were performed for microstructural characterization. Increase in microhardness of Cu-3 wt.%Al compacts is a consequence of the crystallite size refinement and the presence of Al(2)O(3) particles. High hardening of Cu-0.6 wt.%Ti-2.5 wt.%TiB(2) is a consequence of the presence of modular structure, Cu(4)Ti((m)), and TiB(2) particles.
T2  - Bulletin of Materials Science
T1  - Multiple strengthening mechanisms in nanoparticle-reinforced copper matrix composites
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
SP  - 217
EP  - 226
DO  - 10.1007/s12034-011-0102-8
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Božić, Dušan and Stašić, Jelena and Dimčić, Biljana and Vilotijević, Miroljub N. and Rajković, Višeslava M.",
year = "2011",
abstract = "The multiple hardening mechanisms of a copper matrix have been presented and discussed. The pre-alloyed ball milled Cu-3 wt.%Al and the atomized Cu-0.6 wt.%Ti-2.5 wt.%TiB(2) powders have been used as starting materials. Dispersoid particles Al(2)O(3) and TiB(2) were formed in situ. The powders have been hot consolidated. Optical microscopy, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction analysis were performed for microstructural characterization. Increase in microhardness of Cu-3 wt.%Al compacts is a consequence of the crystallite size refinement and the presence of Al(2)O(3) particles. High hardening of Cu-0.6 wt.%Ti-2.5 wt.%TiB(2) is a consequence of the presence of modular structure, Cu(4)Ti((m)), and TiB(2) particles.",
journal = "Bulletin of Materials Science",
title = "Multiple strengthening mechanisms in nanoparticle-reinforced copper matrix composites",
volume = "34",
number = "2",
pages = "217-226",
doi = "10.1007/s12034-011-0102-8"
}

Božić, D., Stašić, J., Dimčić, B., Vilotijević, M. N.,& Rajković, V. M.. (2011). Multiple strengthening mechanisms in nanoparticle-reinforced copper matrix composites. in Bulletin of Materials Science, 34(2), 217-226.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-011-0102-8

Božić D, Stašić J, Dimčić B, Vilotijević MN, Rajković VM. Multiple strengthening mechanisms in nanoparticle-reinforced copper matrix composites. in Bulletin of Materials Science. 2011;34(2):217-226.
doi:10.1007/s12034-011-0102-8 .

Božić, Dušan, Stašić, Jelena, Dimčić, Biljana, Vilotijević, Miroljub N., Rajković, Višeslava M., "Multiple strengthening mechanisms in nanoparticle-reinforced copper matrix composites" in Bulletin of Materials Science, 34, no. 2 (2011):217-226,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-011-0102-8 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Jovanović, Milan T.
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3889
AB  - High-energy milling was used for production of Cu-Al2O3 composites. The inert gas-atomized prealloyed copper powder containing 2 wt.%Al and the mixture of the different sized electrolytic copper powders with 4 wt.% commercial Al2O3 powders served as starting materials. Milling of prealloyed copper powders promotes formation of nano-sized Al2O3 particles by internal oxidation with oxygen from air. Hot-pressed compacts of composites obtained from 5 and 20 h milled powders were additionally subjected to the high-temperature exposure in argon at 800 degrees C for 1 and 5 h. Characterization of processed material was performed by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), microhardness, as well as density and electrical conductivity measurements. Due to nano-sized Al2O3 particles microhardness and thermal stability of composite processed from milled prealloyed powders are higher than corresponding properties of composites processed from the milled powder mixtures. The results were discussed in terms of the effects of different size of starting copper powders and Al2O3 particles on the structure, strengthening of copper matrix, thermal stability and electrical conductivity of Cu-Al2O3 composites. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
T2  - Materials and Design
T1  - Effects of copper and Al2O3 particles on characteristics of Cu-Al2O3 composites
VL  - 31
IS  - 4
SP  - 1962
EP  - 1970
DO  - 10.1016/j.matdes.2009.10.037
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Rajković, Višeslava M. and Božić, Dušan and Jovanović, Milan T.",
year = "2010",
abstract = "High-energy milling was used for production of Cu-Al2O3 composites. The inert gas-atomized prealloyed copper powder containing 2 wt.%Al and the mixture of the different sized electrolytic copper powders with 4 wt.% commercial Al2O3 powders served as starting materials. Milling of prealloyed copper powders promotes formation of nano-sized Al2O3 particles by internal oxidation with oxygen from air. Hot-pressed compacts of composites obtained from 5 and 20 h milled powders were additionally subjected to the high-temperature exposure in argon at 800 degrees C for 1 and 5 h. Characterization of processed material was performed by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), microhardness, as well as density and electrical conductivity measurements. Due to nano-sized Al2O3 particles microhardness and thermal stability of composite processed from milled prealloyed powders are higher than corresponding properties of composites processed from the milled powder mixtures. The results were discussed in terms of the effects of different size of starting copper powders and Al2O3 particles on the structure, strengthening of copper matrix, thermal stability and electrical conductivity of Cu-Al2O3 composites. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Materials and Design",
title = "Effects of copper and Al2O3 particles on characteristics of Cu-Al2O3 composites",
volume = "31",
number = "4",
pages = "1962-1970",
doi = "10.1016/j.matdes.2009.10.037"
}

Rajković, V. M., Božić, D.,& Jovanović, M. T.. (2010). Effects of copper and Al2O3 particles on characteristics of Cu-Al2O3 composites. in Materials and Design, 31(4), 1962-1970.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.10.037

Rajković VM, Božić D, Jovanović MT. Effects of copper and Al2O3 particles on characteristics of Cu-Al2O3 composites. in Materials and Design. 2010;31(4):1962-1970.
doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2009.10.037 .

Rajković, Višeslava M., Božić, Dušan, Jovanović, Milan T., "Effects of copper and Al2O3 particles on characteristics of Cu-Al2O3 composites" in Materials and Design, 31, no. 4 (2010):1962-1970,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.10.037 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Jovanović, Milan T.
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3976
AB  - Electrolytic copper powder, inert gas atomized prealloyed copper powder containing 3.5 wt.% Al, and a mixture of copper and commercial Al2O3 powder particles (4 wt.% Al2O3) were milled separately in a high-energy planetary ball mill for up to 20 h in air. The milling was performed in order to strengthen the copper matrix by grain size refinement and Al2O3 particles. Milling, in air of prealloyed copper powder promoted formation of fine dispersed Al2O3 particles by internal oxidation. Hot-pressing (800 degrees C for 3 h in argon at a pressure of 35 MPa) was used for compaction of milled powders. Compacts from 5 and 20 h milled powders were additionally subjected to high temperature exposure (800 degrees C for 1 and 5 h in argon) in order to examine their thermal stability and electrical conductivity. The effect of different size and the amount of Al2O3 particles on strengthening, thermal stability and electrical conductivity of the copper-based composites was studied. The results were discussed in terms of the effects of the grain size refinement along with micro- and nano-sized Al2O3 particles on the strengthening of the copper matrix.
T2  - International Journal of Materials Research
T1  - Properties of copper composites strengthened by nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles
VL  - 101
IS  - 3
SP  - 334
EP  - 339
DO  - 10.3139/146.110278
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Rajković, Višeslava M. and Božić, Dušan and Jovanović, Milan T.",
year = "2010",
abstract = "Electrolytic copper powder, inert gas atomized prealloyed copper powder containing 3.5 wt.% Al, and a mixture of copper and commercial Al2O3 powder particles (4 wt.% Al2O3) were milled separately in a high-energy planetary ball mill for up to 20 h in air. The milling was performed in order to strengthen the copper matrix by grain size refinement and Al2O3 particles. Milling, in air of prealloyed copper powder promoted formation of fine dispersed Al2O3 particles by internal oxidation. Hot-pressing (800 degrees C for 3 h in argon at a pressure of 35 MPa) was used for compaction of milled powders. Compacts from 5 and 20 h milled powders were additionally subjected to high temperature exposure (800 degrees C for 1 and 5 h in argon) in order to examine their thermal stability and electrical conductivity. The effect of different size and the amount of Al2O3 particles on strengthening, thermal stability and electrical conductivity of the copper-based composites was studied. The results were discussed in terms of the effects of the grain size refinement along with micro- and nano-sized Al2O3 particles on the strengthening of the copper matrix.",
journal = "International Journal of Materials Research",
title = "Properties of copper composites strengthened by nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles",
volume = "101",
number = "3",
pages = "334-339",
doi = "10.3139/146.110278"
}

Rajković, V. M., Božić, D.,& Jovanović, M. T.. (2010). Properties of copper composites strengthened by nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles. in International Journal of Materials Research, 101(3), 334-339.
https://doi.org/10.3139/146.110278

Rajković VM, Božić D, Jovanović MT. Properties of copper composites strengthened by nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles. in International Journal of Materials Research. 2010;101(3):334-339.
doi:10.3139/146.110278 .

Rajković, Višeslava M., Božić, Dušan, Jovanović, Milan T., "Properties of copper composites strengthened by nano- and micro-sized Al2O3 particles" in International Journal of Materials Research, 101, no. 3 (2010):334-339,
https://doi.org/10.3139/146.110278 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Devečerski, Aleksandar
AU  - Bojanic, S.
AU  - Jovanović, Milan T.
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4311
AB  - The objective of the work is to study the effects of the high-energy milling on strengthening, thermal stability and electrical conductivity of Cu-Al2O3 composite. The prealloyed copper powders, atomized in inert gas and containing 3 wt. % Al, were milled up to 20 h in the planetary ball mill to oxidize in situ aluminium with oxygen from the air. Composite compacts were obtained by hot-pressing in an argon atmosphere at 800 degrees C for 3 h under the pressure of 35 MPa. The microstructural characterization was performed by the optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The microhardness, electrical conductivity and density measurements were also carried out. The effect of internal oxidation and high-energy milling on strengthening of Cu-Al2O3 composite was significant, The increase of the microhardness of composite compacts (292 HV) is almost threefold comparing to compacts processed from the as-received Cu-3 wt. % Al powder (102 HV). The grain size of Cu-Al2O3 compacts processed from 5 and 20 h-milled powders was 75 and 45 nm, respectively. The small increase in the grain size and the small microhardness drop indicate the high thermal stability of Cu-Al2O3 composite during high-temperature exposure at 800 degrees C.
T2  - Revista de Metalurgia
T1  - Strength and thermal stability of Cu-Al2O3 composite obtained by internal oxidation
VL  - 46
IS  - 6
SP  - 520
EP  - 529
DO  - 10.3989/revmetalmadrid.1024
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Rajković, Višeslava M. and Božić, Dušan and Devečerski, Aleksandar and Bojanic, S. and Jovanović, Milan T.",
year = "2010",
abstract = "The objective of the work is to study the effects of the high-energy milling on strengthening, thermal stability and electrical conductivity of Cu-Al2O3 composite. The prealloyed copper powders, atomized in inert gas and containing 3 wt. % Al, were milled up to 20 h in the planetary ball mill to oxidize in situ aluminium with oxygen from the air. Composite compacts were obtained by hot-pressing in an argon atmosphere at 800 degrees C for 3 h under the pressure of 35 MPa. The microstructural characterization was performed by the optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The microhardness, electrical conductivity and density measurements were also carried out. The effect of internal oxidation and high-energy milling on strengthening of Cu-Al2O3 composite was significant, The increase of the microhardness of composite compacts (292 HV) is almost threefold comparing to compacts processed from the as-received Cu-3 wt. % Al powder (102 HV). The grain size of Cu-Al2O3 compacts processed from 5 and 20 h-milled powders was 75 and 45 nm, respectively. The small increase in the grain size and the small microhardness drop indicate the high thermal stability of Cu-Al2O3 composite during high-temperature exposure at 800 degrees C.",
journal = "Revista de Metalurgia",
title = "Strength and thermal stability of Cu-Al2O3 composite obtained by internal oxidation",
volume = "46",
number = "6",
pages = "520-529",
doi = "10.3989/revmetalmadrid.1024"
}

Rajković, V. M., Božić, D., Devečerski, A., Bojanic, S.,& Jovanović, M. T.. (2010). Strength and thermal stability of Cu-Al2O3 composite obtained by internal oxidation. in Revista de Metalurgia, 46(6), 520-529.
https://doi.org/10.3989/revmetalmadrid.1024

Rajković VM, Božić D, Devečerski A, Bojanic S, Jovanović MT. Strength and thermal stability of Cu-Al2O3 composite obtained by internal oxidation. in Revista de Metalurgia. 2010;46(6):520-529.
doi:10.3989/revmetalmadrid.1024 .

Rajković, Višeslava M., Božić, Dušan, Devečerski, Aleksandar, Bojanic, S., Jovanović, Milan T., "Strength and thermal stability of Cu-Al2O3 composite obtained by internal oxidation" in Revista de Metalurgia, 46, no. 6 (2010):520-529,
https://doi.org/10.3989/revmetalmadrid.1024 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Dimčić, Biljana
AU  - Dimcic, O.
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
PY  - 2010
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3255
AB  - In the last 20 years a new class of metal matrix composite material (DRA - Discontinuously Reinforced Aluminum) with aluminum alloy matrix and Sic particles as secondary phase has been developed. The most important step during composite production is the homogenization process of metal and ceramic powder particles. Quantitative analysis of a SiC particles distribution in the aluminum alloy matrix (CW67) was used to determine the optimum homogenization parameters of different powders. It was found out that the level of mixture homogeneity largely depends on the amount of mixing dish filling, homogenization time and characteristics of reinforcing particles. By introducing the concept of homogeneity index, it was shown that the lowest values of the mentioned parameter correspond to the best uniformity of Sic particles in the CW67 matrix. Composite with the lowest value of homogeneity index was the one with 5 vol.% of SiC, homogenized during 60 min and the amount of mixing dish filling of 20 vol.%. This composite displayed the best values of mechanical properties and fracture resistance. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
T2  - Materials and Design
T1  - Influence of SiC particles distribution on mechanical properties and fracture of DRA alloys
VL  - 31
IS  - 1
SP  - 134
EP  - 141
DO  - 10.1016/j.matdes.2009.06.047
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Božić, Dušan and Dimčić, Biljana and Dimcic, O. and Stašić, Jelena and Rajković, Višeslava M.",
year = "2010",
abstract = "In the last 20 years a new class of metal matrix composite material (DRA - Discontinuously Reinforced Aluminum) with aluminum alloy matrix and Sic particles as secondary phase has been developed. The most important step during composite production is the homogenization process of metal and ceramic powder particles. Quantitative analysis of a SiC particles distribution in the aluminum alloy matrix (CW67) was used to determine the optimum homogenization parameters of different powders. It was found out that the level of mixture homogeneity largely depends on the amount of mixing dish filling, homogenization time and characteristics of reinforcing particles. By introducing the concept of homogeneity index, it was shown that the lowest values of the mentioned parameter correspond to the best uniformity of Sic particles in the CW67 matrix. Composite with the lowest value of homogeneity index was the one with 5 vol.% of SiC, homogenized during 60 min and the amount of mixing dish filling of 20 vol.%. This composite displayed the best values of mechanical properties and fracture resistance. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Materials and Design",
title = "Influence of SiC particles distribution on mechanical properties and fracture of DRA alloys",
volume = "31",
number = "1",
pages = "134-141",
doi = "10.1016/j.matdes.2009.06.047"
}

Božić, D., Dimčić, B., Dimcic, O., Stašić, J.,& Rajković, V. M.. (2010). Influence of SiC particles distribution on mechanical properties and fracture of DRA alloys. in Materials and Design, 31(1), 134-141.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.06.047

Božić D, Dimčić B, Dimcic O, Stašić J, Rajković VM. Influence of SiC particles distribution on mechanical properties and fracture of DRA alloys. in Materials and Design. 2010;31(1):134-141.
doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2009.06.047 .

Božić, Dušan, Dimčić, Biljana, Dimcic, O., Stašić, Jelena, Rajković, Višeslava M., "Influence of SiC particles distribution on mechanical properties and fracture of DRA alloys" in Materials and Design, 31, no. 1 (2010):134-141,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.06.047 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Jovanović, Milan T.
PY  - 2009
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3716
AB  - The powder Cu-Al2O3 composites were produced by high-energy milling. Various combinations of particle size and mixtures and approximately constant amount of Al2O3 were used as the starting materials. These powders were separately milled in air for up to 20 h in a planetary ball mill. The copper matrix was reinforced by internal oxidation and mechanical alloying. During the milling, internal oxidation of pre-alloyed Cu-2 mass %-Al powder generated 3.7 mass % Al2O3 nano-sized particles finely dispersed in the copper matrix. The effect of different size of the starting copper and Al2O3 powder particles on the lattice parameter, lattice distortion and grain size, as well as on the size, morphology and microstructure of the Cu-Al2O3 composite powder particles was studied.
T2  - Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society
T1  - Characteristics of Cu-Al2O3 composites of various starting particle size obtained by high-energy milling
VL  - 74
IS  - 5
SP  - 595
EP  - 605
DO  - 10.2298/JSC0905595R
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Rajković, Višeslava M. and Božić, Dušan and Jovanović, Milan T.",
year = "2009",
abstract = "The powder Cu-Al2O3 composites were produced by high-energy milling. Various combinations of particle size and mixtures and approximately constant amount of Al2O3 were used as the starting materials. These powders were separately milled in air for up to 20 h in a planetary ball mill. The copper matrix was reinforced by internal oxidation and mechanical alloying. During the milling, internal oxidation of pre-alloyed Cu-2 mass %-Al powder generated 3.7 mass % Al2O3 nano-sized particles finely dispersed in the copper matrix. The effect of different size of the starting copper and Al2O3 powder particles on the lattice parameter, lattice distortion and grain size, as well as on the size, morphology and microstructure of the Cu-Al2O3 composite powder particles was studied.",
journal = "Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society",
title = "Characteristics of Cu-Al2O3 composites of various starting particle size obtained by high-energy milling",
volume = "74",
number = "5",
pages = "595-605",
doi = "10.2298/JSC0905595R"
}

Rajković, V. M., Božić, D.,& Jovanović, M. T.. (2009). Characteristics of Cu-Al2O3 composites of various starting particle size obtained by high-energy milling. in Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, 74(5), 595-605.
https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC0905595R

Rajković VM, Božić D, Jovanović MT. Characteristics of Cu-Al2O3 composites of various starting particle size obtained by high-energy milling. in Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society. 2009;74(5):595-605.
doi:10.2298/JSC0905595R .

Rajković, Višeslava M., Božić, Dušan, Jovanović, Milan T., "Characteristics of Cu-Al2O3 composites of various starting particle size obtained by high-energy milling" in Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, 74, no. 5 (2009):595-605,
https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC0905595R . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Popović, Miljana
AU  - Jovanović, Milan T.
PY  - 2009
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3260
AB  - Inert gas atomized prealloyed copper powder containing 2 wt.% Al (average particle size approximate to 30 mu m) and a mixture consisting of copper (average particle sizes approximate to 15 mu m and 30 mu m) and 4 wt.% of commercial Al2O3 powder particles (average particle size approximate to 0.75 mu m) were milled separately in a high-energy planetary ball mill up to 20 h in air. Milling was performed in order to strengthen the copper matrix by grain size refinement and Al2O3 particles. Milling in air of prealloyed copper powder promoted formation of finely dispersed nano-sized Al2O3 particles by internal oxidation. On the other side, composite powders with commercial micro-sized Al2O3 particles were obtained by mechanical alloying. Following milling, powders were treated in hydrogen at 400 degrees C for 1h in order to eliminate copper oxides formed on their surface during milling. Hot pressing (800 degrees C for 3 h in argon at pressure of 35 MPa) was used for compaction of milled powders. Hot pressed composite compacts processed from 5 and 20 h milled powders were additionally subjected to high temperature exposure (800 degrees C for 1 and 5 h in argon) in order to examine their thermal stability. The results were discussed in terms of the effects of different size of starting powders, the grain size refinement and different size of Al2O3 particles on strengthening, thermal stability and electrical conductivity of copper-based composites.
T2  - Science of Sintering
T1  - The Influence of Powder Particle Size on Properties of Cu-Al2O3 Composites
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
SP  - 185
EP  - 192
DO  - 10.2298/SOS0902185R
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Rajković, Višeslava M. and Božić, Dušan and Popović, Miljana and Jovanović, Milan T.",
year = "2009",
abstract = "Inert gas atomized prealloyed copper powder containing 2 wt.% Al (average particle size approximate to 30 mu m) and a mixture consisting of copper (average particle sizes approximate to 15 mu m and 30 mu m) and 4 wt.% of commercial Al2O3 powder particles (average particle size approximate to 0.75 mu m) were milled separately in a high-energy planetary ball mill up to 20 h in air. Milling was performed in order to strengthen the copper matrix by grain size refinement and Al2O3 particles. Milling in air of prealloyed copper powder promoted formation of finely dispersed nano-sized Al2O3 particles by internal oxidation. On the other side, composite powders with commercial micro-sized Al2O3 particles were obtained by mechanical alloying. Following milling, powders were treated in hydrogen at 400 degrees C for 1h in order to eliminate copper oxides formed on their surface during milling. Hot pressing (800 degrees C for 3 h in argon at pressure of 35 MPa) was used for compaction of milled powders. Hot pressed composite compacts processed from 5 and 20 h milled powders were additionally subjected to high temperature exposure (800 degrees C for 1 and 5 h in argon) in order to examine their thermal stability. The results were discussed in terms of the effects of different size of starting powders, the grain size refinement and different size of Al2O3 particles on strengthening, thermal stability and electrical conductivity of copper-based composites.",
journal = "Science of Sintering",
title = "The Influence of Powder Particle Size on Properties of Cu-Al2O3 Composites",
volume = "41",
number = "2",
pages = "185-192",
doi = "10.2298/SOS0902185R"
}

Rajković, V. M., Božić, D., Popović, M.,& Jovanović, M. T.. (2009). The Influence of Powder Particle Size on Properties of Cu-Al2O3 Composites. in Science of Sintering, 41(2), 185-192.
https://doi.org/10.2298/SOS0902185R

Rajković VM, Božić D, Popović M, Jovanović MT. The Influence of Powder Particle Size on Properties of Cu-Al2O3 Composites. in Science of Sintering. 2009;41(2):185-192.
doi:10.2298/SOS0902185R .

Rajković, Višeslava M., Božić, Dušan, Popović, Miljana, Jovanović, Milan T., "The Influence of Powder Particle Size on Properties of Cu-Al2O3 Composites" in Science of Sintering, 41, no. 2 (2009):185-192,
https://doi.org/10.2298/SOS0902185R . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Cvijović-Alagić, Ivana
AU  - Dimčić, Biljana
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
PY  - 2009
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3258
AB  - In order to produce the composite powder analyzed in this paper, two prealloys were melted and afterwards gas atomized. The obtained TiB2-reinforced copper powder was consolidated by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). Since it is known that a decrease in the size of the reinforcing phase can cause an increase in hardness of composites, the main aim of the experimental work was to obtain as small particles of the dispersed phase as possible by using standard powder metallurgy techniques. Microstructure and microhardness of the as-cast prealloys, as-atomized powder and HIP-ed compacts were examined. The results of these examinations revealed that TiB2 particles about 10 nm in size were in-situ formed and homogenously dispersed in the copper matrix. As a consequence of the TiB2 formation, the microhardness of Cu-TiB2 composite was significantly improved.
T2  - Science of Sintering
T1  - In-situ Processing of TiB2 Nanoparticle-Reinforced Copper Matrix Composites
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
SP  - 143
EP  - 150
DO  - 10.2298/SOS0902143B
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Božić, Dušan and Cvijović-Alagić, Ivana and Dimčić, Biljana and Stašić, Jelena and Rajković, Višeslava M.",
year = "2009",
abstract = "In order to produce the composite powder analyzed in this paper, two prealloys were melted and afterwards gas atomized. The obtained TiB2-reinforced copper powder was consolidated by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). Since it is known that a decrease in the size of the reinforcing phase can cause an increase in hardness of composites, the main aim of the experimental work was to obtain as small particles of the dispersed phase as possible by using standard powder metallurgy techniques. Microstructure and microhardness of the as-cast prealloys, as-atomized powder and HIP-ed compacts were examined. The results of these examinations revealed that TiB2 particles about 10 nm in size were in-situ formed and homogenously dispersed in the copper matrix. As a consequence of the TiB2 formation, the microhardness of Cu-TiB2 composite was significantly improved.",
journal = "Science of Sintering",
title = "In-situ Processing of TiB2 Nanoparticle-Reinforced Copper Matrix Composites",
volume = "41",
number = "2",
pages = "143-150",
doi = "10.2298/SOS0902143B"
}

Božić, D., Cvijović-Alagić, I., Dimčić, B., Stašić, J.,& Rajković, V. M.. (2009). In-situ Processing of TiB2 Nanoparticle-Reinforced Copper Matrix Composites. in Science of Sintering, 41(2), 143-150.
https://doi.org/10.2298/SOS0902143B

Božić D, Cvijović-Alagić I, Dimčić B, Stašić J, Rajković VM. In-situ Processing of TiB2 Nanoparticle-Reinforced Copper Matrix Composites. in Science of Sintering. 2009;41(2):143-150.
doi:10.2298/SOS0902143B .

Božić, Dušan, Cvijović-Alagić, Ivana, Dimčić, Biljana, Stašić, Jelena, Rajković, Višeslava M., "In-situ Processing of TiB2 Nanoparticle-Reinforced Copper Matrix Composites" in Science of Sintering, 41, no. 2 (2009):143-150,
https://doi.org/10.2298/SOS0902143B . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Dimcic, O.
AU  - Dimčić, Biljana
AU  - Cuijovic, I.
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
PY  - 2008
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3485
AB  - Microstructure and microhardness properties of precipitation hardened Cu-Ti and precipitation/dispersion hardened Cu-Ti-Si alloys have been analyzed. Cu-1.2Ti and Cu-1.2Ti-3TiSi(2) (wt.%) atomized powders were characterized before and after consolidation by HIP (Hot Isostatic Pressing). Rapidly solidified powders and HIP-ed compacts were subsequently subjected to thermal treatment in hydrogen at temperatures between 300 and 600 degrees C. Compared to Cu-Ti powder particles and compacts, obtained by the same procedure, the strengthening effect in Cu-1.2Ti-3TiSi(2) powder particles and compacts was much greater. The binary and ternary powders both reveal properties superior to those of Cu-1.2Ti and Cu-1.2Ti-3TiSi(2) compacts. Microhardness analysis as a function of the aging temperature of Cu-1.2Ti-3TiSi(2) alloy shows an interaction between precipitation and dispersion hardening which offers possibilities for an application at elevated temperatures. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
T2  - Materials Characterization
T1  - The combination of precipitation and dispersion hardening in powder metallurgy produced Cu-Ti-Si alloy
VL  - 59
IS  - 8
SP  - 1122
EP  - 1126
DO  - 10.1016/j.matchar.2007.09.005
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Božić, Dušan and Dimcic, O. and Dimčić, Biljana and Cuijovic, I. and Rajković, Višeslava M.",
year = "2008",
abstract = "Microstructure and microhardness properties of precipitation hardened Cu-Ti and precipitation/dispersion hardened Cu-Ti-Si alloys have been analyzed. Cu-1.2Ti and Cu-1.2Ti-3TiSi(2) (wt.%) atomized powders were characterized before and after consolidation by HIP (Hot Isostatic Pressing). Rapidly solidified powders and HIP-ed compacts were subsequently subjected to thermal treatment in hydrogen at temperatures between 300 and 600 degrees C. Compared to Cu-Ti powder particles and compacts, obtained by the same procedure, the strengthening effect in Cu-1.2Ti-3TiSi(2) powder particles and compacts was much greater. The binary and ternary powders both reveal properties superior to those of Cu-1.2Ti and Cu-1.2Ti-3TiSi(2) compacts. Microhardness analysis as a function of the aging temperature of Cu-1.2Ti-3TiSi(2) alloy shows an interaction between precipitation and dispersion hardening which offers possibilities for an application at elevated temperatures. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Materials Characterization",
title = "The combination of precipitation and dispersion hardening in powder metallurgy produced Cu-Ti-Si alloy",
volume = "59",
number = "8",
pages = "1122-1126",
doi = "10.1016/j.matchar.2007.09.005"
}

Božić, D., Dimcic, O., Dimčić, B., Cuijovic, I.,& Rajković, V. M.. (2008). The combination of precipitation and dispersion hardening in powder metallurgy produced Cu-Ti-Si alloy. in Materials Characterization, 59(8), 1122-1126.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2007.09.005

Božić D, Dimcic O, Dimčić B, Cuijovic I, Rajković VM. The combination of precipitation and dispersion hardening in powder metallurgy produced Cu-Ti-Si alloy. in Materials Characterization. 2008;59(8):1122-1126.
doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2007.09.005 .

Božić, Dušan, Dimcic, O., Dimčić, Biljana, Cuijovic, I., Rajković, Višeslava M., "The combination of precipitation and dispersion hardening in powder metallurgy produced Cu-Ti-Si alloy" in Materials Characterization, 59, no. 8 (2008):1122-1126,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2007.09.005 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Sekulić, Danijela R.
AU  - Stašić, Jelena
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Jovanović, Milan T.
PY  - 2008
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3587
AB  - Low cost titanium alloy compacts were produced via the powder metallurgy approach through the hydride-dehydride process and hot consolidation (hot pressing and hot isostatic pressing). The conditions of the reversible hydride-dehydride process were determined by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy characterisation of powders. Powders were consolidated both above and below the beta transformation temperature. The morphology of the microstructure, and the presence of open and closed pores, its well as residual particles of hydrides and oxides have a direct influence on the mechanical properties of compacts (tensile properties and impact toughness).
T2  - International Journal of Materials Research
T1  - The influence of microstructural characteristics and contaminants on the mechanical properties and fracture topography of low cost Ti6Al4V alloy
VL  - 99
IS  - 11
SP  - 1268
EP  - 1274
DO  - 10.3139/146.101762
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Božić, Dušan and Sekulić, Danijela R. and Stašić, Jelena and Rajković, Višeslava M. and Jovanović, Milan T.",
year = "2008",
abstract = "Low cost titanium alloy compacts were produced via the powder metallurgy approach through the hydride-dehydride process and hot consolidation (hot pressing and hot isostatic pressing). The conditions of the reversible hydride-dehydride process were determined by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy characterisation of powders. Powders were consolidated both above and below the beta transformation temperature. The morphology of the microstructure, and the presence of open and closed pores, its well as residual particles of hydrides and oxides have a direct influence on the mechanical properties of compacts (tensile properties and impact toughness).",
journal = "International Journal of Materials Research",
title = "The influence of microstructural characteristics and contaminants on the mechanical properties and fracture topography of low cost Ti6Al4V alloy",
volume = "99",
number = "11",
pages = "1268-1274",
doi = "10.3139/146.101762"
}

Božić, D., Sekulić, D. R., Stašić, J., Rajković, V. M.,& Jovanović, M. T.. (2008). The influence of microstructural characteristics and contaminants on the mechanical properties and fracture topography of low cost Ti6Al4V alloy. in International Journal of Materials Research, 99(11), 1268-1274.
https://doi.org/10.3139/146.101762

Božić D, Sekulić DR, Stašić J, Rajković VM, Jovanović MT. The influence of microstructural characteristics and contaminants on the mechanical properties and fracture topography of low cost Ti6Al4V alloy. in International Journal of Materials Research. 2008;99(11):1268-1274.
doi:10.3139/146.101762 .

Božić, Dušan, Sekulić, Danijela R., Stašić, Jelena, Rajković, Višeslava M., Jovanović, Milan T., "The influence of microstructural characteristics and contaminants on the mechanical properties and fracture topography of low cost Ti6Al4V alloy" in International Journal of Materials Research, 99, no. 11 (2008):1268-1274,
https://doi.org/10.3139/146.101762 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Jouanovic, Milan T.
PY  - 2008
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3408
AB  - Copper matrix was reinforced with Al2O3 particles of different size and amount by internal oxidation and mechanical alloying accomplished using high-energy ball milling in air. The inert gas-atomised prealloyed copper powder containing 1 wt.% Al as well as a mixture of electrolytic copper powder and 3 wt.% commercial Al2O3 powder served as starting materials. Milling of Cu-1 wt.% Al prealloyed powder promoted formation of fine dispersed particles (1.9 wt.% Al2O3, approximately 100 nm in size) by internal oxidation. During milling of Cu-3 wt.% Al2O3 powder mixture the uniform distribution of commercial Al2O3 particles has been obtained. Following milling, powders were treated in hydrogen at 400 degrees C for 1 h in order to eliminate copper oxides formed at the surface during milling. Compaction was executed by hot-pressing. Compacts processed from 5 to 20 h-milled powders were additionally subjected to high-temperature exposure at 800 degrees C in order to examine their thermal stability and electrical conductivity. Compacts of Cu-1 wt.% Al prealloyed powders with finer Al2O3 particles and smaller grain size exhibited higher microhardness than compacts of Cu-3 wt.% Al2O3 powder mixture. This indicates that nano-sized A1203 particles act as a stronger reinforcing parameter of the copper matrix than micro-sized commercial Al2O3 particles. Improved thermal stability of Cu-1 wt.% Al compacts compared to Cu-3 wt.% Al2O3 Compacts implies that nano-sized Al2O3 particles act more efficiently as barriers obstructing grain growth than micro-sized particles. Contrary, the lower electrical conductivity of Cu-1 wt.% Al compacts is the result of higher electron scatter caused by nano-sized Al2O3 particles. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
T2  - Journal of Materials Processing Technology
T1  - Properties of copper matrix reinforced with various size and amount Of Al2O3 particles
VL  - 200
IS  - 1-3
SP  - 106
EP  - 114
DO  - 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.08.019
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Rajković, Višeslava M. and Božić, Dušan and Jouanovic, Milan T.",
year = "2008",
abstract = "Copper matrix was reinforced with Al2O3 particles of different size and amount by internal oxidation and mechanical alloying accomplished using high-energy ball milling in air. The inert gas-atomised prealloyed copper powder containing 1 wt.% Al as well as a mixture of electrolytic copper powder and 3 wt.% commercial Al2O3 powder served as starting materials. Milling of Cu-1 wt.% Al prealloyed powder promoted formation of fine dispersed particles (1.9 wt.% Al2O3, approximately 100 nm in size) by internal oxidation. During milling of Cu-3 wt.% Al2O3 powder mixture the uniform distribution of commercial Al2O3 particles has been obtained. Following milling, powders were treated in hydrogen at 400 degrees C for 1 h in order to eliminate copper oxides formed at the surface during milling. Compaction was executed by hot-pressing. Compacts processed from 5 to 20 h-milled powders were additionally subjected to high-temperature exposure at 800 degrees C in order to examine their thermal stability and electrical conductivity. Compacts of Cu-1 wt.% Al prealloyed powders with finer Al2O3 particles and smaller grain size exhibited higher microhardness than compacts of Cu-3 wt.% Al2O3 powder mixture. This indicates that nano-sized A1203 particles act as a stronger reinforcing parameter of the copper matrix than micro-sized commercial Al2O3 particles. Improved thermal stability of Cu-1 wt.% Al compacts compared to Cu-3 wt.% Al2O3 Compacts implies that nano-sized Al2O3 particles act more efficiently as barriers obstructing grain growth than micro-sized particles. Contrary, the lower electrical conductivity of Cu-1 wt.% Al compacts is the result of higher electron scatter caused by nano-sized Al2O3 particles. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
journal = "Journal of Materials Processing Technology",
title = "Properties of copper matrix reinforced with various size and amount Of Al2O3 particles",
volume = "200",
number = "1-3",
pages = "106-114",
doi = "10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.08.019"
}

Rajković, V. M., Božić, D.,& Jouanovic, M. T.. (2008). Properties of copper matrix reinforced with various size and amount Of Al2O3 particles. in Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 200(1-3), 106-114.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.08.019

Rajković VM, Božić D, Jouanovic MT. Properties of copper matrix reinforced with various size and amount Of Al2O3 particles. in Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2008;200(1-3):106-114.
doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.08.019 .

Rajković, Višeslava M., Božić, Dušan, Jouanovic, Milan T., "Properties of copper matrix reinforced with various size and amount Of Al2O3 particles" in Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 200, no. 1-3 (2008):106-114,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.08.019 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Rajković, Višeslava M.
AU  - Božić, Dušan
AU  - Jovanović, Milan T.
PY  - 2008
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3470
AB  - The mixture of electrolytic copper powder with 5 wt.% of commercial Al(2)O(3) powder (average particle size: 15 and 0.75 mu m, respectively) and the inert gas atomized prealloyed copper powder (average particle size: 30 mu m) containing 2.5 wt.% aluminum were separately milled in air up to 20 h in the planetary ball mill. During milling aluminum in the prealloyed copper powders was oxidized in situ by internal oxidation with oxygen from the air forming very fine nano-sized Al(2)O(3) particles. The internal oxidation of 2.5 wt.% aluminum generated 4.7 wt.% of Al(2)O(3) in the copper matrix. Powders and compacts were characterized by light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction analysis. Microhardness and electrical conductivity were also included in measurements. The microhardness of Cu-2.5 wt.% Al compacts was 3.6 times higher than that of compacts processed from electrolytic copper powder. This increase in microhardness is a consequence of a fine dispersion of Al(2)O(3) particles and refined grain structure. The average values of electrical conductivity of compacts processed from Cu-5 wt.% Al(2)O(3) and Cu-2.5 wt.% Al powders previously milled for 20 h and were 88% and 70% IACS, respectively, which is a rather significant increase if compared with values of 60% and 23% IACS of compacts processed from as-received and non-milled powders. The microhardness of 20-h milled compacts decreases with the heat treatment at 800 degrees C. Due to the effect of nano-sized Al(2)O(3) Particles Cu-2.5 wt.% Al compacts show lower decrease in microhardness. The results are discussed in terms of the effect of Al(2)O(3) Particle size and fine grain structure on the reinforcing of the copper matrix. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All fights reserved.
T2  - Journal of Alloys and Compounds
T1  - Properties of copper matrix reinforced with nano- and micro-sized Al(2)O(3) particles
VL  - 459
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 177
EP  - 184
DO  - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.04.307
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Rajković, Višeslava M. and Božić, Dušan and Jovanović, Milan T.",
year = "2008",
abstract = "The mixture of electrolytic copper powder with 5 wt.% of commercial Al(2)O(3) powder (average particle size: 15 and 0.75 mu m, respectively) and the inert gas atomized prealloyed copper powder (average particle size: 30 mu m) containing 2.5 wt.% aluminum were separately milled in air up to 20 h in the planetary ball mill. During milling aluminum in the prealloyed copper powders was oxidized in situ by internal oxidation with oxygen from the air forming very fine nano-sized Al(2)O(3) particles. The internal oxidation of 2.5 wt.% aluminum generated 4.7 wt.% of Al(2)O(3) in the copper matrix. Powders and compacts were characterized by light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction analysis. Microhardness and electrical conductivity were also included in measurements. The microhardness of Cu-2.5 wt.% Al compacts was 3.6 times higher than that of compacts processed from electrolytic copper powder. This increase in microhardness is a consequence of a fine dispersion of Al(2)O(3) particles and refined grain structure. The average values of electrical conductivity of compacts processed from Cu-5 wt.% Al(2)O(3) and Cu-2.5 wt.% Al powders previously milled for 20 h and were 88% and 70% IACS, respectively, which is a rather significant increase if compared with values of 60% and 23% IACS of compacts processed from as-received and non-milled powders. The microhardness of 20-h milled compacts decreases with the heat treatment at 800 degrees C. Due to the effect of nano-sized Al(2)O(3) Particles Cu-2.5 wt.% Al compacts show lower decrease in microhardness. The results are discussed in terms of the effect of Al(2)O(3) Particle size and fine grain structure on the reinforcing of the copper matrix. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All fights reserved.",
journal = "Journal of Alloys and Compounds",
title = "Properties of copper matrix reinforced with nano- and micro-sized Al(2)O(3) particles",
volume = "459",
number = "1-2",
pages = "177-184",
doi = "10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.04.307"
}

Rajković, V. M., Božić, D.,& Jovanović, M. T.. (2008). Properties of copper matrix reinforced with nano- and micro-sized Al(2)O(3) particles. in Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 459(1-2), 177-184.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.04.307

Rajković VM, Božić D, Jovanović MT. Properties of copper matrix reinforced with nano- and micro-sized Al(2)O(3) particles. in Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2008;459(1-2):177-184.
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.04.307 .

Rajković, Višeslava M., Božić, Dušan, Jovanović, Milan T., "Properties of copper matrix reinforced with nano- and micro-sized Al(2)O(3) particles" in Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 459, no. 1-2 (2008):177-184,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.04.307 . .