TY  - JOUR
AU  - Salah Adeen Embirsh, Hifa
AU  - Vuksanović, Marija M.
AU  - Mladenović, Ivana O.
AU  - Knežević, Nataša
AU  - Milošević, Milena
AU  - Mijatov, Slavko
AU  - Jančić Heinemann, Radmila
AU  - Marinković, Aleksandar
PY  - 2024
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/13225
AB  - Materials from green resources boast a low carbon footprint, forming the foundation of the circular economy approach in materials science. Thus, in this study, waste poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was subjected to depolymerization using propylene glycol (PG), and subsequent polycondensation with bio-based maleic anhydride (MA) produced unsaturated polyester resin (b-UPR). Bio-derived acryloyl-modified Kraft lignin (KfL-A) served as a vinyl reactive filler in the b-UPR matrix to create b-UPR/KfL-A composites. The structural characterization of KfL-A and b-UPR involved the use of FTIR and NMR techniques. The mechanical properties of the newly fabricated composites were assessed through tensile strength, Vickers microhardness, and dynamic mechanical tests. The addition of KfL-A to the rigid b-UPR matrix enhanced material flexibility, resulting in less stiff and hard materials while preserving composite toughness. For instance, incorporating 10 wt.% of KfL-A in b-UPR led to a 17% reduction in hardness, a 48% decrease in tensile strength, and a 20% reduction in toughness. Positive environmental impact was achieved by incorporation of 64 wt.% of renewable and recycled raw material. Analogously prepared b-UPR/KfL composites showed structural inhomogeneity and somewhat better mechanical properties. Transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscopies revealed a suitable relationship between mechanical and structural properties of composites in relation to the extent of KfL-A addition. The UL94V flammability rating confirmed that flame resistance increased proportionally with the KfL-A addition. Once deposited in a landfill, these composites are expected to disintegrate more easily than PET, causing less harm to the environment and contributing to sustainability in the plastics cycle.
T2  - Chemosphere
T1  - Unsaturated polyester resin based composites: A case study of lignin valorisation
IS  - InPress
SP  - 142144
DO  - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142144
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Salah Adeen Embirsh, Hifa and Vuksanović, Marija M. and Mladenović, Ivana O. and Knežević, Nataša and Milošević, Milena and Mijatov, Slavko and Jančić Heinemann, Radmila and Marinković, Aleksandar",
year = "2024",
abstract = "Materials from green resources boast a low carbon footprint, forming the foundation of the circular economy approach in materials science. Thus, in this study, waste poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was subjected to depolymerization using propylene glycol (PG), and subsequent polycondensation with bio-based maleic anhydride (MA) produced unsaturated polyester resin (b-UPR). Bio-derived acryloyl-modified Kraft lignin (KfL-A) served as a vinyl reactive filler in the b-UPR matrix to create b-UPR/KfL-A composites. The structural characterization of KfL-A and b-UPR involved the use of FTIR and NMR techniques. The mechanical properties of the newly fabricated composites were assessed through tensile strength, Vickers microhardness, and dynamic mechanical tests. The addition of KfL-A to the rigid b-UPR matrix enhanced material flexibility, resulting in less stiff and hard materials while preserving composite toughness. For instance, incorporating 10 wt.% of KfL-A in b-UPR led to a 17% reduction in hardness, a 48% decrease in tensile strength, and a 20% reduction in toughness. Positive environmental impact was achieved by incorporation of 64 wt.% of renewable and recycled raw material. Analogously prepared b-UPR/KfL composites showed structural inhomogeneity and somewhat better mechanical properties. Transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscopies revealed a suitable relationship between mechanical and structural properties of composites in relation to the extent of KfL-A addition. The UL94V flammability rating confirmed that flame resistance increased proportionally with the KfL-A addition. Once deposited in a landfill, these composites are expected to disintegrate more easily than PET, causing less harm to the environment and contributing to sustainability in the plastics cycle.",
journal = "Chemosphere",
title = "Unsaturated polyester resin based composites: A case study of lignin valorisation",
number = "InPress",
pages = "142144",
doi = "10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142144"
}

Salah Adeen Embirsh, H., Vuksanović, M. M., Mladenović, I. O., Knežević, N., Milošević, M., Mijatov, S., Jančić Heinemann, R.,& Marinković, A.. (2024). Unsaturated polyester resin based composites: A case study of lignin valorisation. in Chemosphere(InPress), 142144.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142144

Salah Adeen Embirsh H, Vuksanović MM, Mladenović IO, Knežević N, Milošević M, Mijatov S, Jančić Heinemann R, Marinković A. Unsaturated polyester resin based composites: A case study of lignin valorisation. in Chemosphere. 2024;(InPress):142144.
doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142144 .

Salah Adeen Embirsh, Hifa, Vuksanović, Marija M., Mladenović, Ivana O., Knežević, Nataša, Milošević, Milena, Mijatov, Slavko, Jančić Heinemann, Radmila, Marinković, Aleksandar, "Unsaturated polyester resin based composites: A case study of lignin valorisation" in Chemosphere, no. InPress (2024):142144,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142144 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Salah Adeen Embirsh, Hifa
AU  - Stajčić, Ivana
AU  - Gržetić, Jelena
AU  - Mladenović, Ivana O.
AU  - Anđelković, Boban
AU  - Marinković, Aleksandar
AU  - Vuksanović, Marija M.
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/11638
AB  - This paper presents sustainable technology for environmentally friendly composite production. Biobased unsaturated polyester resin (b-UPR), synthesized from waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) glycosylate and renewable origin maleic anhydride (MAnh) and propylene glycol(PG), was reinforced with unmodified and vinyl-modified biosilica nanoparticles obtained fromrice husk. The structural and morphological properties of the obtained particles, b-UPR, as well ascomposites, were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magneticresonance spectroscopy (NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electronmicroscopy (TEM) techniques. The study of the influence of biosilica modification on the mechanicalproperties of composites was supported by hardness modeling. Improvement of the tensile strengthof the b-UPR-based composite at 2.5 wt.% addition of biosilica modified with vinyl silane, named“b-UPR/SiO2-V” composite, has been achieved with 88% increase. The thermal aging process appliedto the b-UPR/SiO2-V composite, which simulates use over the product’s lifetime, leads to the deterioration of composites that were used as fillers in commercial unsaturated polyester resin (c-UPR).The grinded artificially aged b-UPR composites were used as filler in c-UPR for the production of atable top layer with outstanding mechanical properties, i.e., impact resistance and microhardness, aswell as fire resistance rated in the V-0 category according to the UL-94 test. Developing sustainablecomposites that are chemically synthesized from renewable sources is important from the aspect ofpreserving the environment and existing resources as well as the extending their life cycle.
T2  - Polymers
T1  - Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Biobased Unsaturated Polyester Resin Reinforced with Unmodified/Modified Biosilica Nanoparticles
VL  - 15
IS  - 18
SP  - 3756
DO  - 10.3390/polym15183756
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Salah Adeen Embirsh, Hifa and Stajčić, Ivana and Gržetić, Jelena and Mladenović, Ivana O. and Anđelković, Boban and Marinković, Aleksandar and Vuksanović, Marija M.",
year = "2023",
abstract = "This paper presents sustainable technology for environmentally friendly composite production. Biobased unsaturated polyester resin (b-UPR), synthesized from waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) glycosylate and renewable origin maleic anhydride (MAnh) and propylene glycol(PG), was reinforced with unmodified and vinyl-modified biosilica nanoparticles obtained fromrice husk. The structural and morphological properties of the obtained particles, b-UPR, as well ascomposites, were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magneticresonance spectroscopy (NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electronmicroscopy (TEM) techniques. The study of the influence of biosilica modification on the mechanicalproperties of composites was supported by hardness modeling. Improvement of the tensile strengthof the b-UPR-based composite at 2.5 wt.% addition of biosilica modified with vinyl silane, named“b-UPR/SiO2-V” composite, has been achieved with 88% increase. The thermal aging process appliedto the b-UPR/SiO2-V composite, which simulates use over the product’s lifetime, leads to the deterioration of composites that were used as fillers in commercial unsaturated polyester resin (c-UPR).The grinded artificially aged b-UPR composites were used as filler in c-UPR for the production of atable top layer with outstanding mechanical properties, i.e., impact resistance and microhardness, aswell as fire resistance rated in the V-0 category according to the UL-94 test. Developing sustainablecomposites that are chemically synthesized from renewable sources is important from the aspect ofpreserving the environment and existing resources as well as the extending their life cycle.",
journal = "Polymers",
title = "Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Biobased Unsaturated Polyester Resin Reinforced with Unmodified/Modified Biosilica Nanoparticles",
volume = "15",
number = "18",
pages = "3756",
doi = "10.3390/polym15183756"
}

Salah Adeen Embirsh, H., Stajčić, I., Gržetić, J., Mladenović, I. O., Anđelković, B., Marinković, A.,& Vuksanović, M. M.. (2023). Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Biobased Unsaturated Polyester Resin Reinforced with Unmodified/Modified Biosilica Nanoparticles. in Polymers, 15(18), 3756.
https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15183756

Salah Adeen Embirsh H, Stajčić I, Gržetić J, Mladenović IO, Anđelković B, Marinković A, Vuksanović MM. Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Biobased Unsaturated Polyester Resin Reinforced with Unmodified/Modified Biosilica Nanoparticles. in Polymers. 2023;15(18):3756.
doi:10.3390/polym15183756 .

Salah Adeen Embirsh, Hifa, Stajčić, Ivana, Gržetić, Jelena, Mladenović, Ivana O., Anđelković, Boban, Marinković, Aleksandar, Vuksanović, Marija M., "Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Biobased Unsaturated Polyester Resin Reinforced with Unmodified/Modified Biosilica Nanoparticles" in Polymers, 15, no. 18 (2023):3756,
https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15183756 . .